Commodity-rich advanced economies like Canada, Norway, or Australia export lots of natural resources, of course, but they also export many other goods and services. That is not true of Chile, Peru, or Colombia – or even of Brazil, with its much larger population and more developed industrial base.
错误不在于出口铜、葡萄酒、水果和木制品。但经济史表明，很少有国家（如果有的话）能凭此致富。大宗商品富裕的发达国家，比如加拿大、挪威和澳大利亚当然也出口大量自然资源，但它们同样出口许多其他产品和服务。智利、秘鲁、哥伦比亚甚至巴西（它人口更多、工业基础更发达）就不是这样。