Ayoun al Atrous (also known as Aioun el Atrouss) () is a town in southern Mauritania. It is located at around . It is the capital of Hodh El Gharbi region. 
The city is served by the Aioun el Atrouss Airport, north-west of the city. The town is located in the southern area of the Aoukar, a former lake basin. 
Ayoun al Atrous was one of the stops in the 2007 Dakar Rally. 
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