Patients undergoing general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation during major abdominal surgery commonly develop pulmonary atelectasis or even hyperdistension of the lungs can occur leading to adverse consequences either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Lung protective ventilation (LPV, PEEP = 6 cmH2O, TV = 6 mL/Kg IBW and regular recruitments) during the intraoperative period can reduce the risk of ventilator induced lung injury (VILI) and prevent the formation of pulmonary atelectasis.