Back in 2011, I should have read Keynes’s General Theory a little further, to where he suggests that “when the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done.” At that point, it is time either for creative thinking about how funding can be channeled to the real economy in a way that bypasses modern finance, with its large negative alpha, or to risk being sucked dry.
回到2011年，我应该把凯恩斯的《通论》读得更透彻些，意识到他指出“当一国的资本发展沦为赌场活动的副产品时，那么肯定就有问题了。”照此看，现在要么应该提出关于融资如何能绕过现代金融（及其负阿尔法值）疏通到实体经济的创造性思路，要么风险已经消失殆尽了。