I would posit that the curriculum in the educational facilities would focus on teaching students to be open-minded and creative rather than just filling them to the brim with arbitrary knowledge like they normally do.
Take superheroes, for instance. They are known for using their tremendous powers which habitually break the laws of thermodynamics to... uh... fight crime. Sometimes in a single city, no less. In children that can do literally anything they want, creativity is absolutely key if you want the world to use magic in society.
Children, with more flexible minds than adults, may also be trained to think in many more dimensions than a human would normally so as to design more elaborate creations, short-term memory training will be used so that they can process more complex operations with ease, and if it is easier to do things that are more likely, physics will definitely have a place in the curriculum as well.
What is probably the most interesting thing that children would learn in a magic school, mind you, is morality. 917
In a world where literally everything can be blamed on someone somewhere, justifiably so, with no real way of proving that that hurricane that destroyed an entire city wasn't you, the people would more likely than not have a much stricter moral code that they would be held to and cling to with their very lives. Even the occasional bout of mischief from a mage would be cause for suspicion if some disaster just happened to affect someone they didn't get along with. As such, magic-capable children would have to be taught at a young age to be absolute paragons of calm, collected, disciplined infallibility, never interfering with the natural world more than necessary, lest they pose a danger to others, themselves, and possibly magecraft itself by virtue of starting a witch hunt should their abilities have dreadful consequences. Or not. Perhaps the muggles are just paranoid. But at the end of the day, it doesn't matter if the reasoning is right or wrong: social uprising can collapse entire civilisations.
tl;dr: Teach your mages self-control first, creativity second. 917