Patients with end-stage renal failure and existing, or a history of known, arterial hypertension have a clearly increased mortality because of cardiovascular events in comparison with a normal population. So far there are no medicaments that have been demonstrated in studies to reduce the mortality of patients with dialysis-dependent renal failure. In a preliminary study there were indications that calcium channel blockers, and in particular amlodipine, lead to a reduction of cardiovascular mortality.