The catch-up process also takes place within countries, as labor moves from low-productivity rural activities to higher-productivity urban activities, and as low-productivity firms in all sectors emulate their more advanced domestic counterparts. Moreover, the transfer and diffusion of technology has been facilitated greatly over the last few decades by increased foreign direct investment, the information revolution, which has facilitated access to knowledge, increased trade, and the globalization of financial markets.
赶超过程也存在于国家内部——劳动力从低生产率的农村活动转向高生产率的城市活动，各部门的低生产率企业纷纷模仿更先进的国内同行。此外，在过去几十年中，技术的转移和扩散也增加了外国直接投资，带来了促进知识普及的技术革命，增加了贸易，推进了金融市场全球化，从而起到了极大的助力作用。