Besides, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) also named plasma platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), is the product of PLA2G7 gene and is an enzyme capable of inactivating platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent lipid mediator of inflammation and a potent vasoconstrictor, and its analogs. Several studies have evidenced an increase in PAF-AH mass and activity in hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease. In a recent meta-analysis including more than 70,000 patients from 32 epidemiologic studies, high circulating PAF-AH levels have been identified as an independent predictive risk factor for cardiovascular events. When over-expressed in rodents, Lp-PLA2 displayed anti-inflammatory properties and reduced atherogenesis, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory role of Lp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2 polymorphisms have been identified and Lp-PLA2 activity has been strongly associated with genetic variants related to LDL- cholesterol levels. In a preliminary study, the investigators have observed a diminished Lp-PLA2 activity in the plasma of PAH patients, together with low total and LDL-cholesterol levels.