Fifteen premature neonates of between 1-2 kilogram current weight, with gestational age at birth between 24-34 weeks, and receiving non-invasive ventilation will be enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria will be as follows: respiratory insufficiency currently requiring non-invasive ventilation (either NIPPV or NAVA), current FiO2 requirement less than 0.40, and clinical stability. Exclusion criteria will be as follows: ionotropic support, clinical instability (temperature instability, heart failure, bleeding, active infection, significant apnea or bradycardia), known major congenital anomalies (congenital heart disease, abdominal wall defects, gastrointestinal tract defects, cleft palate, or neurologic defects), known cystic fibrosis, nitric oxide use, and cyanotic congenital heart disease.