In Spain, some Catalonians have episodically demanded independence, as have some Flemish in Belgium and some Québécois in Canada. Iraq periodically verges on splitting into Sunni, Shia, and Kurdish states (the Kurds already have considerable autonomy).
一部分西班牙加泰罗尼亚人、比利时佛兰芒人和加拿大魁北克人往往间歇性地要求独立。伊拉克的逊尼派、什叶派和库尔德人也一再近乎分裂（库尔德人已经在很大程度上实现了自治）。