Even the most rudimentary understanding of psychology supports Hollande’s assessment. Negative reinforcement and delayed gratification are unlikely to achieve their goals unless there is a perceived light at the end of the tunnel – a future reward for today’s sacrifices.
奥朗德的评估以最基本的心理学理解为基础。除非隧道的尽头投射出一线曙光（今天的牺牲能够换来今后的回报），否则纯粹的消极强化和延迟满足不太可能真正实现目标。