We propose a cluster randomized, controlled, open label trial to assess the effectiveness of unsupervised versus supervised primaquine treatment in patients with uncomplicated malaria. Since the risk of recurrent P. vivax is high in patients with either P. vivax or P. falciparum, both infections will be included in the study. The study will be conducted in Mimika, in the southern part of Papua Province, Indonesia. Participants will be enrolled at village health posts and provided with schizontocidal treatment plus primaquine radical cure which will be either supervised or unsupervised depending on which cluster the clinic is in. Participants will be followed up for 6 months and assessed in regular intervals for the presence of patent and sub-patent malaria. The outcome of the study will contribute to an improved treatment scheme for uncomplicated malaria in this area.