For Tocqueville, the grab for centralized power by the absolutist Bourbon monarchs, followed by the French Revolution and Napoleon’s Empire, had destroyed the good with the bad in France’s neo-feudal order. Decades later, the new order was still in flux.
对托克维尔来说，法国先是被专制的波旁王朝攫取了中央集权，接着又受到大革命和拿破仑帝国的折腾，于是新封建秩序摧毁殆尽，不管是优点还是缺点都没有留下。几十年后，新秩序仍有待建立。