Such countercyclical capital requirements are likely to be added to the toolkit of macroprudential rules and policies, the use of which has risen as enthusiasm for light-touch financial supervision has faded. Those tools include caps, linked to borrowers’ characteristics, on loan-to-value ratios; direct limits on currency and maturity mismatches in financial institutions’ balance sheets; limits on their balance sheets’ interconnectedness; and minimum reserve requirements for specific financial instruments.
这类反周期资本需求将可能被列入到宏观谨慎规则和政策的工具之中，因为人们对过往那种蜻蜓点水式的金融监管已经缺乏热情了。这些工具包括与借款者的相关特性，贷款额与抵押物价值的比率有关的融资上限；直接限制金融机构资产负债表中的货币和到期错配；限制其各个资产负债表之间的相互关联；并制定特定金融工具的最低资本储备要求。