On November 24, 2009, Michaele () and Tareq Salahi (), a married couple from Virginia, and Carlos Allen (from the District of Columbia), attended a White House state dinner for Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, as uninvited guests. The Salahis and Allen arrived separately and did not appear to have colluded in their efforts. They were able to pass through two security checkpoints (including one requiring positive photo identification), enter the White House complex, and meet President Barack Obama. The incident resulted in security investigations and legal inquiries.
The incident.
Motivation.
At the time of the incident, Michaele Salahi was being filmed for Bravo's "The Real Housewives of D.C." Camera crews for the show filmed the Salahis' preparation for the dinner, including Michaele's hair being done at a salon and her dress being properly styled, before going to the White House in a limousine with her husband Tareq. Cameras captured the couple being questioned at the gate by a person with a clipboard, who instructed them to proceed to the next gate when she could not verify them on her list. Sky News reported: "The Salahis hope to build a public profile in the US after appearing in the filming for the reality TV show "The Real Housewives of Washington, D.C.", though their contribution was never aired." The series began airing on Bravo in August 2010 and was later canceled due to the incident. Five years later, Bravo announced that the housewives were coming back to the Washington area, with "The Real Housewives of Potomac" airing in January 2016.
Preparation.
Tim Burke, director of the gatecrashing reality show "MTV Blaggers!", said that Tareq Salahi contacted him about a week before the White House incident for advice on tricking one's way into a black-tie event.
Michaele Salahi spent seven hours in the Erwin Gomez Salon in Georgetown to prepare for the state dinner, accompanied by a film crew from "The Real Housewives". In contrast to the more sedate black or navy blue evening gowns worn by most female guests, Salahi wore a gold embroidered red ensemble, which the press widely referred to as a sari (more precisely, a lehenga-style sari and choli). Michaele was recorded on film saying that she had conferred with White House social secretary Desirée Rogers as to whether wearing this attire would be appropriate, and that "they thought the sari was a great idea." Aparajita Mukherjee of the "Times of India" later implied that Salahi probably bought the ensemble in the Janpath market of New Delhi during a July 2009 visit to invite the Indian polo team to participate in the 2010 America's Polo Cup. Michaele Salahi also wore expensive David Yurman jewelry to the event; reportedly, a Washington-area store lent her the bracelets and rings, in total worth $30,000, and needed three attempts to retrieve them. In February 2010, Salahi told an Australian television interviewer that her attire would be auctioned to raise funds for Haitian earthquake relief. It was sold at auction on October 2, 2010, for US$.
Breach and attendance.
The Salahis entered the state dinner in honor of India's Prime Minister Manmohan Singh without an invitation, although their film crew was unable to follow them. They passed through two security checkpoints, one of which checked them for photo identification. Robin Givhan of "The Washington Post" surmised that the Salahis were allowed to enter because they "looked the part" and, in her words, stepped through a "cultural blind spot." The "Washington Post" also quoted an anonymous official as having said that "the Salahis were allowed inside in violation of agency policies by an officer outside the front gate who apparently was persuaded by the couple's manner and insistence as well as the pressure of keeping lines moving on a rainy evening." The White House social secretary, Desirée Rogers, later told media that a member of her staff was at the main entrance to handle arriving guests not on the guest list, but that the Secret Service did not alert her staff to either the Salahis or Carlos Allen. "The New York Times" subsequently reported that Rogers had posted an employee of her office only at the East Portico checkpoint, but not at the first, outer checkpoint, a departure from past practice.
"The Washington Post"'s Roxanne Roberts recognized the Salahis and subsequently wrote, 
The minute I realized they were not on the list, I asked a White House staffer to verify their names and explain why they were not on the list. I told the same thing to another staffer a few minutes later. This was before the Salahis went through the receiving with the president, and they could have been pulled aside and quietly questioned.
Roberts's suspicions were apparently not acted upon; according to media reports, "the first the White House security detail knew of their blunder in allowing the Salahis into Tuesday's event was when the couple posted photographs from the dinner on their Facebook page." The White House on November 27 released its own photographs of the couple posing with President Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, and Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel.
Invited guest Brian Williams, anchor of the "NBC Nightly News" who was there, observed the Salahis' sport utility vehicle being turned down from the East Gate entrance of the White House that evening, after which the Salahis and crew left their vehicle and walked toward the White House.
After returning from the White House, the Salahis posted their photographs from the dinner on Michaele's Facebook page.
Aftermath.
Formal investigation.
On December 1, 2009, "The Washington Post" reported that the Secret Service found e-mail exchanges between the Salahis and Michele S. Jones, special assistant to the Secretary of Defense and the Pentagon-based liaison to the White House; Jones specifically told the Salahis not to come because she had no authority to grant admittance. That morning, the Salahis appeared on the "Today" show on NBC, interviewed by Matt Lauer. When Lauer asked the couple whether they were invited to the dinner, Michaele stated, "we were invited, not crashers and there isn't anyone that would have the audacity or the poor behavior to do that." Michaele also claimed victimization: "Everything we worked for, Matt—for me 44 years just destroyed." The Salahis also asserted that they had received no payment in return for granting the interview.
