The agreement was made possible by the fact that Iran’s interlocutors – the permanent members of the UN Security Council, Germany, and the EU (E3/EU+3) – were able to maintain a common position during a process that played out for more than ten years. This was true even during the negotiating push, when a debate over the sanctions against Iran’s trade in conventional arms and ballistic missiles threatened to open a breach between the partners.
该协议因为一个事实而成为可能：伊朗的对话者——联合国安理会五大常任理事国、德国和欧盟（E3/EU+3）——能够在为期十多年的整个过程中保持共同立场。虽然在谈判期间，对于制裁伊朗常规武器和弹道导弹贸易的争论大有在各伙伴国之间制造裂痕的趋势，但最终共同立场还是得到了保持。俄罗斯和中国认为签署协议将意味着任何形式的制裁都不合法，而美国试图尽量减轻伊朗邻国的担忧。