The first set of issues includes slow-burn problems involving externalities, the leading example being environmental degradation. When property rights are ill-defined, as in the case of air and water, government must step in to provide appropriate regulation.
第一类问题包括一些缓慢发酵的问题，如外部性，最显著的例子便是环境破坏。在产权不够明晰时——比如空气和水的产权——政府必须站出来提供恰当的监管。子孙后代或许不得不面对全球变暖和清洁水耗竭的难题。