The main reason underlying the inferior performance of warfarin in oncology patients is difficult dose titration. Drug interaction and hepatic dysfunction are common in patients on chemotherapy. Frequent interruptions of warfarin for invasive procedures and chemotherapy-induced-thrombocytopenia also lead to fluctuations in anticoagulation level. As a result, highs risk of recurrence of VTE and bleeding were observed in cancer patients taking warfarin. Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), on the other hand, may be an attractive alternative treatment to LMWH. They are administered at a fixed dose with predictable pharmacokinetics, so that therapeutic monitoring is not required. There is minimal food and drug interaction. They have been shown to be effective in the treatment of VTE in several pivotal randomized controlled trials in comparison with warfarin . However, their role in malignancy associated VTE is yet to be determined, because cancer patients were either excluded or very much underrepresented in these VTE treatment trials. Moreover, the non-inferiority of DOACs in VTE treatment was only demonstrated against warfarin, which is already shown to be suboptimal in oncology patients. A trial directly comparing DOACs with LMWH in malignancy associated VTE is therefore needed.