STUDY DESIGN Enrollment. Patients scheduled to undergo AVF creation will be evaluated by participating surgeons at Albany Medical College approximately one month prior to surgery. Pre-operative vascular assessment will be performed by Doppler ultrasound and the patient's chart will be reviewed for additional relevant information pertinent to the surgery or the proposed intervention. Potential candidates will be approached by the PI and/or vascular surgeons, and clinical research coordinator (CRC) to enroll in this study. If subject agrees the informed consent is obtained, blood will be collected for a baseline Liver test function (LFT), C-reactive protein (CRP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and lipid profile, and the patient's clinical information will be entered into Qualtrics (clinical research management software). If the results of the baseline blood panel do not warrant an exclusion, and eligibility criteria are met, patients will be contacted and they will receive the study medication and date they should start the therapy (2 weeks prior to surgery). The patient's primary doctor will be notified and a note will be entered into the patient's electronic record to inform of his/her participation in the study. The day prior to treatment initiation, patients will be called as a reminder. Investigators' goal is to enroll fifty patients, who will be randomized to receive either atorvastatin (40mg, once daily) or placebo. The active drug and matching placebo will be compounded by Pfizer Inc. (New York, NY), the original producer and owner of Lipitor. To ensure that results will not be biased, neither the participants nor the researchers will know which patient belong to the placebo group, nor the statin group. Each patient will participate in the study for eight weeks. This study will be completed in no more than 2 years.