Because you want a similar temperature and climate to Earth's, your new planet would have to be at approximately the same distance from its sun as Earth is, assuming both solar systems have similar-sized suns.
For Earth's mean temperature of $15^{\circ}\mathrm C$, the planet would have to be about 1 AU from its sun.
For your planet to possess seasons and be similar in climate to Earth, it would need the same axial tilt, which is responsible for Earth's seasons. Earth's axial tilt is about $23.45$ degrees, your planet's would have to be similar for similar seasons.
Your planet would also need the same day-length so that each part of it will receive the same warming from the sun per day. If the day were longer, your planet might become a bit desert-like, very hot in the day, and freezing at night. That doesn't sound promising for life.
However, for a massive planet to possess a 24 hour day, the surface would have to be moving much, much faster than Earth's:
Earth's diameter is $12,756$ km, so has a radius of $6,378$ km.
Your new planet's radius is 10x larger, so would be $63,780$ km. 188
That means your planet has a circumference of $2 \cdot 63,780\pi$ km, approximately equal to $400,742$ km.
For your planet to have a $24$ hour day, the surface would have to spin at $\frac{400742}{24}$ km/h, about $16,698$ km/h, which is pretty fast. (Earth's spin is only $1,673$ km/h.)
Your planet would be rotating at about
$$ 16,698~\mathrm{km/h} $$
which is pretty darn fast!
Honestly, I was half-hoping that speed of this planet's rotation might be nearer Jupiter's $45,061$ km/h, so that I could talk about extreme weather patterns and phenomena such as the Great Red Spot.
Apparently your planet will not be subject to anything near as powerful as Jupiter's hurricanes, but your planet's spin is definitely fast enough to increase the strength of - and therefore devastation caused by - any of its storms.
Also, your planet's spin is still slow enough to lead to similar weather systems as on Earth, where winds are constrained to a hemisphere, and Jet Streams will become possible, which will help regulate your planet's climate and keep it more consistent with Earth's.
However, we have yet to face the biggest problem imposed by a massive planet: keeping gravity somewhat similar to Earth's.
This is nigh impossible, as we will see after we calculate what density our planet would need:
Earth's density is $5,540$ kg/m3, and it's volume $1.08321×10^{21}$ m3.
Your planet's radius is 10x larger, therefore its volume must be 103x larger. This means that your planet's volume is $1.08321×10^{24}$ m3.
Usually, for two objects to have the same gravity, their masses must be the same, but the inverse square law also states gravitational attraction to be inversely proportional to the square of the distance between two objects.
Because your planet is 10x larger, anyone on the surface will be 10x further away from its center than they would be from Earth's center on its surface. Using this equality, we can calculate the necessary mass of your planet: $$ \mathrm g = \frac{G\cdot M}{r^2} $$ Where $\mathrm g$ represents the accelration due to gravity ($\mathrm{m/s^2}$), $G$ the gravitational constant (6.673×10-11 N·(m/kg)2), $M$ the mass of our planet and $r$ the radius of our planet.
We can now rearrange and solve for $M$: $$ M = \frac{\mathrm g r^2}{G} \~\ M = \frac{9.8 \times 63780000^2}{6.673 \times 10^{-11}}\~\ M \approx 5.974 \times 10^{26} $$
So, our planet's mass would have to be approximately $5.974 \times 10^{26}$ kg, which looks about right; Earth's mass is about $5.972 \times 10^{24}$ kg, and, for the same gravity, we'd expect our planet to be 100x heavier, which it is! Of course, we are suffering rounding inaccuracies, but so far, so good. 921