Asked whether they considered themselves “Iraqis, above all” or “Muslims, above all,” the 2006 survey found that 28% of Iraqis identified themselves as “Iraqis, above all,” up from 23% in 2004. In the capital, Baghdad, the center of so much sectarian violence, the numbers were even more impressive, with the share of the population who saw themselves as “Iraqis, above all” doubling, from 30% to 60%.
民族主义情绪也正在上升。在被问道他们认为自己“首先是伊拉克人”或“首先是穆斯林”时，2006年的调查发现28%的伊拉克人认同自己“首先是伊拉克人”，比2004年时的23%有所上升。在宗派暴力活动的中心，首都巴格达，情况更是非同寻常：认为自己“首先是伊拉克人”的人数翻了一番，从30%上升到60%。