Gingivitis is a specific oral infectious disease that affects approximately 50% of the adult population on an average of 3 to 4 teeth. Although dental plaque is the primary etiology of most periodontal diseases, patients are not equally susceptible and do not respond similarly to professional care. Therefore, assessing the future risk of patients for developing gingivitis with possible subsequent progression to chronic periodontitis may help the clinician in elaborating a more accurate and suitable treatment plan for the patients and a better assessment of their prognoses. In fact, the prevention of plaque-induced gingivitis is still considered the first step in the maintenance of periodontal health.