Traumatic injury to the peripheral nerves is most common in the young population; therefore resulting disability incurs a significant cost to the patient, as well as to society, from loss of productivity and healthcare dollars spent on rehabilitation. Despite major efforts in improving surgical technique, functional outcome has not significantly changed in the past thirty years. Irreversible denervation, atrophy of target muscles, and deranged sensation secondary to slow or aberrant axonal outgrowth remains a significant challenge. Currently the application of post-operative electrical stimulation is being used to promoted axonal regeneration to good effect. However, pre-operative conditioning of the injured peripheral nerve, with electrical stimulation, has not been investigated in the human population.