The key reform issues are well known: the price of gas must be increased substantially to reflect its cost, subsidies for domestic coal production must be stopped, and governance of the country’s pipelines, which still earn huge royalties for carrying Russian gas to Western Europe, must be overhauled. Ever since these pipelines were effectively handed over to nominally private companies in murky deals, earnings from transit fees have gone missing, along with vast amounts of gas, while little maintenance has been carried out.
关键改革问题已是众所周知：天然气价格必须大幅提高以反映其成本；国内煤炭生产补贴必须停止；仍在产生巨大特许费的俄罗斯至西欧输气管道的治理问题应该修正。这些管道通过暗中交易转到了名义上的私人公司手中，至此以后，巨大的输气费收入就和大量天然气一起人间蒸发了，维护工作也陷入了停顿。