The Court has in fact consistently ruled that aid to an undertaking may be such as to affect trade between the Member States and distort competition even if the beneficiary undertaking does not participate in intra-Union trade itself.
Euroopa Kohus on tegelikult järjekindlalt leidnud, et ettevõtjale antav abi võib kahjustada liikmesriikidevahelist kaubandust ja moonutada konkurentsi isegi siis, kui abi saav ettevõtja ise ei osale liidusiseses kaubanduses.