Noise-induced hearing loss affects an estimated 5% of the worldwide population, with 30-40 million Americans exposed to hazardous sound or noise levels regularly. Sources of noise may be occupational, blast noise, or recreational. Trauma to the inner ear can occur through transient hearing loss or permanent hearing loss. Although hearing recovers after temporary transient hearing loss, growing evidence suggests that repeated temporary transient hearing loss may lead to a permanent hearing loss. Currently, there are no treatments and there are no known medications that can be used clinically to prevent noise-induced hearing loss in humans.