Nimotuzumab is a humanized monoclonal anti-body targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Clinical trials are ongoing globally to evaluate nimotuzumab in different indications. Nimotuzumab has demonstrated a unique clinical profile, where anti-tumor activity was observed in absence of severe skin, renal, gastrointestinal mucosa toxicities commonly associated with EGFR-targeting antibodies. Nimotuzumab has been granted approval for use in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN), glioma and nasopharyngeal cancer in many countries. The investigators compared docetaxel plus nimotuzumab with docetaxel alone in chemotherapy-refractory/resistant patients with advanced EGFR-positive non-small-cell lung cancer to assess the efficacy and safety.