Americans find their patience tried by Europeans who are free with their advice and criticism yet reluctant to shoulder risks. Moreover, the US learned from the Kosovo experience of “war by committee” to distrust NATO as a place to run operations, and now Afghanistan highlights the organization’s limitations as a mechanism for generating force contributions.
但是各方都对对方的行为不满。美国发现欧洲对其建议和批评置若罔闻但又不愿承担风险。而且，科索沃“集体作战”经历让美国不把北约视为进行军事行动的场所，而现在，阿富汗突出表现了北约在提供军队机制上的局限。