When the first and second arrows lift actual growth above potential growth, monetary expansion will no longer be able to produce substantial GDP or employment gains. That is when the third arrow, which aims to boost Japan’s potential growth through structural change (including increased private investment, technological innovation, improved trade links, and reformed corporate-tax policy), will become far more important.
当第一支箭和第二支箭将实际增长提升到了潜在增长之上时，货币扩张就不再能够带来显著的GDP或就业改善。此时，第三支箭的重要性就大大增加了。第三支箭的目标是通过结构性变化（包括增加私人投资、技术创新、改善贸易联系、改革税收政策等）提振日本的潜在增长。