The system is hardest on first-generation graduates who lack a highly placed relative to help them into the workforce; they are often left with no option but to pay a hefty bribe to advance their careers. Unsurprisingly, the way state jobs are filled, from the presidency down, has become a source of deep and widespread bitterness.
这套体系对于第一代学校毕业生来说最难打破，他们缺少身居高位的亲戚帮他们找到工作；因此别无办法，只能重金贿赂以打通职业道路。毫不奇怪，自总统以下，国有岗位的入职方式已成为深而广的怨恨之源。