The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab is currently FDA approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma based on superiority to either agent alone5. The results of a phase I study evaluating combination therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab in patients with advanced NSCLC (NCT01454102) were presented at the annual American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meeting in 20166. Dosing of nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 6 weeks yielded an objective response rate (ORR) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 of 39%, with one-year survival rate of 69% and grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse event rate of 33%. These results prompted an ongoing phase III study comparing this regimen to standard first line chemotherapy, nivolumab monotherapy or combination therapy with chemotherapy and nivolumab for patients with advanced NSCLC (NCT02477826).