The US Congress still has not approved the IMF reform package agreed in 2010, weakening one of the most important international institutions. Partly because the United States makes capital increases and governance reforms in global financial institutions so difficult, the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) have launched their own development bank, to be based in Shanghai.
这些例子应该刺激世界寻找合作行动的办法。但局面指向了相反的方向。联合国似乎陷入了前所未有的瘫痪状态。美国国会至今仍未批准2010年达成一致的IMF改革计划，这削弱了最重要的国际机构之一。部分地因为美国让全球金融机构的增资和治理改革变得如此困难，金砖国家（巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非）另起炉灶在上海成立了它们自己的开发银行。