MEND and other local groups are demanding that the country return to “true federalism” in the spirit of 1960, and that 50% of oil revenue be retained by the region’s inhabitants. Ken Saro-Wiwa, a writer and founder of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), a grassroots movement in Ogoniland, had called for this as well, before he was hanged by General Sani Abacha’s junta in 1995.
在2006年1月，由愤怒的三角洲地区青年人组成的尼日利亚三角洲解放运动组织（一个武装暴力组织，简称MEND）开始袭击炼油厂和军方守卫。MEND和其他当地组织要求国家回到根据1960年精神建立的“真正联邦制”，并把石油开发利润的50%留给产油区民众。而在1995年，肯萨罗维瓦，这位作家兼奥戈尼人民生存运动（这是一场爆发在奥戈尼兰地区的草根运动）发起人在被萨尼·阿巴查将军的军政府绞死之前，也提出过同样的要求。