The economic arguments for the gains from trade of course go back to David Ricardo’s classic theory of comparative advantage. Countries benefit most from producing and exporting what they are relatively best at producing and exporting, and from importing what other countries are relatively better at producing.
从贸易中获得好处的经济理论当然可以追溯到李嘉图（David Ricardo）经典的比较优势理论。国家应该生产和出口它们相对最擅长生产和出口的东西、进口其他国家相对更擅长生产的东西中，这样所获得的好处最多。