By interfering with the carbon, nitrogen, water, and phosphorus cycles, human activity changes the atmosphere, oceans, waterways, forests, and ice sheets, and diminishes biodiversity. Indeed, the effects of human behavior on the planet’s ecosystems have become so significant in the last few centuries that many scientists now believe that the planet has entered a new geological epoch, dubbed the Anthropocene.
人类从根本上改变了地球的生态系统。人类活动改变了碳、氮、水和磷的循环，从而改变了大气、海洋、水路、森林、冰盖，还减少了生物多样性。事实上，人类行为对地球生态系统的影响在过去几百年来是如此明显，以至于许多科学家现在认为地球已经进入了新的地质年代——人类纪。