In Brazil, low savings and various institutional impediments keep interest rates high and investment low, while the educational system does not serve significant parts of the population well. And Russia, despite a very well educated population, continues to be reliant on commodity industries for economic growth.
但第二个原因是它们各自有着重大弱点，并且没能在繁荣期克服这些弱点。中国的问题是过度依赖固定资产投资带动增长。在巴西，低储蓄和各种制度性障碍导致利率高企、投资不足，教育制度也无法给相当多的人口提供良好教育。俄罗斯尽管拥有教育程度较高的人口，但仍然需要依赖商品维持经济增长。