The oral cavity has been found to play an important role in monitoring the progression of HIV infection. The occurrence of specific lesions, mainly oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia, is strongly associated with a low CD4 cell count and a higher plasma viral load. Furthermore, even though the prevalence of specific oral lesions like candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) has been found to be lower among patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), other oral lesions such as warts have been found to be more prevalent in this population. In addition, saliva has been shown to harbor viral particles, antibodies, and cytokines, and may represent an easily and noninvasively collected specimen for various diagnostic assays, including early diagnosis of HIV. The purpose of this study is to establish a set of standardized practices for examining and diagnosing oral mucosal lesions and to establish a correlation between the amount of HIV found in the saliva with viral load.