Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a disease that includes both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). It is a common, potentially lethal disorder that can occur among postoperative patients. Liver surgery implies a prothrombotic state, as a result of an alteration of the equilibrium between synthesis and use of pro and anti coagulant factors after a parenquimal resection. The use of antithrombotic prophylaxis following surgery is not standarized, and current practices vary depending on the attendant surgeon's particular experience or hospital's customs and habits.