In the 1950s and 1960s, many Latin American and Caribbean countries embraced industrial policy enthusiastically. By substituting imports with domestic production, relying on government planning to target priority sectors, and implementing selective trade protection (for example, by imposing tariffs, quotas, and import licensing), they attempted to accelerate their transitions from raw-materials suppliers to manufacturing-based economies.
回望二十世纪五六十年代，许多拉美和加勒比国家都极为热衷于产业政策。通过以国内生产替代进口，依靠政府计划来聚焦优先领域，实施选择性贸易保护（例如，征收关税、配额、进口许可），它们试图加快从原材料供应商到制造业经济的转型进程。