India’s comparative advantage lies in relatively skill-intensive services – such as information technology – which can absorb no more than a tiny slice of the country’s largely unskilled labor force. It will take many decades for the average skill level in India to rise to the point that it can pull the economy’s overall productivity significantly higher.
我们来对比一下中国和印度。中国增长依靠建设工厂并吸纳受教育程度不高的农民，借此为生产力带来立竿见影的好处。印度的比较优势在于相对的技术密集型服务——比如信息技术——但只能吸纳该国极小比例的非技术劳动人口。印度的平均技术水平需要几十年才能提升到能显著提高经济整体生产率的程度。