This was an open-label (doctors and patients knew which drug was being administered), non-randomized (patients were assigned to treatment), multi-center pilot study with the objective to investigate the effectiveness of PROCRIT (Epoetin alfa) on hematopoietic response (effect on red blood cells) when administered at 60,000 Units subcutaneously (under the skin) every two weeks in anemic patients with cancer who were not receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy.