This large-scale collaborative project provides the means to acquire the necessary new knowledge directly in humans. Knowledge will be acquired using diverse state-of-the-art genomic and proteomic technologies, a highly complex clinical, proteomic, and genomic database, as well as newly-developed, novel analytical tools to probe this complex dataset. Our analytical capabilities at the genomic and proteomic level are now rapidly evolving and our ability to link these genomic and proteomic data to pathways and functional modules will help us more closely link this cellular data to immunological processes and ultimately, to the phenotypic response (i.e., trajectory) in the injured host. As a result, potential interventions, whether through our Program or other funding mechanisms, can be more effectively designed.