Other tissues: In some circumstances, a subject may have undergone or will undergo a clinical procedure yielding bodily tissues or fluids (e.g. a muscle, tumor biopsy, spinal tap). If this is the case, nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) and proteins can be extracted for study. Furthermore, there may be rare cases where comparisons between blood DNA & tissue DNA/RNA is needed (e.g. a mutation identified is predicted to affected splicing which can only be verified by studying the RNA from tissues).