APPROACH: During Stage 1A, the team conducted a series of separate focus groups with an expert panel (including researchers, clinicians, and service providers); our Community Advisory Board; HIV+, substance-using, postpartum women; and HIV-, substance-using, postpartum women. We first inquired about how we could adapt the existing measures in the instrumentation, adapt the intervention to address issues of substance-using women who were pregnant, and determine the fidelity of its delivery. After this first set of focus groups, the Woman-Focused manual, measures, and intervention were revised to reflect new adaptations. Then the second set of focus groups with the same members were conducted for review of these materials and fidelity measures. Feedback was solicited to verify our adaptations and then it was pretested to further refine and finalize the manual and measures.