This study evaluated the effect of protein intake immediately after resistance exercise on lean mass, strength, and functional capacity gains in postmenopausal women. Participants were randomly assigned to protein-carbohydrate group (PC) (n=17), that ingested 30 g of whey protein immediately after exercise and 30 g of maltodextrin in the afternoon; and to carbohydrate-protein group (CP) (n=17), that ingested 30 g of maltodextrin immediately after exercise and 30 g of whey protein in the afternoon. Both groups performed the same resistance training protocol in the morning.