This has brought a tremendous, and ongoing, growth in income levels, opportunities, and the size of the global economy. But these new workers have also brought more employment competition and significant shifts in relative wages and prices, which is having profound distributional effects.
纽约——过去30年来，数以亿计的新工人进入了全球经济中。他们教育程度和技能水平各不相同，但随着时间的推移，从“人力资本”——以及附加值和收入——的角度来说，他们都获得了好处。这带来了收入水平、机会和全球经济规模的持续大升。但这些新工人也带来了更多的就业竞争以及相对工资和价格的剧变，产生了深远的分配效应。