It took 46 years from the discovery of superconductivity to the 1957 Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer (BCS) theory of how the phenomenon occurs. Along the way, a number of famous physicists tried and failed to get the answer – Albert Einstein, Werner Heisenberg, and Richard Feynman being notable examples.
这是我们所面临的关于超导体智力挑战。从发现超导现象到1957年巴丁-库珀-施里弗（BCS）关于该现象如何产生的理论发表足足用了46年。沿着这条道路，一大批著名物理学家前赴后继地追寻这个答案——爱因斯坦，沃纳·海森堡和理查德·费曼则是他们的杰出代表。