Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is only successful in treating HIV when people take all the medications prescribed to them when and how they are instructed. However, a third or more of patients on ART are not able to adhere to their medication regimens. Therefore, making sure that these patients stay healthy involves making sure they are motivated and informed about the importance of adhering to their ART. Nurses can deliver interventions to motivate and inform patients through regularly scheduled phone calls. These calls allow nurses to check in between clinic visits, are convenient to patients, and are cost efficient. This study tested an enhanced telephone support intervention provided by nurses that aimed to improve ART adherence and treatment outcomes.