The Salahis were requested by the U.S. House of Representatives Homeland Security Committee to appear at a hearing on December 3, 2009, but they refused to attend. Following this, Representative Bennie Thompson, Democrat of Mississippi and chairman of the Committee, defeated Republican efforts to subpoena White House social secretary Desirée Rogers and to hold the Secret Service officially responsible for the Salahis' unauthorized entry. He also began a formal process to subpoena the Salahis. On December 9, 2009, the Committee on Homeland Security voted 26 to 3 to subpoena Tareq Salahi, and 27 to 2 to subpoena Michaele, for a hearing on the gatecrash that was scheduled for January 20, 2010.
The Salahis' attorney advised that the Salahis would invoke the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, and they did so at the hearing, declining to answer questions 32 times. Despite this invocation of the Fifth Amendment, Tareq Salahi had informed the "Las Vegas Sun" that he and his wife "want the story of The White House cover-up about their invitation to be told." Tareq also told the "Loudoun Times-Mirror" prior to the hearings, "It will truly be a historic moment ... Not since the 1950s has Congress held hearings of such a historic nature." However, the Salahis' attorney, Stephen Best, described the Congressional inquest as "not a hearing looking for information. This was an opportunity for a public flogging."
White House Principal Deputy Counsel Daniel J. Meltzer stated in a letter on December 23, 2009, to the House of Representatives Committee on Homeland Security,
We have found no evidence the Salahis were included on any White House access list or guest list. The Salahis were not on the lists for the State Dinner, the Arrival Ceremony, or any other event scheduled for November 24. Indeed there is no record of the Salahis in the White House visitor access system since the beginning of the Obama Administration. Moreover, we have found no evidence that the Salahis called the White House and asked about the proper dress code for the State Dinner.
On January 8, 2010, media reported that a federal grand jury had been convened to investigate the apparent security breach by the Salahis. Erwin Gomez and Peggy Ioakim of the Erwin Gomez Salon and Spa were subpoenaed to testify before the grand jury. "Politico" reported that the subpoena does not mention the Salahis, but "says that the grand jury is investigating a possible violation of 18 USC 1001, a federal statute that covers lying to a government official." In addition, White House Usher Rear Admiral Stephen Rochon testified voluntarily to the grand jury, the first White House official to do so.
In an interview by Robin Roberts on ABC's "Good Morning America" television program broadcast January 10, 2010, Carlos Allen's attorney called Allen a "cooperating witness" and stated that Allen is not a subject of the grand jury investigation.
Reactions.
Indian security officials expressed shock at the apparent breach of security. An anonymous Indian official told "The Economic Times", part of the "Times of India" media group,
We are glad that it happened in the US. If such a security breach had happened out here in Hyderabad House, or even Vigyan Bhavan, we would have never heard the end of it and heads would have rolled. How such a breach in the most important official residence in the world happened is something all of us are very keen to know.
Secret Service Director Mark Sullivan issued a statement on November 27 saying that the Secret Service was "deeply concerned and embarrassed by the circumstances surrounding the State Dinner". Sullivan's statement also pointed out that "the preliminary findings of our internal investigation have determined established protocols were not followed at an initial checkpoint, verifying that two individuals were on the guest list." "Newsweek" magazine further reported, "The White House staff member whose job was to supervise the guest list for state dinners and clear invitees into the events says she was stripped of most of her responsibilities earlier this year, prompting her to resign last June."
Representative Peter T. King, Republican of New York, wrote a letter to the House Committee on Homeland Security requesting an investigation into this incident. The Secret Service also considered criminal charges against the Salahis.
Secret Service Director Sullivan put three identified employees on administrative leave. Sullivan testified at the December 3 hearing that the White House and Secret Service collaboratively planned security protocols for the state dinner.
In a televised interview on the CBS program "60 Minutes" that aired December 13, 2009, President Obama termed the gatecrash a "screw-up", expressed anger that it had taken place, and vowed that such incidents would not occur again.
The incident also resulted in criticism of the White House for an alleged lack of transparency due to the Administration's unwillingness to allow the White House social secretary to testify before Congress.
Security was tightened both at the White House and at outside events involving the President, with one commentator referring to the new White House security regime as "so tight it operated like a beast on steroids." Congressman Louie Gohmert (R-Texas) complained in March 2010 about members of Congress having to walk a block in the rain to enter the White House:
The member of Congress, like today in the rain, has to go down a block and then go through security there with double the number of guards and then come up and go through security again and go through guards again ... not because Secret Service messed up or the armed guards that are now doubled in number, but because somebody in the White House staff screwed up ... Now they’re deciding to punish members of Congress and law-abiding citizens that normally just get in.
At the state of the union address in the Capitol January 27, 2010, security was reportedly more stringent than before, with multiple checks of identification. An anonymous U.S. Senate official was quoted in "The New York Times" as saying, 
Nobody, the Secret Service, the Capitol Police, wants another one of those ... They don’t want some chucklehead out on the House floor with a camera, then putting it on YouTube that he