Endoscopy, barium contrast X-ray studies, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and transabdominal ultrasound (US) are currently the most common procedures used by gastroenterologists. The preferred manner of investigating GI inflammation includes endoscopy with biopsy, as only endoscopy can confirm the presence of inflammation. However, this procedure is highly invasive and limited to areas accessible to the endoscope. There are also limited but real risks associated with endoscopy. In addition, the cost of such a procedure may be prohibitive, or a qualified professional inaccessible, for some patients. Barium contrast X-ray studies remain the best way to visualize stricture and fistulae in the small intestine, but do not provide insight into the degree and extent of active inflammation. Repeated X-rays in chronic and younger patients also contribute to risk of irradiation. CT and MRI are the gold-standard for imaging extra-intestinal inflammatory disease, but fail in their ability to identify active inflammation. There have recently been many studies attempting to improve these means of assessing GI inflammation.