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Лɛfɔli
Dorokoli Лɛfɔra Introduction à la lexicologie, sémantique et morphologie (2008, ɲ.217) kɔnɔ Aliz Lehmann ani Franswaz Martɛn-Bɛrtɛ fɛ tan: "la composition consiste à former un mot en assemblant deux ou plusieurs mots" - dorokoli ye daɲɛ kelen dlali ye ni daɲɛ kelen wali daɲɛ caman farali ye ɲɔgɔn kan. Ni dorokoli Bolila daɲɛ minnu kan, a bɛ daɲɛ min Di o bɛ Weele ko daɲɛ dorokolen. David Cristal ka gafe sɛbɛnnen The Cambridge's Encyclopedia of the English Language (1994, ɲ.129) ye daɲɛ dorokolen Лɛfɔ k'a Kɛ nin ye: "a compound is a unit of vocabulary which consists of more than one lexical stem" - daɲɛ dorokolen ye daɲɛ ye min kɔnɔ-kumaden ka ca ni daɲɛ-kumaden kelen ye. Bamanankan sariyasun (1997, ɲ.46) fana bɛ daɲɛ dorokolen Лɛfɔ nin cogo in na tan: "daɲɛ dorokolen ye daɲɛ fla wali damadɔ kafolen ye ɲɔgɔn na ka daɲɛ kura Bange".
Dorokoli ye daɲɛ-dlacogo barikamaba ye bamanankan na. Лininiw y'a Jira an na ko bamanankan gafe duuru o duuru, minnu daɲɛ mumɛ bɛ t'i Jɔ 93 975 la, ko daɲɛ 9,478% ye dorokolenw ye ninka 4,115% Kɛ bɔnnaw ye (kalanfoori-sɛbɛn, Isiyaka Baalo, 2012).
A. Daɲɛ dorokocogo
Daɲɛ dorokolen kɔnɔ daɲɛ-kumaden bɛ Dabɔ fla la ka Se Fɔ tan ani kɔ ma bamanankan na.
Misali:
Daɲɛ dorokolen kumaden flama
dugutigi (Ng.B, ɲ...) = dugu + tigi
kɛlɛmasa (Ŋ.T, ɲ...) = kɛlɛ + masa
sanudaba (W.S, ɲ...) = sanu + daba
daɲɛ dorokolen kumaden sabama
dugujɛkan (Ŋ.T, ɲ...) = dugu + jɛ + kan
sigiyɔrɔyɛlɛma (W.S, ɲ...) = sigi + yɔrɔ + yɛlɛma
Fìnikominɛn (C.B, ɲ...) = fini + ko + minɛn
Daɲɛ dorokolen kumaden naanima
maakuntigɛmuru (Ŋ.T, ɲ.10) = maa + kun + tigɛ + muru
musokɔrɔsigiyɔrɔ (Ŋ.T, ɲ.82) = muso + kɔrɔ + sigi + yɔrɔ
sofakuntigi (W.S, ɲ.31) = so + fa + kun + tigi
daɲɛ dorokolen kumaden seeginma
misimusokunkolojeniyɔrɔbarokan (jama) = misi + muso + kun + kolo + jeni + yɔrɔ + baro + kan.
B. Daɲɛ dorokolen kumadenw tɔgɔko
Daɲɛ dorokolen kumadenw nacogo ɲɔgɔn kɔ bɛ na ni danfara donni ye u ɲɛci la daɲɛ kɔnɔ. Лɛci fla ɲɔgɔn b'u Danfara ka Bɔ ɲɔgɔn ma. Kumaden kelen bɛ miiriya tɔgɔ bakuuruba jɔyɔrɔ Fa ninka kelentɔ Kɛ ka miiriya danfarali jɔyɔrɔ Fa. A ɲɛci flaw taalan ye ɲɔgɔn ye. O la, kumaden sugu fla minnu bɛ Kɛ daɲɛ dorokolenw kɔnɔ jɔyɔrɔko siratigɛ la o ye bakuurutɔgɔ ni danfaratɔgɔ ye. Gafe min tɔgɔ ye ko Bamanankan mabɛn (2006, ɲ.131) kɔnɔ, a Fɔra bakuurutɔgɔ ma ko daɲɛ dorokolen nimayɔrɔ.
