TOULOUSE – For the last half-century, the world’s leading universities have taught microeconomics through the lens of the Arrow-Debreu model of general competitive equilibrium. The model, formalizing a central insight of Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations, embodies the beauty, simplicity, and lack of realism of the two fundamental theorems of competitive equilibrium, in contrast to the messiness and complexity of modifications made by economists in an effort to capture better the way the world actually functions.
发自图卢兹——在过去半个世纪，全球顶尖学府都通过阿罗-德布鲁（Arrow-Debreu）一般竞争性均衡模型的视角来教授微观经济学。相对于经济学家们为更好地掌握世界真实运作方式而进行的纷繁复杂修正，该模型作为亚当·斯密《国富论》核心观点的形式化体现，表现了竞争性均衡两大基本原理的美感，简约，以及缺乏真实感。换句话说，当研究人员试图把握复杂的现实状况时，学生却在进行不切实际的推理。