This experimental approach by central banks has involved the conscious decoupling of financial-asset prices from their fundamentals. The hope has been that more buoyant market valuations would boost consumption (via the “wealth effect,” whereby asset-owning households feel wealthier and thus more inclined to spend) and investment (via “animal spirits,” which bolster entrepreneurs’ willingness to invest in new plant, equipment, and hiring).
央行的实验性方针包括有意识地让金融资产价格与基本面脱钩。人们希望更高的市场估值能够提振消费（通过“财富效应”，即拥有资产的家庭觉得自己变富从而更倾向于支出）和投资（通过“动物精神”，即刺激企业家投资于新工厂、设备和人手的意愿）。