All patients entering the screening process will be assigned a consecutive screening number. The screening form (Appendix 5.2) will be used to record the general information and the clinical observations of each patient being screened. Each patient will be assessed again for danger signs and signs of severe malaria. Middle-upper arm circumference (MUAC) will then be used as a screening tool for malnutrition. An initial clinical assessment will be done including inclusion and exclusion criteria, previous treatment history (including ingestion of any anti-malarial drugs), clinical examination and weight-for-height on children with MUAC <125 mm.