Summer crises are a familiar feature of European history – and of financial history. Indeed, the twentieth century was shaped by three summer crises, whose seriousness was heightened in each case by the absence of major policymakers, who were on vacation.
夏天的危机乃是欧洲历史的常见之事，金融史亦然。事实上，20世纪便是由三起夏天的危机造就的，每一次危机都因为主要决策者休假不在场而导致严重代价。