India ran a current-account surplus while the Romans complained about the loss of gold, yet the system endured. Similarly, the first Bretton Woods system was sustained with European capital, and Bretton Woods 2 was fueled by Asian capital, with the US providing the deficits in both cases.
比如，印度-罗马贸易在公元1世纪和2世纪推动着全球经济。印度存在经常项目盈余，而罗马人因为黄金流失而怨声载道，但这一状况得到了持续。类似地，第一个布雷顿森林体系是用欧洲资本维持的，布雷顿森林2的燃料来自亚洲资本，而美国在这两个阶段都扮演了赤字方的角色。