Just as in previous technological revolutions, rapid advances in clean energy will require the intervention of a courageous, entrepreneurial state, providing patient, long-term finance that shifts the private sector’s incentives. Governments must make bold policy choices that not only level the playing field, but also tilt it toward environmental sustainability.
自由市场本身无法以足够快的速度开发新的能源资源。报酬仍然过于不确定。一如前几次科技革命，清洁能源的快速进步需要勇气十足的企业家国家（entrepreneurial state）的干预，提供有耐心的长期融资改变私人部门的激励。政府必须做出重大政策选择，不但要实现平等竞争，更要使其向环境可持续性倾斜。然后——惟其如此——私人融资才会跟进。但是，到目前为止，紧缩阻碍了足够的公共融资。我们希望巴黎协定能改变这一点。