Given that a larger number of subjects or iterations enhances an experiment’s ability to detect all of the relevant effects, which bolsters confidence in the result, outcomes of small studies tend to imply significant uncertainty – unless the intervention’s effects are potent. Enrichment allows researchers to perform smaller, more informative trials by helping them to design studies that will show a high “relative treatment difference” between the drug and whatever it is being compared to (often a placebo, but sometimes another treatment).
鉴于抽取大量对象或反复操作能更好地显示试验的所有效果并提升人们对试验结果的信心，因此除非疗效非常明显，小规模研究结果往往带有很大的不确定性。“浓缩法”协助科研人员设计出显示药品和对照项（一般是安慰剂，但也有可能是另一种疗法）之间显著“相对治疗差异”的研究方法，从而在缩小试验规模的同时增强试验的说明性。