Until the crisis of 2008, middle- and lower-income job growth occurred entirely in the non-tradable sector of the economy, which accounts for roughly two-thirds of advanced countries’ output and employment. Here, incomes and value added per employee remained largely flat.
在2008年危机爆发前，中低收入增长完全来自经济中的不可贸易部门，该部门大约要占发达国家产出和就业的三分之二。在这里，雇员人均收入和增值几乎保持恒定。就业岗位可能因技术而削减，但不会因全球竞争而削减；而不可持续的债务推动内需增长使当前的贸易赤字延迟了。