But, while a widespread consensus held that communism was nothing but a dead end, China’s economic success, and the authoritarian backlash in Russia following Boris Yeltsin’s departure from the Kremlin a decade ago, prompted a more pessimistic analysis. Theories of “democratic rollback” and of a resurgence of “authoritarian great powers” surfaced to unveil the potential of systems that combined nationalism and state-led growth-yielding capitalism.
但即使舆论普遍认为共产主义不过是死胡同，中国的经济成就和俄罗斯在鲍里斯·叶利钦十年前离开克里姆林后的专制主义反弹还是引发了更加悲观的猜测。 “民主回落”和“专制强国复兴”的理论浮出水面，明确揭示出专制制度有能力实现民族主义和国家主导增长资本主义之间的融合。