3. Tumor stage must be T3N0M0, T1-3 N1M0 assessed by clinical exam, TRUS, MRI and CT. Pre-operative evidence of T4, N2 or distal lesions (0-6 cm from anal verge) should receive preoperative RT and not be offered this protocol. Any pT4, pN2 or CRM+ patients should be offered postoperative radiation