Investigators plan to recruit 15-20 neonates who are 24-34 weeks gestation with respiratory insufficiency. Based on the results in the animal model, a 30% reduction in the primary outcome is expected. Since the average phase angle was found to be variable among preterm infants (ranged from 2.8-162.9), there are several scenarios of the sample size and power calculation presented for analysis [Ulm]. A sample size of 15 neonates achieves 82% power to detect a 30% change in the primary outcome with an estimated standard deviation of differences of 18.8, 37.5, or 56.3 respectively for an average phase angle of 50, 100, and 150 degrees with the use of NIPPV. All calculations assume a significance level of 0.05 using a two-sided paired t-test.