Misali:
hɔrɔnmuso = hɔrɔn (danfaratɔgɔ) + muso (bakuurutɔgɔ) muso bɛɛ ye muso ye nka muso bɛɛ tɛ hɔrɔnmuso ye, bari baramuso ni furumuso bɛ yen barri furumuso bɛ yen
dugutigi = dugu (danfaratɔgɔ) + tigi (bakuurutɔgɔ) tigi bɛɛ ye tigi ye nka tigi bɛɛ tɛ dugutigi ye bari waritigi bɛ yen
siigiyɔrɔ = sigi (danfaratɔgɔ) + yɔrɔ (bakuurutɔgɔ) yɔrɔ bɛɛ ye yɔrɔ ye nka yɔrɔ bɛɛ tɛ sigiyɔrɔ ye, bari dayɔrɔ ni jɔyɔrɔ bɛ yen.
C. Daɲɛ dorokolen bɔcogo ɲɔgɔn da fɛ
An b'aw Ladɔnniya ko daɲɛw dorokocogo sariya ye tɔgɔ jɔnjɔn blali ye daɲɛ laban na bamanankan na.
Misali: dibisogo ani sogodibi kan tɛ fɛn kelen ma. A daɲɛ fla bɛɛ kɔnɔ-kumadenw ye fla-fla ye wa kumaden kelen minnu bɛ fɔlɔ kɔnɔ o kelenw de bɛ flanan kɔnɔ. A kumadenw sigicogo ka Fɔ ɲɔgɔn kɔ o kɔni tɛ kelen ye. Dibisogo ye sogo dɔ tɔgɔ ye ninka sogodibi Kɛ dibi dɔ tɔgɔ ye. I b'a Ye nin misaliw la ko kumaden labanw de ye kuma kan bɛ min ma ye.
Misali:
serimalo (malo sugu dɔ)
maloseri (seri sugu dɔ)
ɲɔmugu (mugu sugu dɔ)
muguɲɔ (ɲɔ sugu dɔ)
sonɛgɛ (nɛgɛ sugu dɔ)
nɛgɛso (so sugu dɔ)
Dorokolen dɔw kumaden fɔlɔ Ye kuma kan bɛ min ma ye: jakumawara, sanuhɔrɔn…
D. Daɲɛ tonnen
O Ye daɲejuru ye min fla walima caman bɛ Fɔ ka fɛn kelen Kofɔ k’a sɔrɔ u tɛ Sɛbɛn ka Nɔrɔ ɲɔgɔn na u kanhakɛ cogoya fɛ. N’i y’u Sɛbɛn k’u Nɔrɔ o dorokolen bɛ fɛn wɛrɛ Kofɔ min ni u dorokobali kɔrɔ tɛ kelen ye. N’i y’a fan kelen Fɔ k’a tɔ To o tɛ a bɛɛ fɔli ɲɔgɔn fɛ kɔrɔ Jira.
Misali :
E. Daɲɛ dorokolen kɔrɔdɔn
Daɲɛ dorokolenw bɛ Don kɔrɔ minɛn minnu kɔnɔ k'u Suma ka Bɛn miiriya ma olu bɛ Walawala an fɛ yan. O minɛn ninnu bɛ i ko muulu n'i bɛ miiriya tɔgɔda-sababuw don a kɔnɔ i ko bɔgɔ kɛnɛ bɛ Don tufabɔnnan kɔnɔ cogo min na. Bɔgɔ tufaden bɔlen bɛ Kɛ ka sow Jɔ cogo min na, miiriya kura minɛnw donnen tɔgɔdon-minɛn kɔnɔ o bɛ tɔgɔ ɲumanw Dla minnu bɛ Bɛn u miiriyaw weeletɔgɔ hakika ma. An bɛ daɲɛ dorokolen kelen pe Ta k'o tɔgɔdon-minɛn Jira walasa an bɛ Tɛmɛ n'o fɛɛrɛ kelenw ye ko kuraw tɔgɔ dali la. O daɲɛ tɔmɔnen Bɛnna misidaba ma.
