A study by James Fearon of Stanford University and Anke Hoeffler of Oxford University’s Center for the Study of African Economies argues that societal violence – homicides and especially violence against women and children – is a much bigger problem than civil wars. Nine people are killed in interpersonal violence for every battlefield death in a civil war, and one child is killed for every two combatants who die.
斯坦福大学詹姆斯·费伦和牛津大学非洲经济研究中心安柯·霍芙勒的研究结果显示杀人、尤其是针对妇女和儿童的社会暴力远比内战更具破坏性。人际暴力与内战的死亡比率高达9：1，而且每牺牲两名战士就有一名儿童死亡。