Historically, for those veterans who access treatment for combat-related PTSD, the largest treatment trials of pharmacologic, outpatient psychotherapy, and residential treatment programs have not shown these treatments to be very effective. More recently, the Institute of Medicine has recommended prolonged exposure therapy as the most validated of PTSD treatments. However, rural OIF/OEF veterans are hindered by travel distance and the time commitment necessary to receive such recommended treatments. The VA Office of Rural Health reported that VHA enrollees from OIF/OEF were more likely to live in rural areas. Thus, new treatments and new treatment delivery methods are urgently needed.