The ability of the drug to effect baseline HCV RNA levels over the study duration will be evaluated using a conventional PCR-based assay. If there are promising results from this phase of the clinical trial (viz., a 2 log decrease in HCV RNA levels from baseline within study surveillance), it will provide the rational basis for additional clinical testing of AVI-4065 Injection among HCV patients that are treatment refractory (viz., relapsers and non-responders).