America’s current exchange-rate regime is one of floating rates – or at least of rates that can float. Back in the 1950s and 1960s, economists like Milton Friedman assumed that a global regime of floating exchange rates would be one in which currency values moved slowly and gradually alongside differences in the economy’s inflation and productivity-growth rates.
美国当前的汇率体系是浮动汇率的其中一种——或者至少是可以浮动的汇率中的一种。在上世纪50~60年代，米尔顿·弗里德曼（Milton Friedman）等一批经济学家假设浮动汇率的全球体系将是一个货币价值沿着经济体的通胀及生产力增长率的各类差异变化缓慢而逐步变化的体制。