EXERCISE INTERVENTION TRIAL. With few exceptions, which are restricted primarily to studies of comprehensive in-patient rehabilitation, little systematic attention has been given to evaluating strategies for improving functioning, bone, and muscle post-hip fracture. Strategies that have been shown to improve bone, muscle, and function in older persons who have not fractured a hip may be useful if applied to persons following hip fracture. Exercise is one of the strategies that have received considerable attention. Exercise training in older adults also has beneficial effects on bone density, muscle strength, and physical functioning, as well as cardiovascular fitness, and risk reduction for falls and fractures. An exercise program that combines weight-bearing and resistance exercises can increase bone mineral content in postmenopausal women. Little information is available on whether a home-based exercise program can be used to achieve similar benefits compared to a more structured, on-site exercise program. This issue is particularly relevant in older, frail women who have sustained a hip fracture because many are unable and unwilling to travel to exercise facilities.