The more important reason, though, is that even $4.3 billion is small change when compared to the total fines and litigation costs incurred by the major banks over the last five years. Morgan Stanley analysts estimate that the top 22 banks in the United States and Europe have been forced to pay $230 billion since 2009 – more than 50 times the cost of the FCA settlement.
但是，更重要的原因是，即使罚金高达43亿美元，与大银行在过去五年来所支付的总罚金和诉讼成本来说也只是九牛一毛。摩根士丹利分析师估算，2009年以来美国和欧洲银行被迫支付了2,300亿美元&mdash;&mdash;是FCA和解金的50多倍。这个数字比银行因不良贷款和过度宏大的金融工程所蒙受的损失还要大。