There is a long tradition in neonatology to develop national and in some cases local guidelines for care in each individual Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). This has resulted in a wide range of treatment approaches and experience-based strategies. These approaches may differ between countries and hospitals and even between neonatologists at the same hospital. There is, for example, a fragmented approach and incomplete compliance to guidelines for nutrient delivery, one important medical parameter tightly associated with neonatal morbidities. Although over 3000 randomized controlled trials have been reported in the field of neonatology, few interventions have yet been subjected to unbiased evaluation.