Evaluation of the endometrial cavity is an important step in the infertility work-up, particularly if assisted reproductive therapy is planned. The aim is to identify possible endometrial abnormalities that may impair implantation.Undiagnosed endometrial abnormalities are present in 11 to 45% of women scheduled for in vitro fertilization (IVF).Traditionally, two dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (2D TVUS) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) are the basic methods for assessment of the endometrial cavity. However, these imaging modalities have shown high false negative rates among infertile women, a finding that could confine their rule to initial screening rather than definite diagnosis.