Based on the increased incidence of hyponatremia in children undergoing surgery, the paediatric anaesthesia societies [Society of Paediatric Anesthesia (SPA), Paediatric Anaesthesia Society of Great Britain and European society of Paediatric Anesthesia (ESPA)] put forward guidelines for the type and amount of fluid to be administered during surgery.Since then normal saline is the commonly used fluid during the perioperative period.However recent studies have shown that the use of normal saline is associated with development of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and poor outcome.