Myocardial ischemia is one on the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the United States. The initial injury to the myocardium is due to a state of imbalance when oxygen demand exceeds supply. This is most pronounced in the cases of sudden total occlusion of a coronary artery that results in myocardial injury and necrosis (AMI). The main stay of the therapy in these cases is the restoration of the flow to the ischemic myocardium by means of reperfusion therapy such as thrombolysis or mechanical revascularization. Interestingly, there is data to suggest that sudden restoration of blood flow to the ischemic myocardium may cause another form of myocardial injury ,known as reperfusion injury.