The fundamental problem is well known: major banks have significant incentives to take on excessive risk. If their risky bets pay off, their stockholders benefit considerably, as do the banks’ CEOs and senior managers, who are heavily compensated in bank stock.
美国剑桥—自全球金融危机以来，监管者努力地试图让全球大银行变得更加安全。基本问题早已众所周知：大银行有巨大的激励过度冒险。如果它们的高风险赌注赢了，股东就能获得极大的好处，被授予大笔银行股票的银行CEO和高管也能从中获利。如果赌注输了、银行倒闭，还有可能得到政府的买单。