All participants from Phase I who agree to take part in Phase II will be randomized. The Investigators expect, based on experience from previous studies, an attrition rate of up to 10% following the first data collection session. Therefore, approximately 90 participants are expected to be randomized to the three arms (approximately 30/group). The power calculation is based on the Investigators pilot MRC study. The T2DM patients had diastolic strain rate of 1.5s-1 with standard deviation of 0.2 s-1. Based on this, 30 patients per group will have 80% power to detect a between group difference in peak early diastolic strain rate (PEDSR) of 0.2s-1 assuming alpha=0.025 (to allow for two primary comparisons, i.e. TDR vs standard care and exercise vs standard care) and a maximum 30% drop-out. Such an improvement would result in a strain rate (1.7 s-1) similar to that seen in the obese controls (1.8 s-1) but still lower than the lean controls (2.0 s-1).