Dopamine inhibits lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure and gastroduodenal motility. Expression of dopamine receptors in human LES has been shown by Liu et al. Certain dopamine antagonists e.g. metoclopramide and domperidone, elicit an increase in LES pressure and stimulate gastroduodenal motility and gastric emptying. It has been consequently proven to be of value in certain cases of gastroparesis, and in relieving nausea and vomiting. Dopamine antagonists also appear to be useful in the management of reflux oesophagitis.