Iron overload is surprisingly common after HSCT. The pathophysiology of iron overload or siderosis is related to transfusional iron, inhibition of normal erythropoiesis and released iron stores from hepatocytes, tumour cells and bone marrow. It is associated with chronic liver disease in this patient population, as well as with increased rates of infection. Studies suggest that iron overload may also affect survival in this population, as has been shown in other populations who are susceptible to iron overload such as those with thalassemia and hereditary hemochromatosis (1,2).