Hip fracture is a major public health problem with striking consequences for the older adult, his or her family, and the health care system. By the year 2040, over 650,00 hip fractures will occur annually in older adults over the age 65. Many surviving the hip fracture will have decreased functional performance and be unable to live independently in the community. Moreover, the greatest loss in bone density and muscle strength occurs in the first two months post hip fracture. Recovery following a hip fracture has been shown to be greatly facilitated by participation in a rehabilitation program, and continued participation in a regular exercise program can increase functional recovery, muscle strength, and prevent future fractures. Despite the benefits of exercise, it is difficult to initiate exercise activity in older adults, and helping them adhere to an exercise regime is even more challenging. Self-efficacy, a belief in the individual's capabilities to perform a course of action to attain a desired outcome, and outcome expectancy, the belief that carrying out behavior will lead to a desired outcome, are hypothesized to be critical factors in adhering to a regular exercise program.