Undergraduate-level microeconomics should empower students, not alienate them. While the Arrow-Debreu model has its value – namely, it explains why an unplanned economy can produce order – it is discouraging for students to find that what they are deemed capable of comprehending offers little insight into real-life situations.
本科水平的微观经济学应该提高学生的能力，而不是疏远他们。虽然阿罗-德布鲁的模型有它的价值——比如解释了为什么非计划经济可以催生秩序——但令学生们沮丧的是发现自己被认为有能力理解的知识却对现实生活中的状况知之甚少。