In the 1980’s, there was a switch from projects to policies – structural adjustments, involving trade liberalization, privatization, and macroeconomic stabilization (typically focusing on prices rather than employment or output.) But these policies proved neither necessary nor sufficient for growth; the countries of East Asia, which followed different policies, achieved faster growth and were far more successful in poverty reduction.
上世纪80年代有了一个从计划到政策的转变——涉及到贸易自由化、民营私有化，以及宏观经济的稳定性（比起就业率和产量，尤为关注价格）的结构调整。但是事实证明这些政策对经济增长既非必要也无甚效果；东亚许多国家虽然实施着不同的政策，却取得了更快的经济增长，在减少贫穷方面也成功得多。