Neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery seems hopeful to improve the survival of EC. Recently, the CROSS trial has demonstrated that preoperative chemoradiotherapy can significantly increased the overall survival of patients with EC compared with surgery alone. However,a recent meta-analysis has indicated that an increased risk of postoperative mortality and treatment-related mortality was apparent in ESCC with the treatment of neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.