Economics does not have an ideology, he retorted. Quoting John Maynard Keynes, he pointed out that economics is a method that helps people to think straight and reach the correct answers, with no foreordained policy conclusions.
至于曼昆，他发现反对他的学生是“信息劣势”的。他反驳说，经济学并不存在意识形态。他引用凯恩斯的话，指出经济学是一种方法，能够帮助人们在不先入为主的情况下直接地思考并探寻正确答案。