In the case of the environment, command-and-control regulation is inefficient, discourages innovation, and can have unintended consequences (like Europe’s growing reliance on coal). In the case of health care, a national monopoly can forestall innovation and provide inadequate care with long waits.
但与此同时，那些尝试应对市场失灵的政府自身也可能会失灵。在环境事务上，命令+管制监管手段效率低下，遏制创新，并可能引发意外后果（正如欧洲对煤的依赖上升）。而在医疗方面，一个国家垄断将会抑制创新，服务不充足，还会让患者轮候更长时间。