South Africa has a high prevalence of HIV infection and a delay in or failure to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART). These facts, together with the largely unscreened status of the female population and the high incidence of cervical cancer all suggest that HPV infection and precursors to cervical cancer are both unusually common among South African women. Accurate current knowledge of the performance of newer generation HPV based screening tests in HIV-infected and general female population are essential for cost-analysis and planning for national prevention and screening programs. This study will aim to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of new generation HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) based screening assays in a South African setting.