The investigators modeled maternal employment as a 3-category variable: formally employed, informally employed, and non-employed based on prior research which suggests: 1) a large proportion of women in LMIC are engaged in less formalized employment and 2) wages earned are more than 60% lower in the informal sector. Women are described as non-employed because this term includes persons who choose to not seek employment whereas unemployed describes persons without jobs who are actively seeking employment.