- b) To be considered to be not of childbearing potential, a woman must either had undergone surgical sterilization (hysterectomy or bilateral tubal ligation) or be postmenopausal (at least one year without menses) at the time of vaccination. Effective methods of contraception include oral contraception (pill), intrauterine device, diaphragm or condoms used with sponge, contraceptive foam or cream, hormonal implants, transdermal patch, or parenteral contraception.