An bɛ ɲininkali Kɛ misidaba tɔgɔ Dara o minɛn kura in na cogo di? Yala n'a Fɔra mɔgɔ min ye ko misidaba hali ni a ma Deli ka minɛn in Ye a ɲɛ na a b'a Faamu wa? Yala ni mɔgɔ min ye o minɛn ɲɔgɔn dɔ Ye a bɛ Se ka tɔgɔ Da o la ni misidaba ta dacogo faamuya ye wa?
Ni ɲininkali fla ninnu jaabi ye ko awɔ o b'a Jira ko tɔgɔ kura dalen Bɛnna sababa ma. N'u jaabi Kɛra ayi ye, o kɔrɔ ye ko fɛn kura tɔgɔ dalen ma Faamu.
misidaba = misi + daba
Daɲɛ dorokocogo: tɔgɔ + tɔgɔ Farala ɲɔgɔn kan ka tɔgɔ kelen Di.
Tɔgɔ nalen fɔlɔ (misi) ye danfaratɔgɔ ye
Tɔgɔ laban nalen (daba) ye bakuurutɔgɔ ye
Tɔgɔ in bɛ Dala minɛn min na o tɔgɔda-sababu dɔw Flɛ:
- minɛn in ɲɛci ni an bolominɛn dɔ ta bɛɛ ye kelen ye min bɛ Weele an fɛ ko daba. A n'o bɔlen tɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ nka u ɲɛci ye kelen ye.
- minɛn in bɛ Sama misiw fɛ k'a ɲɛci Waleya, o waleyabaa ni an bolodaba kɔrɔ ta tɛ kelen ye.
bakuurutɔgɔ = daba
danfaratɔgɔ = misi
misali kumasen = misi bɛ Da daba min na k'a Sama.
Mabɛn fɛɛrɛ = baara waleyabaa + baara waleyaminɛn kan ka minɛn tɔgɔ Da.
kɔrɔko tɔgɔdon-minɛn = A ye baara waleyabaa ye min bɛ baara waleyaminɛn B Bla waleyali la
Tɔgɔdon-minɛn sugu ka ca. Miiriya kelen bɛ Se ka caman Sɔrɔ. Лɛnawolomani de bɛ Kɛ o la ni min y'i Dya k'o Ta.
Walasa tɔgɔdon-minɛnko ka Faamu a ɲɛ bɛrɛbɛrɛ ma, an bɛ a misali damadɔ Di fransɛkan ni anglɛkan ni bamanankan na. Fransɛkan na a bɛ Weele ko matrice. Anglɛkan na, a bɛ Weele ko matrix. O la, an b'an wasa Don
ACCT (1985, ɲ.63) ka gafe bɔlen Guide de reccherche en lexicographie et terminologie kɔnɔmisali dɔw la.
A ka c'a la, miiriya minnu bɛ tɔgɔ dali sababuya fɛn kura la ni dorokoli fɛɛrɛ ye olu ye:
- Fɛn kura ɲɛci/mago (kumaden dɔ ka kan ka Sɔrɔ dorokolen kɔnɔ min bɛ fɛn kura ɲɛci Kofɔ: wugufara, jiminfara ):
- Fɛn kura fanw tɔgɔ (kumaden dɔ ka kan ka Sɔrɔ dorokolen kɔnɔ min bɛ fɛn kura fan dɔ tɔgɔ Jira)
- Fɛn kura Dlara yɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen min kama (kumaden ka kan Sɔrɔ dorokolen na min bɛ mɔgɔ Sɔmi a bɛ mago ɲɛ yɔrɔ min na)
- Fɛn kura dlalen bɛ fɛn min kɔnɔ wali fɛn min b'a kɔnɔ (kumaden dɔ ka ka k'a Jira fɛn kura yankan b'a To a bɛ Don fɛn min kɔnɔ wali fɛn min bɛ Don a kɔnɔ)
- Fɛn kura Dlara ni bɔgɔ sugu min ye (kumaden dɔ ka kan ka Sɔrɔ dorokolen na min bɛ mɔgɔ hakili Lajigin minɛn in sogo ye fɛn kelen min ye: n'a sogo ye jiri ye, mana, nɛgɛ, fara, ...).
Blàdon : 2016-07-07 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2017-02-26
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