In 2002, we confirmed this experimental data with a paper published in the New England Journal of Medicine in which we demonstrated in recurrent male hypercalciuric stone formers followed up for 5 years, that a normal calcium, low-salt, low-protein diet had the power to reduce both the calciuria and the stone recurrences much more significantly than a low-calcium diet (12). Obviously it was not possible to separate the effect of the restriction of sodium from the restriction of protein. Both diets were accompanied by the recommendation to drink water, the effectiveness of which had already been demonstrated in first-episode stone formers in a previous study randomized with a follow-up of 5 years conducted on 199 stone formers and 101 controls (13).