This will be an open-randomised non-inferiority study to test the hypothesis that the risk of recurrent parasitaemia after 42 days is not worse in the group receiving the Artesunate-Amodiaquine (ASAQ) regimen than in the group receiving the Artemether-Lumefantrine (Coartem®) regimen. Children with uncomplicated malaria meeting the inclusion criteria will be enrolled (after their parent/caretaker has given informed consent), treated on site with the drugs under evaluation and followed-up for a period of 42 days. Drugs will be given under direct supervision, either at the clinic or at home. Follow-up shall consist of a fixed schedule of clinical and laboratory examinations. Based on clinical and laboratory findings, children will be classified as therapeutic failures (early or late) or adequate responders.