69. The former system, based on scrutiny by the judge within his or her own chambers of the case files, has been replaced by an adversarial and oral system based on open and public trials in which the judge presides over the hearings and performs an independent role, functioning as a neutral moderator rather than as an investigator.
69. The former system, based on scrutiny by the judge within his or her own chambers of the case files, has been replaced by an adversarial and oral system based on open and public trials in which the judge presides over the hearings and performs an independent role, functioning as a neutral moderator rather than as an investigator.