Bgayet
Bgayet : d tamaneɣt udmis akk-d usagen meqren n tamurt n Izwawen. S wazal n 1, 000 000 n imezdaɣ (2006) Vgaiet d ul akk d rruḥ (iman) n wegdud Azwaw. Sennig n teglest armi tura Bgayet tt-mmehreg-ed yal imdanen i tt-izedɣen neɣ i tt-iqurben.
[beddel] Amezruy
Amezruy n Bgayet i-ɛedda-d luluf n iseggassen, deg umezruy atrar, di tlemmast n lɛmer, akk d deg lweqt atrat; ayagi merra yennejmaɛ-ed tiḥkayin akk d tumgisent ɣef yiwet n temdint i yellan akbab n wasartu n wegdud amaziɣ.
Vgaiet; tunzart, d umyi, tahregt, idamen n tuddert n wegdud azwaw, Amarezg-ik kečč i tt-izedɣen!
Vgaiet gar lebḥer akk d d igenwan, gar assa d azekka, izri akk d imal. Tamurt n Iṭij i d t-yexttar-ren di yal zzman.
Di tazwara Bayet tella-d yiwet tmurt i yexlan. Amdan iban-d deg Bgayet azal n 5000 iseggasen uqbel n lweqt-nneɣ; Homo sapiens (s tutlayt Talatinit lemɛna-s: “amdan amusni” neɣ " amdan n tussna").
Numidia: deg lweqt n Numidia Vgaiet ur tesɛi ara lqima meqqran imi tella tebɛ-ed ɣef Cirta (tamaneɣt n Numidia).
[beddel] Ifniqen
Ifniqen llan qbel kullec d agdud amzenzu. ɣur-sen Bgayet tella yiwen wemkan anda zemren ad zenzen lqec-nsen, ad myibdalen tiɣawsiwin d imezdaɣ n tmurt , akk d abrid izm-asen ad ɛeddin am akken ad kemlen ɣer leswaq n tmura nniḍen; mazal yella armi tura yiwen n lmersa afniqi deg Azraruh (yeqreb ɣef Adrar u Farnu).
[beddel] Rruman
Seddaw Listiɛmar Arumani, mbeɛd lexsara n Yugurten, Bgayet ttusemma Saldae, tella yiwet n temdint n tastaɣt n lɛasker n Roma. Saldae tesɛa azal meqren deg temnatt tarumanit n Muretania Caesariensis.
Tilin n Rruman deg bgayet ur tesɛi lehna imi ahric ameqran n imaziɣen uginten.
Lamaɛna Iromaniyen bnnan-ed anagrawa n waman iwakken ad awwin aman ɣer tmiwa anda hwajenten imezdaɣ Iromaniyen n Saldae. Anagrawa agi i ttusemma “aqua ducere” (aqueduc s Tafransist)
Atas n lbenyan Aromani mazal-it ar tura, ur yeɣli ara, am temdint n Timgad.
Saldae tella daɣen yiwet n temdint deg tamasihit i sɛan akter n 690 n leǧwameɛ.
Iromaniyen s xeddmen-ed tasertit n takrit akk-d n aseɣred, fkan-ed tiɣermi tarumanit i wid akk i isteɛrefen s aɣmar arumani, dɣa mbaɛd leqrun n tilin deg Tafriqt ugafa, ahric ameqran n lɛesker n Roma deg tafriqt llan di imaziɣen, imi lxedma deg lɛesker n Roma tella d yiwen webrid ɣef tiɣermi tarumanit; ɣef wayagi ma an-nzer ɣef leqbur n uheric ameqran n lɛesker irumaniyen deg tafrqit ad naf d ismawen imaziɣen i g-sɛan.
[beddel] Iwandalen
Iwandalen rran Saldae d tamanaɣt-nsen (429-534) imi kecmen deg 429, Saldae tella yewit gar temdinin i sɛan n ccan deg umenkad Aromani ɣef wayagi lexsara-inis tella d yewit n tawaɣit ɣef agdud Aromani.
Ivandal ǧǧan-ed ahric ameqran n lɛesker deg Saldae imi d asutel n tazermant mgal ayen yeqimen deg amenkad arumani, i tella.
di lwegt-nni imezdaɣ n Saldae llan d ibizantiyen akk-ed kkra in imaziɣen kkan.
Ivandaliyen ur ddumen ara g Bgayet imi deg 534 Ibizantiyen keccmen ɣɣer Saldae ssufɣen-ed Ivandaliyen ɣer berra staɛmren-ed Tafriqt ugafa.
