Three systematic reviews and meta-analysis have examined the association between obesity (BMI >30kg/m2) and several GERD-related disorders, including 1) GERD symptoms, 2) erosive esophagitis "EE", and 3) esophageal adenocarcinoma "EA". Obesity is associated with a 1.5-to-2-fold increased risk of GERD symptoms and EE and a 2- to 2.5-fold increased risk of EA. In two large case-control studies, abdominal diameter (waist-hip ratio), but not BMI, is an independent risk factor for another GERD-related disorder, Barrett´s esophagus "BE".