RA is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues. It occurs in all races and ethnic groups and affects about two to three times as many women as men. Variations in certain genes that play a role in the immune system are associated with a tendency to develop RA. Some individuals without these genetic variations may develop this disease, while others who possess the variations never develop RA. Scientists believe that some environmental factors may play a part in triggering the disease process in people whose genetic makeup makes them susceptible to RA. This registry of African Americans with early RA will provide clinical and x-ray data and DNA to help scientists analyze genetic and nongenetic factors that might predict disease course and outcomes of RA in this population.