One explanation of Scandinavia’s strong performance is Sweden’s courageous product market liberalization, the reduced generosity of Denmark’s wage replacement system and the Nokia miracle in Finland. However, while these factors may explain some of Scandinavia’s success, the low rate of unemployment and the high level of GDP per capita also have a much more straightforward explanation: the high share of government employment in the labor force.
斯堪的那维亚国家成功背后有什么秘密吗？其中的一个解释就是瑞典大胆地进行产品市场自由化，丹麦降低工资安置体系以及芬兰的诺基亚奇迹。但是，尽管这些因素可能部分地解释斯堪的那维亚国家的成功，对于低失业率以及很高的人均GDP水平还有另外一个更为明了的解释，那就是政府在劳动力中雇用了很高的份额。当私营部门的工作不再具有竞争力，政府工作好像就是让人们就业的简单办法。