We hypothesize that epidemiologic, clinical, biologic, and morphologic complimentary data could improve the stratification of cardiovascular risk in NVAF. Biologic and echocardiographic approaches, in particular, could improve the performance of routinely used clinical scores. Consequently, identification of a state of inflammation, hypercoagulability, or increased circulating concentrations of certain biomarkers could explain the increased risk of cardiovascular events in AF. Furthermore, the morphologic repercussions of NVAF, including left atrium dilation and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, as well as the presence of left atrial appendage stasis indicators, could also help refine the risk stratification.