Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, suspected neurogenic disease, stress predominant mixed urinary incontinence, continuous urinary leakage, previous anti-incontinence surgery, voiding dysfunction (PVR> 100 ml), genitourinary malignancies, current or previous behavioural therapy programs, previous or current use of antimuscarinic agents, symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse, severe co-morbidities such as congestive heart failure, chronic renal failure, impaired cognitive functions.