The AKI is a frequent complication in critically ill patients, with a reported incidence of up to 30-40% of patients entering these units. There is a directly proportional relationship between the incidence of AKI and a substantial increase in the morbidity and mortality of patients who develop it. In-hospital mortality has been reported at 35% and at 90 days up to 34%. Although AKI has a multifactorial origin, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) represents an independent risk factor for the development of AKI because it exerts several deleterious effects on renal perfusion and systemic inflammation. In addition, critically ill patients with IMV who will develop AKI have an increased risk of death, so the development of strategies to reduce the risk of AKI in this group of patients is of great importance.