But while the potential global benefits of trade liberalization have declined, reduced trade intensity might still impede economic development in some countries. Only a handful of economies over the last 60 years have fully caught up to advanced-economy living standards, and all relied on export-led growth to drive productivity and job creation in manufacturing.
但虽然贸易自由化所带来的潜在全球利益在缩小，但贸易频密度的降低将依然阻碍某些国家的经济发展。在过去60年中只有少数几个国家完全赶上的发达国家的生活水平，而这些国家都是依靠出口导向型增长并通过制造业提高生产力和创造就业。在未来，单纯依靠这一模式将变得更为艰难。中国幅员辽阔，所以它必须比日本，台湾和韩国提早一个阶段去开发发展的国内驱动力；因此其出口将无可避免地（相对于GDP）下跌。