This randomized study will test a behavioral intervention, based on social cognitive theory (SCT), to improve regimen adherence in three different groups of people with type 2 diabetes; (1) those with well controlled blood glucoses and no concurrent chronic renal insufficiency, (2) those with less well-controlled glucoses and no chronic renal insufficiency, and (3) those with chronic renal insufficiency regardless of glucose control. The primary aims of this study are to: (1)determine whether the intervention improves behavioral adherence to the diabetes self-management regimen including dietary adherence, physical activity, and capillary glucose self-monitoring; (2)determine whether the intervention improves clinical outcomes; (3) explore the extent to which self-efficacy is a mediator of adherence,(4) explore the extent to which the effectiveness of the intervention varies with respect to glycemic control and nephrovascular complications at baseline, and (5)explore the impact of a variety of covariates on the effectiveness of the intervention.