BRCA mutations Germline BRCA2 mutations are the genetic events that confer the highest risk of PCa known to date (8.6-fold in men ≤65 years) whilst the effect of BRCA1 is more modest (3.5-fold). Germline BRCA2 and BRCA1 mutations are present in 1.2% and 0.44% of sporadic PCa cases, respectively. Deleterious germline mutations in both the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have been associated with more aggressive disease and poor clinical outcomes.