Surprisingly, there are little data available in the literature on smoking cessation intervention for this specific disease group. Also, no specific information on the efficacy and safety of new pharmacological support for smokers with diabetes can be found. Varenicline is a partial agonist of the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that causes partial stimulation while it competitively inhibits nicotine binding. Recently, randomized, controlled clinical trials have shown that varenicline at a dose of 1 mg twice a day is superior to placebo for smoking cessation (19-21). Varenicline appears to be also more effective than sustained-release bupropion (19). Data from these trials indicate that the most common adverse event attributed to varenicline at a dose of 1 mg twice daily is nausea (19,20). However, the efficacy and safety of varenicline has never been tested in diabetic smokers.