Moreover, the total effect on labor income – the product of jobs times hours worked times average hourly wages – has been more severe than that implied by the job losses alone, because many firms are cutting their workers’ hours, placing them on furlough, or lowering their wages as a way to share the pain.
此外，劳动收入（工作岗位数乘以平均小时工资）所受到的总体影响比工作岗位流失还要来得严重，很多企业靠缩短工时，批准休假或削减薪水把痛苦转嫁给员工。