Labor unions have long pointed with satisfaction at hard-won contracts that specified a defined-benefit pension for their members. But these unions were often without the financial sophistication to judge whether the firm set aside sufficient capital to meet its commitments decades later.
其他金融工具也有相同的情况发生。工会早就为会员争取获得了一个详细的固定养老金计划的合同，从此心满意足。但正是这些工会通常会缺乏相应的金融知识来判断公司是否留出足够的资金来实现几十年后的承诺。