Recurrence in the bladder after management of UTUC occurs in 22-47% of UTUC patients [Xylinas et al., 2012; Zigeuner et al., 2006; Novara et al., 2008], compared with 2-6% in the contralateral upper tract [Li et al., 2010; Novara et al., 2009]. At our institution, we reported that 30.8% of UTUC patients developed intravesical recurrence, which was in line with the global trend [Fang et al., 2013]. Although the risk factors for development of bladder tumor post surgical management of UTUC were previously studied, considerable variations were observed in the literature. In previously published studies, we pointed out that lower tumor grade, tumor multifocality, concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), tumors located in the lower ureter, ureteroscopy history and unmethylated promoter of GDF15 and RASSF1A promoters were considered as predictors to develop bladder recurrence after surgery by univariate and multivariate analysis [Fang et al., 2013, Xiong et al., 2015]. As an effective tool to evaluate UTUCs visually or by biopsy, ureteroscopy was selectively used in early UTUC patients without atypical radiography. It was our hypothesis that retrograde flow, increased urine flow rate and intraluminal pressure might lead to the shedding of tumor cells (intraluminal tumor seeding is thought to contribute to intravesical recurrence after nephroureterectomy), which implant in the bladder to develop recurrences [Xiong et al., 2015].