* "Devsirme" in "Encyclopaedia of the Orient"* Website on the Ottoman empire - original German version; here its Janissary page (to be further exploited)* Papoulia, B.D., "Ursprung und Wesen der “knabenlese” im Osmanischen Reich".
==See also==*Caste*Cantonist recruitment in Russia*Culture of the Ottoman Empire*Mamluk*Millet system*Janissary==Annotations====References=====Sources=====External links==* "Devsirme" in "Encyclopaedia of the Orient"* Website on the Ottoman empire - original German version; here its Janissary page (to be further exploited)* Papoulia, B.D., "Ursprung und Wesen der “knabenlese” im Osmanischen Reich".