If the $6 billion London Whale losses had occurred in 2008 instead of 2012, then, yes, the government would not have piled on with fines and criminal indictments. But what would JPM’s trading partners have done in 2008, when the economy was in turmoil, if the losses hit then?
但是，关于JPM（以及整个经济）的运气问题，这并不是唯一的看待方式。如果60亿美元的伦敦鲸损失发生在2008年而不是2012年，那么政府确实不会采取罚款和刑事指控措施。但在2008年经济陷入动荡时，遭遇损失打击的JPM的交易对手会怎样做？