The study patient will be considered a success if the duration of time in the sitting position results in no pre-delivery hypotension. The study patient will be considered a failure if the time spent in the sitting position results in pre-delivery hypotension. A patient will be considered an indeterminate result if the ice test fails to show a block reaching T6 by 15 minutes. A patient following a success will be left in the sitting position for 15 seconds less than the preceding patient, and the patient following a failure will be left in the sitting position for 15 seconds more than the preceding patient. A patient following an indeterminate result will remain in the sitting position for the same time as the preceding patient. The first patient in the series will be left in the sitting position for 3 minutes after the injection of the intrathecal medication.