Reducing trade barriers is said to promote economic efficiency and specialization; but it is also supposed to increase exports and create jobs by increasing access to trade partners’ markets. The first of these is the conventional comparative-advantage argument for trade liberalization; the second is a mercantilist argument.
在经济方面，贸易协定的维护者们堪称两面三刀:减少贸易壁垒能提高经济效率和专业化；但同时也会通过来不断进占贸易伙伴的市场来增加出口和创造就业。前者是常规的贸易自由化比较优势观点；而后者则是重商主义的说法。