But investments in education and research, together with a strong social safety net, can lead to a more productive and competitive economy, with more security and higher living standards for all. A strong safety net and an economy close to full employment provides a conducive environment for all stakeholders – workers, investors, and entrepreneurs – to engage in the risk-taking that new investments and firms require.
但是，斯堪的那维亚国家表明，还有另一种途径。当然，政府和私营部门必须力争提高效率。但是，投资教育和研究加上强大的社会保障制度可以造就生产效率更高、竞争力更强的经济，而所有人更有保障，生活水准更高。强大的社会保障制度以及接近全民就业的经济为工人们、投资者以及企业家们等所有利益相关者提供有利的环境来参与到新的投资项目以及公司所要求的风险承担当中。