Overall objective of this work is to identify optical properties of healthy, diseased, dysplastic and malignant oral tissues, to compare these with conventional diagnostic approaches such as standard of care clinical techniques as well as semi-quantitative histo-pathological assessment and potential biomarkers in oral tissues and fluids to (1) gain a better understanding of processes involved in oral pathology and (2) develop a combined patient specific, non-invasive method for the detection, diagnosis and screening of oral pathology. Thus our goal is to identify and evaluate microstructural, metabolic, vascular, protein, genomic and metabolomics biomarkers of oral pathology can be used to detect, predict and map oral pathology, especially neoplasia.