Currently, there are no established 2nd-line or salvage chemotherapy regimens for patients with HRPC, many of whom retain an excellent performance status. The antitumor characteristics and toxicity profile of vinflunine make it an ideal agent to be investigated in this setting. In this Phase II trial, we plan to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and feasibility of administering IV vinflunine at a dose of 320 mg/m2 q3w as salvage chemotherapy in patients with HRPC. The patients will be evaluated for response, survival, and toxicity. If significant antitumor activity is demonstrated, further evaluation of this agent either alone or combination regimens and at earlier stages of disease will be indicated.