Study Aims: As a result, this research will use a pragmatic randomized trial to determine the comparative effectiveness of patient-driven TM versus HC versus EC for African-American adults with uncontrolled diabetes and multiple chronic conditions in MUA with an emphasis on identifying and quantifying important interactions between key baseline characteristics and treatment arm. Specific aims include: Aim 1-Quantify the effectiveness of TM, HC, and EC in improving the primary outcome measures (diabetes self-care activities related to general diet, exercise and medication adherence); Aim 2-Determine the contributions of six key, baseline patient characteristics: 1) urban vs. rural residence, 2) health literacy, 3) medical complexity, 4) social complexity, 5) smart vs. cell phone ownership, and 6) age, to the comparative effectiveness of TM, HC, and EC; and Aim 3-Quantify the effectiveness of TM, HC, and EC in improving secondary outcomes of average blood sugar, quality of life, and primary care engagement. The long-term objectives are to disseminate and foster implementation of the results of this research in MUA nationwide to improve critical self-care supports in primary care for our most vulnerable populations.