Hezbollah and its main backer, Iran, were motivated by two concerns: fear of the next Israeli attack, which Hezbollah believes is inevitable, and concern over Syrian-Israeli peace talks that, if successful, could leave Hezbollah without its main bridge to Iran. Hezbollah has been rearming and redeploying since the 2006 war; the actions of May further consolidate its position in and around Beirut.
Avec son principal soutien, l'Iran, il avait deux préoccupations essentielles : une nouvelle attaque israélienne qu'il juge inévitable, et les négociations de paix israélo-syriennes, qui si elles réussissent pourraient le priver de son principal canal de communication avec l'Iran.