Serotype distribution and estimation of antimicrobial resistance in S. pneumoniae isolates and anticipated PCV7 and PCV13 coverage is difficult in Greece, because invasive isolates collected each year are limited and depict a certain proportion of patients who have easy access to tertiary care or have underlying medical reasons which necessitate inpatient care. It is also probable that the real burden of pneumococcal disease is not well estimated especially among adults. New additions in the laboratory setting such as the pneumococcal urine antigen assay (Binax NOW®) and the Urinary Antigen Diagnostic Assay (Luminex) for the detection of 13 serotype specific polysaccharides in human urine developed by Pfizer might be helpful in identifying more pneumococcal infections compared to the previous years. This NIS is based on the unmet scientific need to describe the serotype distribution and the resistance profile of isolates from X-Ray confirmed CAP in the present circumstances.