Protodioscin is the active ingredient found in the extract of the plant. Protodioscin increases levels of the hormones testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone. It boosts testosterone level via stimulating pituitary gland. Protodioscin acts by stimulating the enzyme 5- alpha-reductase, which plays a role in the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. Dihydrotestosterone, in turn enhances erythropoiesis and muscle development. More erythropoiesis or production of red blood cell increases the haemoglobin level, which results in better oxygen transport throughout the body, resulting in a more optimal health. Both increased production of testosterone contribute to the increase in sexual functions, and it increases unbound free testosterone levels, which improves muscle mass, fat loss, strength and endurance. In addition, protodioscin also stimulates the hypothalamus secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) which also helps to increase the level of testosterone.