Recall protocol Six-month and one-year follow-up appointments were scheduled. Patients, who were not aware of the type of capping material received, were questioned about pain, sensitivity, and mastication discomfort. Clinical examinations were performed to detect soft tissue swelling, sinus tract, the integrity of the coronal restoration, and tooth mobility. The review visits were performed blindly by another operator. Radiographical examinations were also performed to evaluate the periapical status, the formation of the dentine bridge, pulpal calcifications, or canal obliteration. Tooth vitality was monitored by cold tests. Treatment was considered successful based on the following features: absence of severe spontaneous pain, no discomfort while eating, no soft tissue swelling, mobility that was no greater than grade I, the absence of periapical rarefaction, internal or external resorption, root canal obliteration, and normal viability following direct pulp capping or partial pulpotomy.