From 2000 to 2007, the US ran a cumulative current-account deficit of roughly $5.5 trillion, with nearly symmetrical offsetting increases in reserves in China and Japan. China found it useful to run a large trade surplus, using a very high rate of internal savings and inward foreign investment to support its industrialization and rapid growth.
2000—2007年间，美国累计经常项目赤字约为5.5万亿美元，基本上正好抵消掉中国和日本的外汇储备增量。中国发现维持巨额贸易盈余是有利的，可以利用极高的国内储蓄率和外国投资流入支持其工业化和快速增长。