To date there has been limited data published on neonatal and PS in SSA. Nwomeh et al undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of neonatal surgery in SSA and identified just 13 prospective studies and 38 retrospective studies between 1995 - 2014. The majority of these were single institutional studies, many with limited numbers. The results highlight poor outcomes with mortality rates of over 50-100% for conditions such as gastroschisis, which has mortality rates consistently under 4% in high-income countries. Similarly, the limited literature on PS in SSA highlights significantly poorer outcomes for common conditions such as appendicitis, intussusception and inguinal hernia.