Peru and Chile, by contrast, are natural-resource exporters that derived huge benefits from the China-driven commodity boom of the last decade. Today commodity prices are down, and so is growth.
相反，秘鲁和智利是自然资源出口国，大大受益于过去十年中国推动的大宗商品繁荣。如今，大宗商品价格出现了下跌，两国增长亦然。生产一吨铜或一磅水果的效率很难继续提升（在智利，铜矿石等级在迅速下降），后续增长必须来自多样化：将资本和劳动力用于新的上产率更高的部门。