The problem is not caused by human irrationality; on the contrary, it arises precisely because bankers are acting rationally. As we know from environmental regulation, preaching common sense or ethics to bankers will not help; but changing bankers’ incentives – by, say, requiring higher equity-asset ratios – would work wonders.
问题的原因不是人类不理性；相反，问题发生的原因正在与银行家的理性行为。我们从环境监管中知道，向银行家宣讲常识和道德无济于事；但改变银行家的激励——比如通过要求更高的股本-资产比率——会收到奇效。