Potential risks and benefits for participants The primary risks involved in this research project are: a) loss of confidentiality, b) discomfort talking about problems caused by loved one with a substance use problems, c) potential disclosure of own substance use problems, and c) potential for conflict between the subject and loved one. Steps have been taken to minimize the likelihood of these risks and to ameliorate them if they are present. Past studies have assessed for level of conflict and instituted safety plans in case domestic violence should be imminent or occur.