The next big step was the emergence of the concept of humanitarian intervention after the genocide in Rwanda and the Balkan wars in the 1990’s. As a result, international law came to recognize the “right of protection” against governmental arbitrariness and states’ crimes against their own people, even though enforcement remains quite uncertain.
下一个较大的步骤是二十世纪九十年代卢旺达大屠杀以及巴尔干半岛战争后人道主义干涉概念的出现。其结果是，国际法认识到了针对国家对其自己的国民的罪行出面进行“保护的权利”，尽管具体如何执行尚无定论。