2022 Canadian ice hockey sexual assault scandal
Junior ice hockey players have been the subject of sexual assault investigations by police fifteen times since 1989. In 2022, Police were investigating three sexual assault allegations that happened in 2003 and the 2018 Hockey Canada controversy and sexual assault.
In May 2022, it was reported that Hockey Canada—the governing body for the sport of ice hockey in Canada—had paid a settlement to a woman who alleged that she was the victim of a sexual assault perpetrated in 2018 by members of Canada's men's national junior team.
In June 2022, Minister for Sport Pascale St-Onge froze the federal government's funding of Hockey Canada, and called for an investigation into whether public funds were used to fund the settlement. The Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage also opened an inquiry into Hockey Canada's handling of the allegations, which revealed a history of sexual misconduct cases raised against the organization, and that the organization had spent C$7.6 million out of a "National Equity Fund"—funded partially via player registration fees—to help pay out settlements in 21 sexual misconduct cases since 1989.
In October 2022, "The Globe and Mail" reported that Hockey Canada had created a "Participants Legacy Trust Fund" in 1999 with money from the National Equity Fund, for distribution to its members for "matters including but not limited to sexual abuse". Hockey Canada has denied that the fund has been used, while Hockey Saskatchewan stated that it receives interest from the trust to cover operating costs. During continued hearings that month, interim Hockey Canada board chair Andrea Skinner stated that the settlement for the 2018 case was a means to resolve it in a "respectful" manner without a trial.
In the immediate wake of the scandal, most of Hockey Canada's corporate sponsors suspended their relationship with the organization, and the 2022 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships in Edmonton was held without sponsors. Hockey Canada stated that it would no longer use its National Equity Fund to fund sexual misconduct settlements, and later announced a plan to address "systemic issues" in the culture of hockey. Further scrutiny emerged amid the October 2022 allegations, with Hockey Québec announcing that it will not send registration fees to Hockey Canada amid a lack of confidence for its proposed reforms, multiple sponsors continuing their suspension of sponsorship for its men's hockey programming, and retail chain Canadian Tire permanently ending their sponsorship of the organization.
The government spoke of resuming funding in April 2023, and Hockey Canada announced the "Beyond the Boards Summit" to make hockey a positive experience for participants, and changing hockey culture. In July 2023, Katherine Henderson was named the first female president in Hockey Canada's history, and Bauer Hockey subsequently reinstated its sponsorship.
Incidents of allegations of sexual assault.
2003 incident.
Halifax Regional Police started investigating allegations of a group sexual assault from 2003, and have the two named suspects. The alleged incident happened when Team Canada was in Halifax for the finals in January 2003, where the team won a silver medal.
Hockey Canada hired Jennifer White, a lawyer and investigator, as a third party investigator to look into the allegations in 2022.
2018 incidents.
The 2018 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships took place from December 26, 2017, to January 5, 2018. The gold-winning Canadian team then attended the Hockey Canada Foundation Gala &amp; Golf event on June 18, 2018, where shortly after, an alleged group assault in London, Ontario took place. Up to eight people were believed to have been involved, and police have reasonable grounds to believe that five members of the 2018 Canada World Juniors sexually assaulted an unnamed woman in a local hotel room.
In April 2020, a woman identified as "E.M." filed a statement of claim against Hockey Canada and the Canadian Hockey League (CHL), alleging an incident of sexual assault perpetrated on June 19, 2018. E.M., who was 20 at the time of the incident, alleged that she had been intoxicated by a defendant identified as "John Doe 1" at Jack's Bar in London, Ontario, and taken to a room in the London Delta Armouries Hotel. After engaging in sexual intercourse with John Doe 1, four men entered the room and assaulted E.M. The specific players were not identified, but it was stated that the group included members of Canada's gold medal-winning 2018 World Junior Championship team.
E.M. alleged that Hockey Canada had refused to investigate or reprimand the players in question, and sought C$3.55 million in damages. The London Police Service had closed a criminal investigation into the incident in February 2019 without laying charges, but have since reopened it. According to the lawsuit, the woman first met the players at a bar in London, Ontario, where a player referred to as John Doe 1 bought her alcoholic drinks. The woman became more intoxicated and eventually went to a hotel with John Doe 1. Once in John Doe 1's hotel room, the two engaged in sexual acts, where after John Doe 1 invited the rest of the John Doe Defendants into the room without the Plaintiff's knowledge or consent. The Plaintiff claimed that over the next several hours, John Does 1–8 engaged in several sexual acts "which collectively constituted sexual abuse and assault." In addition, the woman states that she could not give consent to any of the actions because of how intoxicated she was and that the group of eight (John Does 1–8) would not let her leave the room, despite multiple attempts by the victim. Lawyers representing the players released text messages and videos to "The Globe and Mail" alleging that the woman consented to sexual acts with John Does 1–8.
The allegations were made public in a complaint filed April 2022 in Ontario Superior Court. The lawsuit was filed against Hockey Canada, the Canadian Hockey League (CHL), and eight unnamed CHL players. The complainant stated in the complaint that those involved were "players for, and members of the CHL and Hockey Canada, including but not limited to members of the Canada U20 Men's Junior Hockey Team".
In May 2022, Rick Westhead of TSN reported that Hockey Canada and the CHL had agreed to settle the lawsuit.
