54. Combating torture in China is further impeded by the absence of essential procedural safeguards necessary to make its prohibition effective, including: the effective exclusion of evidence from statements established to be made as a result of torture; the presumption of innocence; the privilege against self-incrimination; the right to remain silent; timely notice of reasons for detention or arrest; prompt external review of detention or arrest; granting of noncustodial measures, such as bail; the right of habeas corpus; timely access to counsel; and adequate time and facilities to prepare a defence.
54. 在中国，由于缺乏有效禁止酷刑的基本程序性保障，进一步阻碍了反酷刑工作。 这些保障包括：有效排除酷刑产生的供词中所取得的证据；无罪推定；62有权不自证其罪；有权保持沉默；63及时通知被拘留或逮捕原因；及时由外部复核拘留或逮捕；采取非拘押措施，如取保，人身保护权；及时会见律师；并有充足的时间和手段准备辩护。