This study is exploratory in nature and is designed to be hypothesis generating to support the design of future studies. A total of 200 women diagnosed with a pelvic mass (defined as a simple, complex or a solid ovarian cyst / pelvic mass) who are scheduled for a laparotomy or laparoscopy for removal of the pelvic mass will be enrolled for evaluation of the primary and exploratory endpoints. An initial evaluation of the data will be conducted after identification of 15 evaluable subjects with histopathologically confirmed ovarian cancer. It is estimated that 50 - 100 subjects will be required to obtain a minimum of 15 evaluable subjects with histopathologically confirmed ovarian cancer. The remainder of the women enrolled (expected to be ~100 - 150 subjects) will be used to verify the findings from the initial evaluation (i.e. correlation of the markers with the absence or presence of malignancy) and to refine the assay/algorithm.