There are currently no studies that investigate the pre-pubic delivery approach in the United States. However, the largest series of cases in Europe using the pre-pubic system was done by Ulmsten (published in the European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology) 107 (2003) 205-207, titled " Pre-Pubic tension free vaginal tape application: an alternative to classic tension free vaginal tape application in selected patients with SUI."