When the value of non-cash government benefits, like Medicaid, Medicare, and Food Stamps, are also included, total transfers become extremely progressive. As a proportion of income, they fall almost continuously, from 50% at the 10th percentile to 2.5% at the very top.
而另一方面，政府补贴总额则对收入的均衡化有更大的影响。现金补贴，比如社会保险和失业保险，具有高度的均衡效果。当非现金的政府福利的价值，比如医疗保险、医疗保险和粮食券也包括在内的话，总周转变得极其递增。其占收入的比例几乎持续地下降，从在第10百分位的50 ％降至最顶端的2.5 ％ 。