But in doing so, claims the IADB, Latin American governments may have gone too far: “There is now a growing consensus among policymakers and analysts alike that by putting all industrial policy out of bounds, the region may have thrown out the baby with the bathwater. More and more, the question is not put in terms of whether to do active productive development policies but rather how to do them.”
平心而论，这些问题都需要克服。但泛美开发银行指出，在实践过程中，拉丁美洲政府或许走得太远了：“如今，决策者和分析家正在日益形成共识，一刀切地排斥产业政策可能导致婴儿与洗澡水一起泼出。越来越明显的是，问题不在于要不要采取生产性发展政策，而是如何采取这一政策。”与20世纪60年代陈旧的产业政策不同，现代生产性发展政策旨在纠正市场失灵，而不是废除市场激励。