The worst cases of outright manipulation occurred when local bureaucrats - all appointed from above - pressured voters to support President Nursultan Nazarbayev's Otan Party. This problem will doubtless persist until more local officials are chosen through elections.
最糟糕的直接操纵行为恐怕要数上峰任命的地方官僚给投票者施压，要求他们支持总统努尔苏丹·纳扎尔巴耶夫领导的祖国党。这个问题肯定还会继续下去，直到更多的地方官员也能通过选举的方式产生。