A second historical motivation for the creation of central banks involved the safeguarding of financial systems. In the mid-nineteenth century, a new generation of central banks was established essentially to manage payments systems and stabilize fragile banking systems.
因此，越是民主的政权对体制创新中的政治内涵越是怀疑。正是指定的国家导向型央行背后的政治猜忌导致宪章无法更新，美国第一大和第二大银行破产。在一些国家（如瑞士），抵制政治俘虏进程导致反对成立任何央行。