This sort of economic nationalism in Germany and Italy briefly produced coalitions of interests that supported the drive to national unification under Bismarck and Cavour. But the credibility of the national project seemed to crumble when growth faltered, leading to the emergence of movements that championed the aggressive, confrontational, and violent assertion of cultural identity.
德国和意大利的这一经济民族主义粗略地创造了利益联盟，支持了俾斯麦和加富尔（Cavour）治下的民族统一。但民族工程的信誉随政府的孱弱而崩溃，导致了鼓吹侵略、对抗和暴力的文化身份论运动的出现。