Kazakhstan already plays a key role in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), a group that comprises Central Asian countries, along with Russia and China. The SCO focuses on regional security, economic ties, and cultural cohesion in much the same way as the OSCE and EU do.
挑战是一目了然的。俄国和中国不会等待欧盟决定哈萨克斯坦是否是一个有价值的夥伴。哈萨克斯坦已经在上海合作组织中发挥关键作用。上合组织包含中亚国家以及俄国和中国。上合组织很像欧安组织和欧盟，关注于地区安全、经济联系以及文化团结。