Reading the same raw data, Republicans and Democrats in the US, or secularists and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, will spin it differently, because policymaking cannot be divorced from decision-makers’ interests and values. As the anthropologists Jean and John Comaroff put it, ours “is an age in which people almost everywhere seem preoccupied, simultaneously, with transparency and conspiracy.”
此外，信息的传播从来免不了各种解读。面对同样的原始数据，美国的共和党和民主党，或埃及的世俗派和穆斯林兄弟会，会以不同的方式将其进行包装，因为决策离不开决策者的利益和价值。正如人类学家让·科马罗夫和约翰·科马罗夫（Jean and John Comaroff）所指出的，我们的时代是“一个不管你身居何处，都在被透明和阴谋同时困扰的时代”。