Assuming a completion rate of 0.75, we estimate it will take 160 enrolled subjects (80 air, 80 saline) on each aircraft type to obtain the needed number of patients. Ornge transports approximately 1,000 intubated and mechanically ventilated patients each year, of which approximately 35% are transported by fixed and 65% by rotor wing. It take 4 to 6 months to complete the study in the fixed wing patient population, and 2 to 3 months in the rotor wing population.