No one questions the generosity of this mutation, but it is far from clear that the nearly 15 million families receiving Bolsa Familia will maintain their current income level when the stipend disappears, or that it can be sustained indefinitely. Bolsa Familia has been a stunning electoral success, and undoubtedly increased bottom-of-the-pyramid consumption in Brazil.
另一个问题是受高度赞扬的家庭补助金（Bolsa Familia）计划，这一项目在卢拉的前任时称为奖学金（Bolsa Escola）计划，原本由经济学家桑迪亚哥·利维在墨西哥总统埃内斯托·塞迪略任内制定。这种“有条件的现金转移”的宗旨原本是通过帮助穷困儿童获得食物、教育和医疗以防止贫困的跨代延续。但是，在卢拉（在墨西哥则是比森特·福克斯和费利佩·卡德隆）任内，这一模式却变成了直接帮助当前贫困人口脱贫的项目。