2011 mutiny and mass murder on Chinese trawler
The mutiny and mass murder on Lurongyu 2682 (), a Chinese squid-jigging trawler, took place in the South Pacific Ocean between June and July 2011. A group of crewmen from the ship, led by Liu Guiduo (Chinese: 刘贵夺), seized control of the ship from their captain Li Chengquan (Chinese: 李承权). Of the 33 men on board, 16 were killed and 6 jumped overboard (and are presumed dead). The captain cooperated with the hijackers in the later stage of the mutiny when they convinced him to sail and illegally emigrate to Japan.
Eleven crew members returned to China. In 2013, these crew members were convicted of murder, with five receiving death sentences, including the captain. An interview with Duan Zhifang (Chinese: 段志芳) (the first of the convicted crew) to be released went viral, and the events have been adapted into a radio drama and a visual novel.
Background.
Ship and crew.
"Lurongyu 2682" is the generic name of the fishing vessel, registered in Rongcheng, Shandong. It was owned by Shandong Rongcheng Xinfa Seafood Corporation (Chinese: 山东荣成市鑫发水产公司).
There were originally 35 crewmen on board, but two of them left before departure due to low salary and health problem. One of them was Wang Shubin (Chinese: 王树彬) and the other was Yan (second name unknown) (Chinese: 严). After that, there were 33 crewmen on board, split across three social groups. These groups were from the province of Heilongjiang, the region of Inner Mongolia, and the management team from the city of Dalian. Only some of the crew were licensed seafarers. They boarded the ship and passed the customs check normally, while unlicensed seafarers boarded another small boat to avoid the custom check, and transferred to "Lurongyu 2682" at sea.
The working contract between the sailors and the operating company stated that the ship would return to China after two years. However, the stamp that the company used in the contract was forged, making all of the sailors undocumented employees.
Initial voyage and discontent.
On 27 December 2010, the "Lurongyu 2682" departed from Port Shidao (石岛), located in Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, China, for squid jigging. The ship arrived off the coast of Peru in February 2011 and began jigging operations. The crew complained about the working environment and by May 2011 they became discontent and suspicious about the company. They assumed that the company would violate the contract by deducting their salaries. Liu Guiduo expressed his concern to Captain Li Chengquan and requested that they immediately return to China. Li refused to do so.
Mutiny.
On 16 June 2011, while the ship was in the Chilean Sea, Liu led a group of 11 crewmen to hijack the ship. They forced their way into the captain's cabin and beat Li with a stick. Chief Cook Xia Qiyong (Chinese: 夏琦勇) heard the disturbance and rushed to Li's cabin with a kitchen knife, and was killed by the mutineers. The crew did not believe that there would be another killing and decided to claim that Xia had fallen into the sea by himself.
The mutineers forced Li to sail back to China, keeping him under watch. Concerned about further interference and acts of revenge for Xia's killing, they disabled the ship's communications and locked all knives, lifeboats and life jackets. Several weeks passed quietly: the ship rounded Hawaii and was a couple weeks from China. Liu was then informed that the ship was consuming fuel at an abnormally high rate and that the auxiliary engines had failed. Crewman Bo Fujun (Chinese: 薄福军) told Liu that Chief Engineer Wen Dou (Chinese: 温斗) and others who were personally close to Li were planning a revolt, and asked Liu to spare them.
On 20 July 2011, Liu ordered the mutineers to kill all the crewmen who he believed were trying to revolt. Under the cover of loud music, they killed nine men, stabbing them on the ship's deck and throwing their bodies into the sea. The victims included Bo, as Liu was uncertain of his loyalty. Liu personally killed the second mate, and made certain that each of the mutineers had taken part in a murder.
Liu decided not to return to China. He told the mutineers that they would instead illegally immigrate to Japan. To facilitate this, Liu forced some of the crew to call their families by satellite phone to transfer money. He said that the other crew members could return to China, and that he did not care if they testified against him. Nonetheless, there was great unease and suspicion following the mass killing. The following day, crewman Ma Yuchao (Chinese: 马玉超) was missing, and was believed to have jumped into the sea due to the atmosphere of terror.
Baodegejirihu (Chinese: 包德格吉日胡) , the leader of a close group of six mutineers who were from Inner Mongolia, felt that the killings would continue and that only those closest to Liu would be spared. He planned to revolt against Liu, but Liu learned of this. Liu convinced Li to join the mutineers and to avenge his murdered friends by killing Baodegejirihu. On 24 July 2011, while the ship was from Japan, Liu tricked Baodegejirihu to come to the deck where Baodegejirihu was killed by Li and Cui Yong (Chinese: 崔勇), another crew member who had joined the mutineers. Baodegejirihu shouted for help but none of his allies responded. That night, Baodegejirihu's five men were systematically murdered.
Following this, there were eleven crew alive on the ship, each of whom had killed. Liu told them to blame the killings on Baodegejirihu and his men, and to say that the killers escaped with a lifeboat. To ensure their cooperation, Liu threatened harm to their families, whose addresses he had obtained from the ship's records.
In August, a Japan Coast Guard boat assisted Lurongyu 2682 with problems becoming underway. Suspicious about the small crew on Lurongyu, the Japan Coast Guard contacted the China Coast Guard. A rescue team from the China Coast Guard, which had received the distress signal, arrived after a few days and towed the ship back to China.
Victims.
Murdered.
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Missing.
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Legal proceedings.
All eleven surviving crewmembers were detained by police when they returned to Shidao on 12 August 2011. They initially followed Liu Guiduo's instructions, denied any killing, and blamed the deaths on Baodegejirihu and his friends. Later, all except Liu Guiduo confessed.
On 19 March 2013, a court in Weihai City, Shandong Province, announced the sentence of the eleven convicted, as follows:
On 23 March 2017, the Supreme Court of China authorized the death penalty of Liu Guiduo, Jiang Xiaolong, Liu Chengjian, Huang Jinbo, Li Chengquan, and Wang Peng.
Reaction.
Families of most deceased crew members received compensation from Xinfa. The government promised to strengthen regulations and enforcement regarding fishing safety, training, and labour disputes.
One anonymous crewmate (believed to be Duan Zhifang), once released, was interviewed by a reporter named Du Qiang. His account of the mutiny was published as a 17,000 character story in January 2016, and was later translated into English by Nicky Harman and Emily Jones. It became an Internet hit that attracted 30 million views and 100,000 comments on Sina Weibo. A monograph, based on a separate interview with the released crewman, was written by a legal journalist and published in August 2016.
On 25 October 2018, the events were loosely adapted into a visual novel titled "One-Way Ticket" and released on Steam by the Chinese indie game company Zodiac Interactive. For marketing purposes, the setting and characters were made to be Japanese.
This case has been tried twice to be adapted into a movie: the first time in October 2016, but the filming was terminated due to failure to obtain filming approval from National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA); the second time in May 2017, and obtained approval from NRTA approved the online movie launch and was scheduled to be broadcast exclusively on Tencent Video on May 27, 2023, but it was still taken offline at the last moment.
References.
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