All cells will be grown in one of two media. Proliferation medium will be used during cell isolation and expansion and will consist of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. For mineralization studies, cells will be grown in osteogenic medium (OM) consisting of DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, 10mM β-glycerophosphate, 0.1μM dexamethasone, 50μg/ml ascorbic acid-2-phosphate.