Until relatively recently, environmental protection and consumer safety were secondary issues in the United States and Europe. In 1952, London experienced five days of lethal, particulate-laden smog that killed 12,000 people and sickened more than 100,000.
直到不久前，环境保护和消费安全在美国和欧洲都还是相对次要的问题。1952年，伦敦连续5天出现充满微粒的致命烟雾，导致12，000人死亡，超过100，000人患病。1969年，美国污染严重的凯霍加河燃起熊熊大火。