The objective of randomisation is to ensure balance between intervention and comparison areas in terms of population and geographical characteristics and coverage of health interventions and programmes. The sampling units (unions) will be stratified according to upazila. If any union has a total population of less then 12,000 (the minimum required to obtain an adequate sample of neonates) they will either be excluded or if such exclusion results in fewer than 20 unions being available for randomisation then two such small unions will be merged and considered as a single sampling unit. Equal number of unions for intervention or comparison will be selected from each upazila. Within each upazila, unions will be paired on distance from the upazila health complex and members of each pair be randomly selected for intervention or comparison.