In 1713, another Catholic Frenchman, Charles-Irénée Castel, abbé de Saint-Pierre, published his Project for Perpetual Peace in Europe. There would be a European senate, a European army, and the larger member states would have equal voting rights.
其二是永远和平。1713年，另一位法国天主教徒圣皮埃尔（Saint-Pierre）神父出版了《欧洲永久和平工程》（Project for Perpetual Peace in Europe），包括了一个欧洲参议院、一支欧洲军队，较大成员国将拥有平等的投票权。