In 2003, the United States and the European Union acquiesced to an accord that formally ended the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s civil war, which had claimed nearly four million lives, though the agreement lacked provisions to hold war criminals accountable. The same is true for Sudan’s 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which ended a 22-year civil war in which more than two million died.
桑托斯决不是第一个对问责问题保持缄默的国家元首。2003年，美国和欧盟默许了一份正式结束夺走近400万人生命的民主刚果内战的协议，尽管这份协议使战争罪行无从问责。2005年的苏丹《全面和平协议》（Comprehensive Peace Agreement）也是如此，该协议结束了夺走200多万人生命的持续了22年的内战。