Because the euro-zone is not an “optimal currency area,” it needs tools to deal with so-called “asymmetric shocks” – shocks that affect some members more than others. But it lacks those tools, especially a Treasury with powers to tax and borrow, and a central bank that can act as lender of last resort to its member banks.
在地中海危机面前，欧元区的顽疾暴露无遗，即缺少一个共同政府。欧元区并非 “ 最理想的货币区域 ” ，因此它需要各种手段来应对所谓的 “ 非对称冲击 ” —— 此类冲击能对某些成员国造成更大的影响。即便如此，欧元区仍然捉襟见肘，特别是缺少一个有权征税和贷款的财政部，以及一个能为成员国银行提供最后贷款的中央银行。