Participants will need to return to the study center four times during the year for follow-up visits and tests. All participants will be told which group they were in when they come back for a follow-up visit one year after the procedure. Participants in the control group will be finished with the trial after one year. Participants in the treatment group will have a follow-up visit once a year for the next four years to monitor the longer term effects of the airway bypass procedure. This is why the end date of the trial is listed as 2012.