Drug companies often lament that the firms from which they are sourcing innovations do not perform clinical trials to their specifications, forcing them to repeat the work. Nevertheless, they are reticent about providing such specifications in advance – even when innovators request them – perhaps to protect their market position or internal efforts.
制药企业常常感叹向他们出售创新成果的企业不按他们的要求进行临床试验，迫使他们不得不重复劳动。尽管如此，也许是为保护市场地位和内部工作的缘故，一提到事先公布相关标准他们都讳莫如深（即使创新企业预先要求也不例外）。不仅如此，同样的企业在创新技术供应领域直接竞争。造成的结果是供应链损坏。