During the last three decades, even before breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, computers have been replacing and multiplying the physical labor of human beings. Improvements in computer and communications technologies have also enabled employers to offshore many routine tasks that machines cannot directly replace.
他们的担心是合理的。在过去三十年来，即便是在人工智能技术取得突破之前，电脑已经在逐步取代人类的体力劳动，且效率成倍提高。而电脑和信息技术方面的进步也令企业主们可以把许多机器无法直接取代的常规工作外包到国外。