This 2 arm study will evaluate the efficacy of intravenous Mircera treatment for the correction of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease who are on dialysis. Patients will be randomized to receive either Mircera 0.6 micrograms/kg i.v. every 2 weeks, or epoetin 3 times per week i.v. according to approved treatment recommendations. The anticipated time on study treatment is 3-12 months, and the target sample size is 100-500 individuals.