The Fed has given ordinary banks direct access to its credit facilities, and the ECB no longer rations the supply of base money, instead providing as much liquidity as banks demand. Since last October, Western countries’ rescue packages for banks have reached about $4.3 trillion.
美联储已经授权普通银行直接动用它的信贷工具，而欧洲央行（ECB）也不再限制基础货币的供应，反而是银行要求多少流动性，它就提供多少。从去年10月以来，西方国家为银行提供的救助资金已经达到了约4.3万亿美元。