Vortioxetine is a novel antidepressant with hypothetical multimodal mechanism of action. It is thought to work through a combination of multiple pharmacological modes of action: 5-HT (hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin) reuptake inhibition, 5-HT3 (hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin) and 5-HT7 (hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin) receptor antagonism, 5-HT1A (hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin) receptor agonism, and 5-HT1B (hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin) receptor partial agonism. In vivo nonclinical studies have demonstrated that vortioxetine enhances levels of the neurotransmitters 5-HT (hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine and histamine in specific areas of the brain. These affinities are all considered to be of clinical relevance and involved in the mechanism of action at therapeutic doses.