This is where democratic India and South Africa have the upper hand over China or Russia. Countries that have fallen into the grip of autocratic leaders – for example, Argentina and Turkey – are also increasingly at a disadvantage.
若没有这些制度，分配冲突很容易便演化成抗议、暴动和内乱。这就是为什么印度和南非要比中国和俄国更具优势。受专制式领导者掌控的国家——比如阿根廷和土耳其——也正逐步趋于劣势。