Distance traveled by a projectile into a block
This problem is part of one of the free response questions on the 2011 AP Physics C Mechanics exam [PDF of free-response questions] that was administered last week.
(Sorry the problem statement is so long; I wanted to make sure I'm not inadvertently changing the meaning by shortening it.)
A projectile with mass $m$ and velocity $v_x$ is fired horizontally into a block of wood that is clamped to a tabletop so that it cannot move. The projectile travels a distance $d$ into the block before it stops.
(d) Derive an expression for the average force $F_b$ exerted on the projectile as it comes to rest in the block.
Now a new projectile and block are used, identical to the first ones, but the block is not clamped to the table. 512
The projectile is again fired into the block of wood and travels a new distance $d_n$ into the block while the block slides across the table a short distance $D$. Assume the following: the projectile enters the block with speed $v_x$, the average force $F_b$ between the projectile and the block has the same value as determined earlier, the average force of friction between the table and the block is $f_T$, and the collision is instantaneous so the frictional force is negligible during the collision.
(e) Derive an expression for $d_n$ in terms of $d$, $D$, $f_T$, and $F_b$, as appropriate.
(f) Derive an expression for $d_n$ in terms of $d$, the mass $m$ of the projectile, and the mass $M$ of the block.
For part (d), I simply used energy to find $F_b$ using that $E = \frac12 m v_x^2 = F_b d$.
For part (e), I used energy again but with another term for friction: $\frac12 m v_x^2 = F_b d_n + f_T D$, giving $$d_n = \frac{ m v_x^2 - 2 f_T D }{ 2 F_b } = \frac{ F_b d - f_T D }{ F_b }.$$
I'm pretty sure I'm right up to this point, but part (f) is quite confusing – it seems to me that there's absolutely no way that $d_n$ can be expressed only in terms of those three quantities because it needs to depend on the frictional force between the block and the table. Can anyone explain if I'm missing something? If I'm not missing anything, what is the most likely original intention of the question-writers?
Thanks! 512