Rules that apply specifically to long-term-investment products or strategies can be classified as having a direct impact. Rules that apply to investors or their counterparts, competitive products, or complementary parts of the market can be described as having an indirect effect.
这类投资包括各种产品、市场参与者和司法辖区，结果是监管的效果难觅踪影，更无法定量评估。首先，规则和监管的影响可以是直接的，也可以是间接的。专门适用于长期投资产品或策略的规则可以归为直接影响型。适用于投资者及其对手方、竞争性产品或市场的补充方的规则可以归为间接影响型。