Meanwhile, with the exception of Slovenia, the democratic transformation in the post-Yugoslav region remains uneasy. Wars, ethnic cleansing, embargoes, and sanctions created not only psychological traumas, but also black markets, smuggling, large-scale corruption, and de facto rule by mafias.
同时，除了斯洛文尼亚，在后南斯拉夫各国进行的民主转型仍然困难重重。战争、种族清洗、贸易禁运和制裁不仅造成了心理创伤，还导致了黑市、走私、腐败盛行和黑手党的实际统治。北约组织在1999年对塞尔维亚的轰炸，重创其经济，也给其邻国造成了严重的后果。