DME was present in 7 eyes, 6 of which were refractory to previous treatment with laser photocoagulation. DME was classified as severe in 6 eyes (range of macular thickness 420-720 μm) and as mild in 1 eye (macular thickness of 290 μm after vitrectomy). A dense epiretinal membrane was present in 2 eyes with severe DME. BCVA at baseline was profoundly impaired, ranging from 'hand motion' to 0.1 at the Snellen chart. At one month after the first infliximab infusion, macular thickness had decreased in 5 from 7 eyes from [mean(SD)]503 (171) to 426 (165) μm (p=0.033). The 2 eyes with coexisting epiretinal membranes did not improve. Two months after the second infusion, the macular thickness had further regressed to 330 (134) μm (range 170 to 515 μm, p=0.028, compared to baseline). The BCVA was increased in all 5 eyes from a baseline mean at the Snellen chart of 0.03 to 0.15 (logMAR 1.42 (0.45) to 0.82 (0.27), p=0.01).