The investigators will recruit TS patients into the TRN Registry and obtain blood and/or saliva samples after informed consent. The genetic diagnosis of TS will be confirmed using chromosomal microarrays. The array data will be also be used to identify genomic copy number variants, and rare variants in protein coding genes will be determined by exome sequencing. The investigators will derive induced pluripotent stem cells from some participants to determine why BAV is so prevalent in TS. BAV risk genes will be identified in comparisons between TS cases with and without BAV. To facilitate these comparisons, the investigators will abstract the demographic and medical data of registry participants from questionnaires and medical records. Imaging will be used to confirm the diagnosis of BAV and to determine the prevalence and severity of additional cardiovascular defects.