Blood samples were centrifuged at 2955 g for 15 min. Sera were transferred into plain polypropylene tubes and stored at −20°C until assayed. P, 17OHP, AS, DHEA, and TS were determined by LC-MS/MS at the laboratory of the Centre for Applied Biomedical Research of the S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.