Greater competition and the adoption of new technologies increased the demand for, and incomes of, highly skilled, talented, and educated workers doing non-routine jobs like consulting. More routine, once well-paying, jobs done by the unskilled or the moderately educated were automated or outsourced.
更强的竞争和新技术的采用增加了从事咨询等非常规职业的高技能、有才华、高学历员工的需求和收入。曾经收入颇丰、大多由低技能、低学历员工从事的常规岗位纷纷被自动化和外包。因此，收入不碰等性出现了，其主因并非有利于富人的政策，而是有利于准备充分、善抓机会者的经济自由化。