An effective supplement or alternative to medication management is lifestyle modification. Conventional lifestyle modification focuses on reducing body fat and insulin resistance through weight reduction from caloric restriction and aerobic exercise. Sustained routine application of this approach is limited because some individuals do not need to lose weight, some do not want to lose weight, others cannot lose weight, and when successful, lifelong weight reduction is difficult to sustain. A useful paradigm shift in lifestyle treatment of t2d might be to go from reducing calories to reducing postprandial glucose (PPG), the primary contributor to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).