After Japan’s nuclear disaster at Fukushima, Germany decided to shut down its entire nuclear power industry and shift entirely to a strategy based on greater energy efficiency (lower energy input per unit of national income) and renewables. There really is no clear roadmap for such a huge energy transformation, and Germany almost surely will need to rely on a European-wide electricity grid to share clean energy, and eventually on imported solar power from North Africa and the Middle East.
在这两条路中，德国之路更加非常。日本福岛核事故后，德国决定完全关闭核电工业，转向基于提高能源效率（更低单位国民收入能源投入量）和可再生能源。如此巨大的能源转型确实没有清晰的路线图可供依据，德国几乎肯定需要依赖泛欧洲电网共享清洁能源，并最终需要从北美和中东进口太阳能。