In fact, many of the “federalist” arguments look dubious: in particular, there is no single European social model. The differences for instance between the Scandinavian countries, the Mediterranean countries, and the “liberal Atlantic countries” like Ireland and the UK are sometimes more pronounced than those between Europe as a whole and the US.
但是，过去几年已经表明，组成欧洲的国家大多数并不支持联邦，有关被否决的欧盟宪法的辩论强调了这一点。实际上，许多“联邦主义者”的论点看起来是可疑的。特别是，不存在单一的欧洲社会模式。举例来说，斯堪的那维亚国家、地中海国家以及像爱尔兰和英国那样的“自由的大西洋国家”之间的差别在某些时候要比欧洲整体和美国之间的差别还要大。