The answer is that countries should seek to do both: Lower the price paid to oil producers and raise the price paid by oil consumers, by cutting subsidies for oil and refined products or raising taxes on them. Many emerging-market countries have taken advantage of falling oil prices to implement such reforms.
答案是各国应该同时追求这两个目标：降低支付给石油生产商的价格并提高消费者所支付的价格，办法可以是降低石油和石化产品补贴或提高税收。许多新兴市场国家利用下跌的石油价格实施了这方面的改革。如今令人意外地接近能源自给、因此宏观经济效果总体平衡的美国也应该赶上来。