On the demand side, exchange-rate devaluations made non-traditional exports more competitive and helped boost demand for relatively unskilled labor. On the supply side, a sharp increase in years of schooling, and especially in access to higher education, swelled the ranks of professionals and other skilled workers and helped lower their relative wages.
在需求端，汇率贬值让非传统出口更具竞争力，并有助于提振技能相对较低的劳动力的需求。在供给端，学习年限的大幅增加（特别是高等教育入学率的增加）扩大了专业人士和其他高技能工人的队伍，拉低了他们的相对工资。