Electors chose only a representative for the House of Commons, and the majority party then appointed the prime minister. The contemporary British comic opera Iolanthe celebrated the fact that “every boy and every gal that’s born into the world alive is either a little Liberal or else a little Conservative.”
议会两党制出现于19世纪的英国。选民只要在下院两党中二选一，再由多数党指定首相。当代英国漫画Iolanthe如此表达这种“体制自信”：每个活着生到这个世界上的小子或丫头，不是一个小自由党，就是一个小保守党。”可是，如果并非每个小子或丫头生出来就是那样，又当如何？