John Payne Elwes (13 May 1798 – 1849) was a British politician.
Elwes lived at Stoke College in Suffolk, and later at Grove House in Essex. He became a magistrate for Suffolk and Essex, and in 1826 served as High Sheriff of Suffolk. He stood in the 1835 North Essex by-election for the Conservative Party, winning the seat. However, he stood down at the 1837 UK general election.