Unlike in Europe, partisan politics shaped US trade policy before World War II, with the Republicans raising tariffs and the Democrats reducing them. One of the most notable hikes occurred in 1922, when the Republican-controlled government passed the Fordney-McCumber Tariff, which raised the average import tariff rate by 64%.
与欧洲不同的是，第二次世界大战之前的党派政治塑造了美国的贸易政策，因为共和党人主张提高关税，而民主党主张降低关税。一个最显著的上涨发生在1922年，当共和党控制的政府通过了福德尼-麦坎伯关税协定，将平均进口关税率提高了64%。