About 30% of those born before 1968 have become middle or senior managers. More broadly, Islam has failed to supersede other identity patterns, such as class and economic status.
此外，穆斯林社区中大部分人在社会经济中是向上层移动的。1968年以前出生的人中，约30％已成为中级或高级管理人员。更大胆的说，伊斯兰教没能取代别的身份模式，如阶级和经济地位。