For example, the Fed has pledged to keep interest rates low at least until the unemployment rate falls to 6.5% – a move that has arguably lowered long-term borrowing costs. Likewise, Mark Carney, in his first policy action as Governor of the Bank of England, announced forward guidance for short-term interest rates.
各国央行越来越多地使用前瞻性指引传达货币政策、锚定市场预期。比如，美联储承诺在失业率降至6.5%之前不会提高利率——人们认为这一举动降低了长期借贷成本。类似地，马克·卡尼（Mark Carney）成为英格兰银行行长后的第一个政策动作是公布了关于短期利率的前瞻性指引。尽管这些利率指引对经济的效果还有待更过的数据验证，但仍然获得了许多人的支持。