Cognitive and neurological dysfunction after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is common and multi-factorial in origin. Causative factors include cerebral Embolization (1), cerebral ischemia reperfusion (2), cerebral hyperthermia after discontinuation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (3), and the systemic inflammatory response to CPB (4). Cognitive dysfunction is reported in 53% of patients at discharge from the hospital, 36% at six weeks and 42% at five years (5). Cognitive function at discharge from hospital is a predictor of long-term cognitive outcome (5). Adverse neurological outcome has been classified as: type I (focal neurological injury, stupor or coma) and type II (deterioration in intellectual function, memory deficit or seizures). Patients with adverse cerebral outcomes have greater in-hospital mortality, longer hospitalization and a greater rate of discharge to facilities for intermediate or long-term care (6). Adverse neurological outcome after otherwise successful surgery is devastating for the patient, their family and society.