Tuberculosis and vitamin D deficiency are important public health problems in India. In recently published studies from our center, up to 90% of the apparently healthy subjects in Delhi were classified either as as vitamin D insufficient or deficient by using serum 25(OH)D cut off levels of 20 ng/ml and 32 ng/ml respectively. Before the advent of effective antitubercular therapy, patients with tuberculosis were advised treatment and rest at sanatorium where sunshine was available in plenty. In the western literature, there have been reports associating vitamin D deficiency with tuberculosis in terms of incidence and beneficial response following addition of vitamin D to antitubercular therapy. A few pilot studies have shown that sputum conversion rate is higher in patients with tuberculosis supplemented with vitamin D.