Species of eucalyptus
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Eucalyptus elata, commonly known as the river peppermint or river white gum, is a species of medium to tall tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, compacted bark on the lower trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, green to yellow flower buds arranged in groups of eleven to thirty or more, white flowers and hemispherical or shortened spherical fruit.
Description.
"Eucalyptus elata" is a tree that typically grows to a height of , rarely a mallee to , and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, compact, dark grey bark, with narrow longitudinal fissures on the lower trunk. The bark on the upper trunk and branches is smooth, shedding in long ribbons often remaining in the crown, leaving a grey, cream-coloured or whitish surface. Young plants and coppice regrowth have leaves arranged in opposite pairs, lance-shaped to curved, long and wide. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, the same glossy green on both sides, lance-shaped to curved, long and wide on a petiole long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of between eleven and thirty or more in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle long, the individual buds on a pedicel long. Mature buds are club-shaped, long and wide with a conical to rounded operculum. Flowering occurs from August to December and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, hemispherical or shortened spherical capsule long and wide with the valves enclosed below the rim.
Taxonomy and naming.
"Eucalyptus elata" was first described in 1829 by Friedrich Dehnhardt in his book, "Catalogus Plantarum Horti Camaldulensis". The specific epithet ("elata") is a Latin word meaning "exalted", "high" or "lofty".
Distribution and habitat.
River peppermint usually grows along watercourse but sometimes also in undulating country, on rocky ridges or on scree slopes in forest. It grows near the coast and nearby tablelands south from Putty in New South Wales to eastern Victoria.
Uses.
Use in horticulture.
"E. elata" is widely cultivated as a street and ornamental tree for its beautiful upper smooth bark, rich green foliage and profusion of flowers that appear in spherical masses.
Essential oils.
The leaves of "E. elata" have been distilled commercially for a piperitone based essential oil.
References.
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