Only approximately 50% of ICU patients have been shown to respond to volume expansion in studies designed to examine fluid responsiveness.9 Ideally, Intensivists would have access to a cheap, reliable, continuously operating, non-invasive, and user friendly device so that fluid could be administered until their patient is no longer fluid responsive. Stroke volume could be maximized via the Frank-Starling relationship and over resuscitation with its potential deleterious effects could be avoided. Although measurement of thermodilution cardiac output by the Pulmonary Artery Catheter (PAC) is considered the "gold standard" by which new devices are validated, it has a waning role in modern ICUs. Existing technologies such as Esophageal Doppler, Transpulmonary Indicator Dilution, and Arterial-Pressure-Waveform-Derived methods, while not as invasive as a PAC, are still invasive procedures. Echocardiography is an excellent tool, however assessing for fluid responsiveness requires advanced training beyond a qualitative approach and it can be difficult to obtain optimal windows in critically ill patients. Thus, current methods for assessment of fluid responsiveness are suboptimal.