For example, some countries want to develop smaller and "usable" nuclear weapons designed for pre-emptive or preventive military action. Many non-nuclear weapon states, particularly those from the developing world, remain frustrated with the fact that peaceful nuclear cooperation is yet to be fully realized.
然而由于各国执行情况的持续不均衡，以及在对待条约三项基本原则的侧重各有不同，损害了NPT机制所需要的整体一致性。有核国家与无核国家在履行条约规定义务上的不均衡的矛盾尤为激化。例如，有些国家希望发展小型及实用的核武器用于防卫性军事行动。很多无核国家，特别是那些发展中国家，对其和平利用核能的合作构想未得到充分实现而感到沮丧。