To pursue its comparative advantage and prosper in a globalized world, a country needs a price system that reflects the relative abundance of its factor endowments. Firms in such a context will have incentives to enter industries that can use their relatively abundant labor to replace relatively scarce capital, or vice versa, thereby reducing costs and enhancing competitiveness.
一个国家要发挥自身的比较优势、并在全球化的世界中实现繁荣，需要一个反映其要素禀赋相对丰富程度的价格体系。这种环境下的企业将获得激励，进入能用其相对丰富的劳动力替代相对稀缺的资本的行业，或是存在相反替代条件的行业，从而降低成本、增强竞争力。这方面的案例包括：孟加拉国服装产业、印度软件外包业以及中国轻工业的发展等。