The World Health Organization, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and other global reproductive health organizations have recognized the highly protective effect of male circumcision to prevent HIV infection in men. Male Circumcision (MC) is the only new biomedical method to demonstrate consistent efficacy as an HIV prevention intervention in randomized controlled trials, based on three randomized controlled trials in Kenya, Uganda, and South Africa, that reported a protective effect of about 60%. Subsequent studies have confirmed the value and persistence of MC's protection against HIV infection, and have demonstrated that MC also reduces the transmission of human papillomavirus.