The most important implication of believing that cultural modernity emerged in more than one species is that it largely eliminates the dichotomy that Western thought has traditionally detected between the natural world and human culture. The archaeology of early modern and Neanderthal populations suggests that we are not the chosen people who received from God the light, the divine mandate to go forth, multiply, and eliminate their subhuman neighbors.
相信文化现代性出现在不止一种物种当中的重要意义在于它在很大程度上终结了那种在探究自然世界与人类文明的关系方面的传统两分法似的西方思维。对于早期的现代人和穴居人的考古发现说明我们并不是唯一受上帝青睐，沐浴智慧之光，奉圣谕进化、繁衍并淘汰了类人邻居的那一群人。