On July 26, 2022, a previously agreed upon non-disclosure agreement between the complainant and Hockey Canada was dropped. A day later, Hockey Canada's executives, headed by former Hockey Canada president Scott Smith, testified before a parliamentary committee as to the organization's handling of the alleged sexual assault case, which included questions about the NDA.
As of September 2022, the incident was under investigation by London police, Hockey Canada, and the National Hockey League (NHL).
In December 2022, Hockey Canada stated that it had received Henein Hutchinson's report but that it would remain private. However, on March 27, 2023, the House of Commons Heritage Committee unanimously passed a motion ordering the report to be handed over within 24 hours with an amendment from Liberal MP Chris Bittle to have the report redacted for privacy purposes.
On January 24, 2024, "The Globe and Mail", citing unnamed sources, reported that five members of the team had been told to surrender to London police. On January 28, Alex Formenton surrendered himself; two days later, on January 30, Carter Hart, Dillon Dubé, Michael McLeod, and Cal Foote were formally charged in Canada with sexual assault.
Backlash.
Media reports revealed Hockey Canada maintained a reserve fund called the National Equity Fund drawing on minor hockey membership fees that was partially used to settle sexual misconduct cases, causing a public uproar.
Top sponsors, including Tim Hortons, Canadian Tire, Scotiabank, and Imperial Oil (which markets the Esso brand in Canada), withdrew support from the 2023 World Juniors and the entire 2022–23 season.
The Canadian sports minister Pascale St-Onge stripped Hockey Canada of federal funding and called for an audit of public funds, while Hockey Canada executives were questioned multiple times by parliament. The audit commissioned by the federal government found that Hockey Canada did not use public funds to settle sexual assault cases or pay for related legal fees.
Hockey Canada's response.
Hockey Canada required all players to participate in its investigation into the alleged sexual assault and stated that those who do not will be banned from all Hockey Canada activities and programs immediately. In addition, Hockey Canada disallowed all players from the 2018 World Juniors Men's team from competing in international competition until the investigation and adjudicative process of the alleged sexual assault has been completed.
Additionally, the entire board of directors as well as president and CEO Scott Smith resigned in October 2022. On December 17, 2022, Hockey Canada elected a new board of directors. The board will serve a special one-year term in order to focus on creating necessary change to improve the governance at Hockey Canada. Since then, the newly installed board vowed to change the culture within the sport and the organization. Katherine Henderson was named Hockey Canada's new president and CEO in October 2023. Hockey Canada hired human rights leader Irfan Chaudhry as its first vice-president of diversity and inclusion.
Parliamentary probe.
In June 2022, federal Minister for Sport Pascale St-Onge called for a forensic audit into whether taxpayer funding was used to pay out sexual assault settlements. St-Onge also paused federal funding to Hockey Canada until it explained its response to the 2018 allegations. On June 20, 2022, the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage opened an inquiry into Hockey Canada's handling of the 2018 allegations. Former Hockey Canada CEO Tom Renney, current CEO Scott Smith, and Hockey Canada Foundation chair Dave Andrews delivered testimony during the first day of the inquiry. The inquiry included claims that none of the players allegedly involved in the incident were compelled to participate in its investigations, and revealed that Hockey Canada had received one or two reports of assault per-year in the last five to six years. MP Anthony Housefather felt that keeping the accused players anonymous was "troubling", since "[potential] perpetrators of a criminal act" may still be playing, and possibly be in the NHL. Smith stated that Hockey Canada was "driven to change the culture in this game", stating that "one [case] in the last five to six years — not one to two each year, one in the last five to six years — is too many", and that four-to-six players declined to participate in the investigation.
In September 2022, Peter Julian, NDP member of Parliament (MP) for New Westminster—Burnaby, requested a "thorough" audit into Hockey Canada's finances since 2016; he accused the organization of spending thousands of dollars on expensive dinner parties, hotel rooms, and championship rings for board members.
Reserve funds.
On July 18, 2022, it was reported that Hockey Canada had maintained a reserve to pay for "uninsured liabilities", including "potential claims for historical sexual abuse". The information was contained within an affidavit filed in an Ontario court in July 2021 by Hockey Canada's vice-president of insurance and risk management Glen McCurdie.
It was reported in "The Globe and Mail" that Hockey Canada had diverted player registration fees to a fund known as the National Equity Fund, which was worth approximately $15 million, to "pay out settlements in cases of alleged sexual assault without its insurance company, and with minimal outside scrutiny". In response, Hockey Canada issued a statement regarding this reserve, referring the "National Equity Fund", and stating that it was used primarily "to pay for the organization's insurance premiums and to cover any claims not otherwise covered by insurance policies, including those related to physical injury, harassment, and sexual misconduct."
On July 27, 2022, Smith testified to the Heritage Committee that between 1989 and the May 2022 settlement, Hockey Canada spent $8.9 million to settle 21 sexual misconduct lawsuits. $6.8 million of this total was paid out to settle cases surrounding sexual abuse by junior hockey coach Graham James, and $7.6 million of this total had been funded from the National Equity Fund.
On October 3, 2022, "The Globe and Mail" reported that Hockey Canada had created a "Participants Legacy Trust Fund" in 1999, to distribute funding to its member organizations for "matters including but not limited to sexual abuse". Funded with at least $7.1 million from the National Equity Fund, it had been created to cover claims from between 1989 and 1995, before Hockey Canada had obtained insurance for sexual assault claims. The trust was to expire in May 2020, but filings in the Court of King's Bench of Alberta revealed that it had been extended to 2039; in