انشأ لويس ثلاثة ممالك كارولينجيه جديدة (Carolingian Kingships) لأبنائه من الزواج الأول : لوثار كان ملك إيطاليا وشارك الامبراطور ،بيبين ملك أكيتان، ولويس الثاني ملك بافاريا.
Meanwhile in 817, Louis had established three new Carolingian Kingships for his sons from his first marriage: Lothar was made King of Italy and co-Emperor, Pepin was made King of Aquitaine, and Louis the German was made King of Bavaria.