A clinical trial with lithium carbonate and magnesium valproate,conducted from 2009 to 2012 in 18 patients with diagnostic criteria of ALS compared to a sample of 31 contemporary patients who did not receive the drug showed functionnal stability and an increase in antioxidant defenses in subjects under double treatment. Despite the low level of evidence from this open study, the combination of clinical and biological results as well as the significant increase in survival of treated subjects invites us to conduct a study yielding harsh results on the efficacy of dual treatment.