A prospective, hospital-based study enrolling 100 chronic hepatitis C patients concomitant with hepatocellular carcinoma and other sex- and age-matched 100 chronic hepatitis C patients without malignancy will be conducted. The 100 chronic hepatitis C patients concomitant with hepatocellular carcinoma will receive pegylated interferon-alpha 2a plus ribavirin combination therapy at remission phase after oncological treatments and/or interventions. The other 100 chronic hepatitis C patients without malignancy receiving the same antiviral therapy will serve as controls. The primary outcome measurement is sustained virological response and safety, whilst the secondary measurement is rapid virological and early virological response.