The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) provide innervation to the enteric ganglia, the circular muscles of sphincters, and the mucosa of the stomach and intestines. The SNS also negatively regulate the motor and secretory functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Browning and Travagli (2014) reported that the absence of sympathetic inhibitory innervation causes excessive and uncoordinated activity in the GI tract. Indicating that a preserved ANS (autonomic nervous system) regulation of the GI tract is crucial for the maintenance of normal GI motility.