In a post hoc analysis of 816 CABG patients from a multicenter study (7), aprotinin administration was associated with a significantly (P = 0.04) decreased incidence of stroke (3.1% vs. 0.0%). A meta-analysis (8) of placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind studies of CABG patients receiving high-dose aprotinin or placebo has supported the hypothesis and reported stroke incidence of 4.2% vs. 0%. A number of prospective studies have shown reduction in post cardiac surgery cognitive deficits when aprotinin was administered during CPB (9-10).