Consider the following scenario: Ten-year survival rates for the four groups are 70%, 71%, 80%, and 82%, respectively, and the proportion of people developing troublesome side effects is 1%, 2%, 5%, and 50%. Most people trade a small reduction in the chance of survival for a large reduction in the chance of adverse effects; in other words, they would opt for drug B.
考虑以下情形：四个组别的十年存活率分别为70%、71%、80%和82%，并且出现棘手副作用的人数比例分别为1%、2%、5%和50%。大部分人会用生存机会的小幅下降换取副作用的大幅下降；换句话说，他们会选择药物B。