Technically, the Moon is Full at a specific time. Therefore you need to check the time of sunset/moonrise OR sunrise/moonset that is closest to the time of Full Moon. Then you can more accurately compare the variation. Here is the list for 2019 created using the U.S. Naval Observatory website.
Longitude E9° 8', Latitude N41° 35'
All times in Universal Time (UT)
Date of Full Moon -------- Sun ---------- -------- Moon -------- Moon-Sun
Date Time Date Time Date Time Diff
1/21/2019 5:16 Rise 1/21/2019 6:45 Set 1/21/2019 6:54 +0:09
2/19/2019 15:53 Set 2/19/2019 17:01 Rise 2/19/2019 16:55 -0:06
3/21/2019 1:43 Rise 3/21/2019 5:26 Set 3/21/2019 5:58 +0:32
4/19/2019 11:12 Set 4/19/2019 18:08 Rise 4/19/2019 18:14 +0:06
5/18/2019 21:11 Set 5/18/2019 18:39 Rise 5/18/2019 18:14 -0:25
6/17/2019 8:31 Rise 6/17/2019 3:49 Set 6/17/2019 3:54 +0:05
7/16/2019 21:38 Set 7/16/2019 18:56 Rise 7/16/2019 18:49 -0:07
8/15/2019 12:29 Rise 8/15/2019 4:32 Set 8/15/2019 4:09 -0:23
9/14/2019 4:33 Rise 9/14/2019 5:02 Set 9/14/2019 4:59 -0:03
10/13/2019 21:08 Set 10/13/2019 16:46 Rise10/13/2019 17:02 +0:16
11/12/2019 13:34 Set 11/12/2019 16:07 Rise11/12/2019 16:25 +0:18
12/12/2019 5:12 Rise 12/12/2019 6:40 Set12/12/2019 6:42 +0:02
The difference is much smaller than your original list.
Why this happens MCG and <PERSON> explained why it happens, namely because:
1. If the moonrise/set is not the same time as the exact Full Moon, then moonrise/set occurs earlier or later than the sunset/rise.
2. Because the Moon passes above and below the ecliptic (the path of the Sun in the sky), the Full Moon is rarely directly opposite from the Sun. Therefore, it can rise earlier or later than the Sun even when exactly "Full".
3. 371
Even if the Full Moon were exactly opposite from the Sun (180 degrees apart, and in a total lunar eclipse), there would still be a difference between the time of sunset/moonrise. Those times are when the limb of the sun/moon is visible, and the limbs are closer together than 180 degrees apart. Also, atmospheric refraction shrinks the separation a small amount.
Where and when are they closest?
This is more involved but can be reasoned using the following figure. The Sun is in the direction of 1, so the ring of sunset-sunrise is the circle A-A. The Full Moon is in the direction of 2, so the ring of moonrise-moonset is the circle B-B. Where these two circles cross at C is where the sunset and moonrise (or sunrise and moonset) occur at the same time. The highlighted area is where the Moon and Sun are both above the horizon at the same time. Note that this figure is highly exaggerated for illustrative purposes. 797