The participants of the study were chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis for more than 3 months, with a thrice-weekly, for 4 hours and using arteriovenous fistula. The inclusion criteria were residual diuresis less than 500 mL/day; hemodynamic stability during HD treatment (hypotension episodes in <15% of the sessions); good vascular access allowing a blood flow rate greater than 250 mL/min; a hemoglobin level greater than 9.0 g/dL, able to keep sitting and standing balance and walk without assistance, and to be already participating in the exercise program during dialysis.