Baron was a statesman and diplomat in Meiji period Japan.
Biography.
Nishi was from a "samurai" family of the Satsuma Domain (present-day Kagoshima Prefecture). After the Meiji Restoration, he joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the new Meiji government, and was sent as a student to study the Russian language in St Petersburg, Russia in 1870. From 1870-1873, he traveled extensively through Central Asia, visiting Bukhara, Samarkand, Tashkent, Ürümqi and other areas of Xinjiang. After serving as First Secretary at the Japanese legation in Paris, France in 1874, he returned to Japan.
In June 1886, he was appointed council-general of the Japanese legation to Russia, Sweden and Norway and was elevated in rank to "danshaku" (baron) under the "kazoku" peerage system. In August 1896, he became ambassador to Russia. In March 1897, he was appointed to the Privy Council.
From November 6, 1897, to January 12, 1898, Nishi served as Foreign Minister under the 2nd Matsukata administration and again as Foreign Minister from January 12, 1898 to June 30, 1898, under the 3rd Itō administration. He negotiated the "Third Russo-Japanese Agreement" (the Nishi–Rosen Agreement) on April 25, 1898, in which Russia acknowledged Japan's supremacy in Korea in exchange for Japan's acknowledgement of Russia's sphere of interest in Manchuria. In October 1899, he was appointed ambassador to Qing dynasty China, and was at the Japanese legation in Beijing during the Boxer Rebellion.
In December 1899, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, 1st class.
He was the father of Takeichi Nishi, an Imperial Japanese Army cavalry officer who won a gold medal in the 1932 Summer Olympics and died in the Battle of Iwo Jima.