On the few occasions that such resistance was seemingly overcome, the outcome was gradual and timid change. Consequently, many emerging-market economies lost confidence in the “pooled insurance” that the global system supposedly put at their disposal, especially at times of great need.
在极少数情况下，西方国家的抵制没有达到效果，但即便如此，变化也是缓慢而轻微的。结果，许多新兴市场经济体对全球体系中本因由它们任意使用的“集体保险”（pool insurance，特别是在急需的情况下）失去了信心。