Because they are subject to greater competition, export activities tend to undergo faster technological and productivity improvements than other parts of the economy. They are constantly under threat from innovation and new competitors that could disrupt their business.
因为需要参与更激烈的竞争，出口活动的技术和生产率增长往往要高于经济的其他部分。他们不断受到来自创新和可能对其业务造成破坏的新竞争者的威胁。比如iPhone对曾经在全球占主导地位的芬兰国家大企业诺基亚的毁灭性影响，以及页岩油革命对欧佩克的破坏性打击。