The study will be conducted in Kayunga district, located 80 km northeast of Kampala with a total population of 800000 (Uganda Housing and Population Census, 2002) of which 20 % is < 5 years. It is hyperendemic for malaria. The study population will consist of the children < 5 years and their caretakers. The study areas will be those without HOMAPAK being distributed at all.