1. Patient including & excluding Criteria Including: Those were diagnosed to have gastro-esophageal variceal bleeding after endoscopic examination. No evidence suggestive of infection was found including: 1)fever more than 37.5。C, 2)leucocytosis with WBC > 15000 mm3 or immature neutrophils > 500 mm3, 3)PMN of ascites more than 250/mm3，4)urinalysis, WBC > 15 WBC/HPF, 5)suspected pneuminia in CXR.