Although China phased out many of its explicit export subsidies as a condition of membership in the World Trade Organization (which it joined in 2001), mercantilism’s support system remains largely in place. In particular, the government has managed the exchange rate to maintain manufacturers’ profitability, resulting in a sizable trade surplus (which has come down recently, but largely as a result of an economic slowdown).
尽管作为2001年加入世贸组织的条件，中国逐步淘汰了许多直接的出口补贴，但支撑重商主义的体制基本没有改变。尤其是政府通过操控汇率来保持制造商的盈利能力，这导致了相当可观的贸易顺差（这种情况近来有所减少，但主要是因为经济放缓）。此外，出口导向型的企业仍然受益于一系列的税收激励政策。