These two traits put a great deal of bargaining power in the hands of those who control production and distribution, making them ideal for a market economy based on private property. Money naturally flows to where utility and value are being provided – and those flows are easy to track in national accounts.
“竞争性”是指两个人无法在同时使用同一个产品。“排他性”是指产品的所有者可以轻易地阻止其他人使用这个产品。这两个特征让控制生产和分配的人拥有了巨大的议价权，成为基于私人产权的市场经济的理想之选。钱自然而然地流向了提供效用和价值的地方——并且这些资金流可以轻易地在国民账户中进行追踪。