[beddel] Ibizanten
Amenkad Abyzanti i dumm-ed deg Tafriqt ugafa s 534 armi i gxser amgaru mgal Iɛraben wid bdan Ttrad n Lesteɛmar n Tafriqt g Lqern wis VIII (wis tmanya) (azal n 642 -705). Ibizantiyen s tazemmalt-nesen ur tɛettelen ara imi negren isutel n ivandaliyen deg Saldae. ger tamawt, ladɣa lvandal xxesren ayen sɛan deg Tafriqt, qqimmen-ed deg Bgayet ɛaccen ger imaziɣen almi ur ttwaɛqeln ara merra imi d imaziɣen tura i gellan. Ayagi merra d ayen i d-itran ɣef irumaniyen akk-d ibizantiyen daɣen; ayagi d lwert aqdim n wegdud amaziɣ ur zemren atnekren.
[beddel] Aɛraben
Listiɛmar aɛrab d lestiɛmar i d-iǧǧan tikta meqren akter n wiyad ɣef umezruy ni imaziɣen. Iɛraben xellfen ibizantiyen deg 705 almi deg azal n 972. Lestiɛmar aɛrab n tmurt n imaziɣen d yewit n twaɣit i tella ɣef imaziɣen di tazwara armi rebhen telelli-nsen deg lqern wis VIII.
Takrit ni iɛraben ur tzgir ara tirugza n imaziɣen, lamɛna imaziɣen llan ɛyan imi ttnaɣen-ed atas n isegassen mgal iɛdawen i d-izzin-asen di yal tama daymi xesren amgaru mgal iɛraben.
Imaziɣen kemlen atas n leqrun mbeɛd amgar-nsen mgal iɛeraben seg wemkan ɣer wayed, mgal yewet n tgeldit taɛrabt ɣef tayed, armi deg (972–1148) imi yewit n tageldit tamziɣt , Iziriyen (972–1148) s timelwi n Ziri mmi-s n Menad, tettf-ed tazmart deg Dzzayer. Tallit agi tella yewit n tallit ur nesɛi lehna imi teččur s imenɣi akk-d tarkukitt, Lqern wis XI akk-d 13 walan-ed assexdem ameqran n tutlayt taɛrabt, imi yebda-d deg Lqern wis XI anbaz amenyut n yewin n wedrum aɛrab d-ikkan si Maṣer yettuseman Banu Hilal, deg zdaxel n ul tmurt n imaziɣen.
Imi ifatimiyen (yewet n tgeldit taɛrabt i g-hekmen deg Iɛraben imi staɛmren-d tamurt n imaziɣen) wexxren-ed abud-nsen ɣef Maṣer deg 972, mmi-s n Ziri ittusemman Buluɣin (971-984) yettwakelf-ed ɣef tafriqt ugafa. Awexxar n tanawt taɛrabt ɣef Maṣer ishel-ed asnulfu n tageldit n Iziriyen seddaw Ḥammad mmi-s n Buluɣin imi rebhen-ed imaziɣen tanaya-nsen.
Deg 1090 Iḥamadiyen, aferkaw n Iziriyen, xedmen-ed Bgayet tamaneɣt-nsen; Ihemadiyen hekemen-ed deg ɣef Dzzayer azal n lqern (1008-1152) armi nezfen ɣef ddemma n wanbaz n Banu Hilal. Deg azal n 1152 Amussu n Tdukli (Lmuwahiddin s taɛrabt) ihudd tageldat n Iḥammadiyen.
[beddel] Amussu n Tdukli
Deg uzzal n lqern wis XII, Mmi-s n Tumart (a*. 1080 - a. 1130), ccix amziɣ n lǧameɛ akk-d amalway n ddin i snulf-ed tarbaɛt tamaziɣt n Amussu n Tdukli; Mmi-s n Tumart yura-d ahric ameqran n tiktabin n ddin s tutlayt tmaziɣt.
Ɛabd Lmumin (1094-1163), yewin seg inelmaden-is i t-id-xelfen imi yemmut, i snulf-ed taglelda n Tdukli deg Tin Mal ( tamdint deg talemmast n tmurt n Merruk).
Tagelda n Tdukli temɣ-id almi thekm-ed ɣef ahric ameqran n Tafriqt ugafa; Merruk deg 1146, Dzzayer 1151, deg 1160 hekemed ɣef ahric ameqran n Tamezɣa. Deg 1163 armi 1199, tikkelt tamezwarut deg umezruy n Tamezɣa, ahric amerqran n imaziɣen ɛacen seddaw yewit n tgelda tamaziɣt.
Akter n azal 300 isegassen Iziyaniyen, aferkaw n Tagelda n Tdukli, hekmen-ed ɣef Tamezɣa armi 1516 imi Iɛetmaniyen kecmen ɣef Dzzayer.
Tagelda n Tdukli, ɣas akken d yewit n tdukla tamaziɣt i tella, si tazwar-ines armi taggara-ines, ur tesɛi ara leqsed n usellek n agdud amaziɣ, imi d yewit n tajmaɛt n ddin i tella, ɣef wagi assexdem n tutlayt taɛrabt yettnecni deg tamurt imaziɣen imi ahric ameqran n imaziɣen ttwaɛrben-ed.
