The economy is depressed and unemployment is high not because of slack aggregate demand generated by a collapse in spending, but instead because “structural” factors have produced a mismatch between the skills of the labor force and the distribution of demand. The structure of demand by consumers is different from the jobs that workers are capable of filling.
让我们回忆一下结构性失业究竟该是什么样的。在这种情况下，经济衰退和高失业率并非来源于经济危机所引发的社会总需求下滑，而是因为“结构性”因素导致了劳动者的技能无法与社会的需求相衔接。消费者的需求结构多种多样，而劳动者也应该有能力去满足。