In today’s developing countries, the bulk of excess labor is absorbed in non-tradable services operating at very low levels of productivity, in activities such as retail trade and housework. In principle, many of these activities could benefit from better technologies, improved organization, and greater formalization.
在今天的发展中国家，大部分过剩劳动力被零售贸易和家政等不可贸易服务业吸收，这些部门生产率水平很低。理论上，这些活动中有不少可以从更先进的科技、改善的组织和更高的形式化程度中获益。但在这里，服务业和制造业的第二个不同登场了。