Introductory economics used to emphasize the Keynesian multiplier effect: recipients of government spending (or of consumer spending stimulated by tax cuts or transfers) respond to the increase in their incomes by spending more, as do the recipients of that spending, and so on. Again, the multiplier is much more relevant under current conditions, because it does not fuel higher inflation and interest rates (and thus crowd out private spending).
以上这些都不应该有什么争议。入门经济学理论过去会强调凯恩斯的乘数效应：即政府支出（或者减税及转移支付刺激下的消费者支出）的受益者对收入增长的反应是花更多的钱，而这种花费的受益者也会因收入增加而花更多的钱，如此循环。此外，这种乘数在当前情况下更为相关，因为它没有使通货膨胀加剧也没有刺激高利率（从而排挤了私人支出）。