Eventually, Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon became independent countries, modeled on the Westphalian idea of the modern nation-state. Their leaders maintained this system – and its borders – as the best available.
最终，伊拉克、叙利亚和黎巴嫩成为以威斯特伐利亚思想（Westphalian idea）为基础的独立国家。它们的领导人维持了这一体系以及边界。局面的混乱化对这些统治者，特别是独立后所崛起的极权统治者，十分不利。