The investigators propose that in predisposed individuals, migraine attacks occur due to exuberant innate immune system activation nearby the trigeminal nerve and other cranial nerves. The innate immunity activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines [nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)], and to the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which produces neuro-inflammation, causing headache and various migraine-associated symptoms.