In an optimal world, the surpluses of countries pursuing export-led growth would be willingly matched by the deficits of those pursuing debt-led growth. In the real world, there is no mechanism to ensure such an equilibrium on a continuous basis; national economic policies can be (and often are) mutually incompatible.
世界经常项目收支最终必须归零。在最优世界中，追求贸易拉动型增长的盈余国家应该有追求债务拉动型增长的国家的赤字与之匹配。在现实世界中，不存在可以连续确保这一均衡的机制；国家经济政策可能（也经常）互不相容。