We have chosen a bolus of 30ml/kg Lactated Ringer's solution over one hour as the regimen for two reasons primarily. The first is that in a clinical scenario of sepsis or septic shock a 30ml/kg bolus is typical.[2] Therefore this protocol simulates what actually happens during the care of a septic patient. A second reason for the selection of a substantial quantity of LR given over a short time interval is to ensure detection of any change in serum lactate concentration secondary to this fluid bolus, if there is one to be found. A smaller quantity of LR over a shorter time span may result in a false negative result.