The higher cost of production incurred to reduce emissions – and of any emissions tax still due – would, of course, be included in the price charged to consumers. Consumers would respond to the tax-induced increase in the cost of the emissions-intensive products by reducing their consumption of those goods and services in favor of goods and services that create smaller amounts of CO2 emissions.
如果对生产企业加增赋税——目前这些税种还没有开始实施——必然的结果就是，这些负担将会被转嫁到消费者头上。而由于产品价格的升高，消费者自然也会因此减少购买这些产品，转而购买那些排放二氧化碳较少的产品和服务。