This topic makes some sense, “Thermodynamics quantities like pressure, temperature and entropy are associated with overall states of a macroscopic system” or associated with overall states of a local, this is a fact. In the equation \begin{align}dU=TdS-pdV+Ydx+\sum_j\mu_jdN_j\end{align} $T, S, p, V $ “are associated with overall states of a macroscopic system” or a local, $Y, x, \mu_j, N_j$ can be, but not a requirement. So thermodynamics now is a “Grey box theory”. In some new theoretical models[1], the Intensive variables $T, p$ can be instead, by the distribution of the extensive variables associated with them. 28
For example, consider an idea gas or photon gas, using $q$ denotes the energy of thermal motion within the system, name as the internal heat energy, then we have \begin{align}dU=dq.\end{align} The entropy of the system \begin{align}dS=\frac{dU}{T}+\frac{pdV}{T}=\frac{dq}{T}+\frac{pdV}{T}.\end{align} For an idea gas, $T=q/iNk$ and $pV=NkT$, such that \begin{align}dS=\frac{iNk}{q}dq+\frac{Nk}{V}dV.\end{align} For a photon gas, $q=3pV$ and $T=q/3NR_{p}$, where $R_{{p}}$=$[\zeta (4)/\zeta (3)]k$, $\zeta (3)$ and $\zeta (4)$ are the <PERSON> zeta functions. Such that, we get \begin{align}dS=\frac{3NR_{{p}}}{q}dq+\frac{NR_{{p}}}{V}dV.\end{align} It implies, for an idea gas or photon gas \begin{align}dS=\frac{iNR_{{k}}}{q}dq+\frac{NR_{{k}}}{V}dV. \end{align} Where $i$ is number of the degrees of freedom of the particles, and $R_{{k}}$ denotes the system constant, for an idea gas $R_{{k}}$=$k$, and for a photon gas $R_{{k}}$=$R_{{p}}$. All of the variables in the equation are extensive variables, and an inference for the first term can be made to dynamics \begin{align} \frac{iNR_{{k}}}{q}dq\rightarrow R_{{k}}\sum_{j=1}^{N}\sum_{s=1}^s d\ln\epsilon_{j{s}}.\end{align} Where $\epsilon_{j}$ is the kinetic energy of the particle $j$, and $s$ is the degrees of freedom of the particles. So, thermodynamic quantities are associated with overall states of a macroscopic system, but this “associated with” is not a requirement.
[1] http://arxiv.org/pdf/1201.4284v5.pdf 649