America’s tax system has surprisingly little redistributional punch. Using a measure of “comprehensive income” – money income, total capital gains on wealth, imputed rent on owner-occupied housing, non-cash government benefits, and public consumption – income taxes are generally progressive.
美国的税收制度的再分配作用很小。美国使用的是“综合收入” 的衡量标准-货币收入、财富的资本总收益、业主自用住房的推算租金、非现金的政府福利和公共消费-因此一般都是累进所得税。