America’s central bank has control over the supply of dollars, and currently exerts great influence over interest rates, both for short-term and long-term borrowing. And, though the Fed was partly responsible for the regulatory failures that led to the global economy’s near-meltdown in 2008-2009, post-crisis reform has left it with even greater authority and more responsibility for overseeing the financial system.
华盛顿—美国联邦储备体系是世界历史上权力最大的政府组织之一。美国中央银行控制着美元的供给，目前还对短期和长期借贷利率施加着巨大影响。此外，尽管美联储要为导致2008—2009年全球经济几乎崩溃的监管失责承担部分责任，但危机后的改革让它拥有了更大的权力和监督金融体系的责任。