Background: Atherosclerosis is the main cause for premature morbidity and mortality in the western world. It becomes evident that one of the main causes for development of atherosclerosis is the presence of low grade, internal inflammation. The inflammatory process leads to endothelial dysfunction, the early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The inflammatory process is known to be induced by several factors such as obesity, recurring infections, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle. It was found that weight reduction decreased sub clinical inflammation. It was also found that the composition of the diet affects the inflammatory process.