Another 3.8 million are living as refugees outside the country, and 13 million (out of a pre-war population of 20 million) are in need of humanitarian assistance. Two illustrious United Nations special envoys – Kofi Annan and Lakhdar Brahimi – have resigned in the face of Syria's self-perpetuating spiral of violence.
马德里—叙利亚一片血腥狼藉。多年的内战导致200,000多人死亡，一百万人受伤，670万人在国内流亡。另有380万人以难民身份流落国外，1,300万人（战前人口总共只有2,000万）需要人道主义援助。两名优秀的联合国特使——科菲·安南和拉赫达尔·布拉西米（Lakhdar Brahimi）因为叙利亚自动孳生的包里循环而辞职。