3. History of type 2 DM or metabolic syndrome (meeting 2004 AHA/NHLBI definition*) at time of study enrollment; *includes any 3 of the following 5 diagnostic criteria: waist circumference ≥ 102 cm in men or 88 cm in women; triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl or on drug treatment for elevated triglycerides; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)< 40 mg/dL in men or < 50 mg/dL in women or on drug treatment for reduced HDL-C; systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mm Hg or on drug treatment for hypertension; and elevated fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL or on drug treatment for elevated glucose.