The Friedmans almost always made the claim in its first form: they said that the government had “caused” the Great Depression. But when you dug into their argument, it turned out that what they really meant was the second: whenever private-market instability threatened to cause a depression, the government could avert it or produce a rapid recovery simply by purchasing enough bonds for cash to flood the economy with liquidity.
弗氏夫妇对此几乎是开宗明义：他们说，政府“引起”了大萧条。但若深挖论据，你会发现他们的真实意思是第二个结论：当私人市场不稳定可能导致萧条时，政府只消以现金购买足够多的债券或用流动性支撑经济就能避免萧条或制造快速复苏。