In December 2011 and February 2012, the European Central Bank announced the long-term refinancing operation (LTRO), whereby European banks were lent around €1 trillion ($1.3 trillion) in two tranches. Then, in July, came ECB President Mario Draghi’s famous assurance to do “whatever it takes” to save the euro.
中央银行以最后贷款人的角色站了出来，从而避免了大危机：2011年12月和2012年2月，欧洲央行公布了长期再融资操作（LTRO），欧洲银行可以从中获得两个级别约1万亿欧元的贷款。接着，7月，欧洲央行行长德拉吉抛出了著名的“竭尽所能”拯救欧元论。美联储和其他发达国家央行也纷纷注入流动性。