The baseline study will consist of data collected at individual (child), household (mother) and institutional (school) levels. Study methods will include: 1) a structured survey questionnaire delivered to teachers, school children, and their mothers; 2) In-depth interviews/focus groups with teachers, community members and NGO implementers; 3) data abstraction from school records; 4) anthropometric and cognitive measures of all primary school students, and 5) biological measures on a sub-sample of children. Programme staff will be consulted in the design and piloting of study instruments, and in thinking about how to best accommodate monitoring and evaluation activities into project design.