Moral philosophy has taken two very different approaches to this question. For some, the goal is to find universal principles from which to derive moral judgments: Kant’s categorical imperative, Bentham’s utilitarian principle, and John Rawls’s veil of ignorance are some of the best-known examples.
道德哲学对这个问题有两种截然不同的看法。对一些人而言，目标是找到普世原则，并在此基础上形成道德判断：康德的无上命令、边沁的功利原则、罗尔斯的无知之幕都是其中著名的例子。