If the small, unproductive firms closed down and the larger, more productive firms hired their workers, total output and well-being would rise. This should happen automatically through the invisible hand of competition, because the more productive firms should be able to deliver a better product at a lower price, while luring workers with higher wages.
在标准经济推理中这象征着效率低下。如果低效小企业倒闭后工人被高效大企业雇佣，总产量和生活水平都会提高。无形的市场之手本该不费吹灰之力做到这一点，因为高效企业能低价制造出更好的产品，并以高薪吸引工人。