Lqern wis XVI yezra-d daɣen talalit n Tamurt n Izwawen deg talemmast n tafriqt, imi ahric ameqran n tafriqt i ttmuqlen ɣef rrif n lebher yella seddaw n lestiɛmar aɛutmani.
[beddel] Tadukli n Tamurt n wezwawen
Tanaya n izwawen tɛac azal n 300 issegasen armi taslekt tafransist deg 1830.
Cwit kan n ineɣmisen i d-nesɛa ɣef lmuda agi n umezruy n wegdud-nneɣ, ur neɛlim ara daɣen asmi tebda, imi ulac ikaramen ɣef agi. Ayen yellan mlba ccek, d wayen ixebbern iɣellaten n iɛetmaniyen deg tisekwla-nsen akk-d ikaramen-nsen deg lqern 16, Izwawen herzen-ed ɣef telelli-nsen azal n 300 isegassen.
Yal adrum deg timura n izwawen yesɛa aseqqamu ameqran n tadart-is i ghekmen fell-as, yal asqqamu yesɛa tejmeɛt, Di tajmaɛt agi tella yewit n tajmaɛct ɛlayen, llan imalwayen-nsen. Gar-asen, llan yergazen yettwasnen atas deg timura n izwawen imi llan irgazen s tirgugza.
Deg 1830 Asqamu Ameqran n wagdud Azwaw, i hekmen ɣef wegdud Azwaw merra, issawal-ed i ccix Amɣar ad yilli d amalway n iɛsekriyen n Tadukli n Tamurt n wezwawen ad harreb mgal Fransa akk-d ad iɛass ɣef tlelli-is.
Tirugza n ccix Amɣar tella sinnig taɣerfant-is sɣur agdud-s imi ihureb-ed almi tagara ɣef ayen yesɛn ccan; tilelli n tamurt-is akk-d n wegdud-is.
Deg tagara, agdud Azwaw ixxesr-ed ɣef ddemma n lqewa tatrart n Fransa akk-d lexdaɛ n ugeldun n weɛraben yettuseman ɛabd Lqader imi d-yefka takbabt-is ɣef Amtawa n Tafna wahid Fransa; ayagi yefka-d lweqt d lǧehd i Fransa at kemel ɣef ayen yeqimen deg lebɣi n Izwawen.
[beddel] Iɛetmanen
Iɛetmaniyen seddaw n timelwi n Khairr ad-Din d w'ayetma-s ɛaruj, i d-xelqen atrar ussamer n Dzayer, bdan asseɣwel n tama agi am asutel n ifflisen n ddunit merra. Taflist-nsen ternu, temɣid ɣef lqrun 1600; taflist mgal lbaburat n Lmarican g Lebher-nneɣ sebba n Ttrad n Taflist Tamezwarut, akk-d Ttrad n Taflist Tis Snat, anda mutten atas n imddanen.
Bgayet deg lweqt nni ur tesɛi ara atas n lɣaci mi ahric amerqran n imezdaɣen-ines llan kkra d imaziɣen akk-d atas n iflisen d lɛasker iɛetmaniyen s tawacult-nsen.
[beddel] Taslekt Tafransist
Mbeɛd n lexsara n ccix Amɣar, Aheddad, akk-d Fadma n Summer, ahric amqran n inelmaden-nsen ttwanfan ɣef La Nouvelle-Calédonie; ɣef tagara n taslekt n Fransa atas n lɣaci xesren ixammen-nsen, akal-nsen, akk-d lherma-nsen.
ɣef agi azal ameqran n lebni n Bgayet d Fransa i t-yebnan imi thud ayen yellan aqbel n taslekt.
Fransa tebna-d lmersa n Bgayet akk-d talemmast n temdint.
Fransa teqim deg Bgayet azal n 100 n isegassen armi texser lherb deg 1962.
[beddel] Bgayet n Tura
Imi irumiyen ffɣen-d Izwawen keccmen-ed ɣef talemmast n temdint; Bgayet tezra timeriwt tameqrant n imezdaɣen; ussan agi Bgayet s lmersa-ines tella yewit n temdint i mqren deg tamurt n Izwawen.
[beddel] ta rakalt
[beddel] ti ɣiwanin n Bgayet,Vgaiet
Llant 52(sumset sin) n te ɣiwanin deg Bgayet
[beddel] Tignatin n Vgaiet
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Tamdint n Bgayet seddaw n wedrar n Yemma Guraya
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Axxam n yedles "Taos Amrouche" n Bgayet
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Tasdawit "Abderrahmane Mira" n Bgayet
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UL = Uqbel n lweqt-nneɣ
a = azal n
Iseddagen:
Asmel n tamdint n Bgayet azwel n uzday
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05.
http://www.bartleby.com/65/al/Almohads.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammadid
http://www.kabylia.info/index.php/Kab/Bgayet
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