Fringe movements, some operating within established political structures, and others seeking to create new ones, are placing pressure on traditional parties, making it difficult for them to mobilize their supporters, and, in some cases, causing them real damage. Desperate not to appear weak, long-established parties have become wary of cooperating across the aisle.
这些趋势之一是欧洲民主国家显而易见的政治碎片化和极化。边缘运动——其中一些在现有政治结构内部进行，也有一些寻求建立新政治结构——正在给传统政党制造压力，增加它们动员支持者的难度，有时还会造成名副其实的伤害。老牌政党急于证明自己并不软弱，在与它们合作的问题十分谨慎。