3.1. Albumin ≥ 30 mg/24 hour in a 24 hour urine collection, or 3.2. Albumin ≥ 20 μg/min in a short-time urine collection, or 3.3. Albumin ≥ 30 mg/L in a spot urine sample, or 3.4. A spot-urine albumin-creatinine ration (ACR) ≥ 30 mg/g creatinine (≥ 2.5 mg/mmol creatinine in men, ≥ 3.5 mg/mmol creatinine in women)