The theory, in Europe and elsewhere, was that states could not be impartial owners of industrial assets. Through regulation, public procurement, and hidden subsidies, they would favor their own assets.
这种模式的缺点导致很多发达及发展中国家进行私有化。在欧洲，私有化被看作是一体化进程的关键步骤。欧洲和其他地区的理念是国家不可能成为工业资产的无私持有者。借助相关法律法规、政府采购以及隐性津贴，政府会偏帮它们自己名下的资产。