Analysis of differential gene expression and functional analysis A consultant bioinformatics specialist within the Translational Obstetric Group will be available for statistical and analysis support for the gene expression data. Genes that are significantly dysregulated in the CMV infected cases compared with non-infected controls will be identified. Functional analyses of the differentially expressed genes will be performed using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) Version 9.0 software (Ingenuity; Redwood City, CA). Ingenuity is a manually-curated database that identifies over-represented biological processes in a given data set and calculates a significance score for each result using the right tailed Fisher's test. The investigators will also use a publicly available fetus-specific functional annotation "Developmental FunctionaL Annotation at Tufts" (DFLAT) that has previously been shown to enhance biological interpretation of perinatal datasets (http://dflat.cs.tufts.edu).2