The dynamics of the energy markets changed notably as shale-oil production came onstream at a market-moving scale in 2013-2014. With this new source meeting more of world energy demand, particularly in the US, energy users were no longer as dependent on OPEC and other oil producers.
2013—2014年，页岩石油生产以足以影响市场的规模源源涌出，这大大改变了能源市场动态。这一新资源满足了更多的世界能源需求，特别是美国的需求，能源用户不在依赖欧佩克和其他石油生产者。在此过程中，它们也不再那么容易受到地缘政治因素影响了。