The failure to demobilize and reconcile factions in Lebanon, where Hezbollah remained armed despite its transformation into a political party, meant that belligerency was always bubbling below the surface. Likewise, the collapse of peace processes in Angola and Haiti and the various setbacks in Cambodia and Nicaragua during the 1990’s reflect a failure to demobilize and integrate.
黎巴嫩未能有效实现遣散武装及派系和解（尽管真主党已经转型为一个政治党派，但却仍保留着武装）意味着在和平的表征之下，交战状态依然存在。同样，安哥拉和海地和平进程的崩溃以及柬埔寨和尼加拉瓜在1990年代的种种挫折都反映了他们在遣散军队和政治统一上的失败。