The origin of the attention impairment may be amenable to sophisticated remediation approaches using a "bottom up, neuroscience based" visual training program (i.e., Posit Science, Inc. cognitive rehabilitation program), which has been successful in improving neurocognitive function in healthy older adults (e.g., Mahncke et al., 2006) and patients with Schizophrenia (e.g., Bell at al., 2008). By engaging Veterans with PTSD in targeted remediation, it is expected that both behavioral (seen in neuropsychological test gains) and neural activity (e.g., BOLD response through fMRI) will reflect the improvement and this may be linked to improved outcomes in daily functioning.