The military rose to power in Egypt, Pakistan, and other Arab countries in the early and mid-twentieth century. In Turkey, the military proclaimed itself the guardian of the secular Republic of Turkey, founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, himself a military man.
20世纪中叶，军队在埃及、巴基斯坦和其他阿拉伯国家掌握了权力。在土耳其，军队将自己描述为世俗土耳其共和国的卫士，但1923年成立的土耳其共和国的建立者阿塔图尔克本人便是一名军人。