Several factors, including post-war reconstruction, the resurgence of trade after the protectionist 1930’s, the introduction of new technologies in power, transport, and communications across countries, and expansion of educational attainment, underpinned the long boom. But, as Tyler Cowen has argued in his book The Great Stagnation, once these “low-hanging fruit” were plucked, it became much harder to propel growth from the 1970’s onward.
第二种观点的着眼点始于20世纪五六十年代，当时正是西方和日本的高速增长期。几大因素——包括战后重建、20世纪30年代保护主义风潮过去之后的贸易复兴、电力、运输和跨国通信方面的新技术，以及教育程度的改善——推动了长期繁荣。但是，泰勒·柯万（Tyler Cowen）在其《大停滞》（The Great Stagnation）一书中指出，这些“低处的果实”被摘取殆尽后，进入20世纪70年代以来，提振增长就变得日益困难了。