1- Asenked n wungal
Ungal “Tameddit n wass” d ungal amezwaru i tura Laɣa Zuhra. Yeffeɣ-d Yer tezrigin Imru (Tizi-Wezzu) deg useggas n 2020. Yevḍa Yef 18 yixfawen deg teYzi n 128 n yisevtaren. Deg ungal-a, tules-d tudert n Saɛid gar tmurt d yinig, d tudert n Yiqvayliyen n deg yiseggasen 1920 d asawen.
2- Asenked n tmarut
Laɣa Zuhra tlul ass n 19/06/1987 deg Yiɛeẓẓugen di taddart n Yibḍac, taɣiwant n Tmizar yeṭṭafaren lɛerc n At Jennad. Tesɛa agerdas n Master deg tutlayt d yidles amaziɣ i d-tuwi deg tesdawit Mulud At Mɛemmer. Tella d taselmadt deg uYervaz unnig n Buzerriɛa akked uYervaz alemmas Ḥellic Ḥusin deg Tizi-Wezzu.
3- Taqsiṭ d yisental n wungal
Taqsiṭ tezzi Yef Saɛid, awadem agejdan n wungal. D netta i d-yettalsen tudert-is segmi i d-yuYal seg yinig. Akken d ilemẓi, niqal xeṭṭven-as taqcict i iḥemmel “Yamina”, yessarem ad yeg axxam u ad ikemmel tudert-is yid-s akked yemma-s. Maca aḍeggal-is iveddel-it s urgaz-nniḍen i yesɛan cci. Annect-a ijreḥ-it aṭas, ur yesvir ara i tyita i t-iḥuzan dYa yefra-tt d rray-is ad yuYal Yer Fransa, acku ma yeqqim deg tmurt, yeḥsa ad yawi tamgerḍt.
… Amek ara waliY Yamina i ḥemmleY, urǧiY acḥal n lesnin, yuwi-tt wayeḍ? … neY tacmat-nni n vava-s yeččan nnif-is, iveddlen argaz s udrim. Lukan ad qqimeY di tmurt, ḥala lmut ara t-nYeY. Ad ruḥeY axir ur t-ttwaliY ara gar wallen-iw. Tif lYerva, wala ad d-ggriY di lḥevs. Sv. 35
S taYect n Saɛid, tamarut teglem-d aḥulfu n uYriv ara yeǧǧen taddart-is d wayen akk ɛzizen fell-as akken ad yaY avrid n yinig.
TedduY ttruY am uqrur-nni amecṭuḥ teǧǧa yemma-s, yejreḥ yiẓri-s seg yimeṭṭi… tedduY am umesluv. UwiY avrid ḥedd ur t-issin, lǧerra deg-s ulac tuYalin, ay aḍar terja tikli. ǦǧiY-kem di lehna a tamurt d yemma taɛzizt d tzemmurt. Sv. 37.
Leḥzen d wurrif iḥuza ula d yemma-s ara yevḍun d tasa-s. Mačči d ayen isehlen fell-as. Tedda yid-s ar tewwurt, teṭṭef-as afus tettru.
... RefdeY tabalizt-iw, deg umnar n tewwurt, teṭṭef-iyi-d deg ufus, tenna-yi-d: “Ɛahed-iyi a mmi, ad d-tuYaleḍ, ma tkellex-ak Fransa!” … Tserreḥ i wallen-is d leḥmali, tedda-d yid-i, tleḥḥu tettru armi ffYeY taddart. UwiY ul-iw deg yidikel-iw, ur vYiY ara ad nneqlaveY, ẓriY mazal-itt teṭṭafar-iyi-d s tmuYli. Sv. 37
Saɛid am yiminigen akk yettidiren di lYerva, xas yufa levYi-s dinna, maca ul-is ur t-ihenna ara. Yezga yettraju ma ad t-id-taweḍ kra n tevrat ara as-d-ifken isallen Yef taddart-is, ladYa Yef yemma-s tawḥidt i yeǧǧa deg tmurt. Yuḍen aYvel-is. Yezga yesteqsay amek tella, d wamek i as-gan wussan:
Tameddit n wass, di temdint n Lkurs, di Fransa, rrif n Lpuṛ, d tama n levḥer, di tazwara n bujamber n useggas n 1933, nniɣ-as “ Ass-a ad lḥuɣ cwiṭ, ad walint wallen-iw, ad yennefsusi lxaṭer-iw yemɣumbasen acḥal aya.”…
Ul-iw irkev-it lxiq, yeɛmer s wurfan. Tura ɛeddan ugar n xemsa n yiseggasen daɣen, ur ẓriɣ tamurt. Ahat qriv aseggas tura, ma ur iɛedda ara, ur d-ṭṭifeɣ tavrat sɣur Muḥend-Akli, yis-s kan i selleɣ lexvar n tmurt d yemma taɛzizt. Ahat ula d netta yettu-yi, yedha d yiman-is. Ɣur-s lḥeqq, mačči am nekk i tkellex Fransa, fell-as ad nxeddem am ṣṣveḥ am tmeddit, lxedma n ukeṛfi. Akka i truḥ temẓi-nneɣ, gar yifassen-nneɣ ur tt-nwala.
Ihhh, yemmekta-d wul-iw tamurt, d wayen akk iɛeddan fell-aɣ. Neɣ xas tameɣvunt-nni n yemma ǧǧiɣ weḥd-s acḥal aya, amnedra amek tella ! Wissen ma tečča alqim, neɣ tensa mebla imensi! Sv.68-69.
D ayen i yuggad i yeḍran. Saɛid yeṭṭef tavrat i as-yura umeddakel-is Muḥend Akli, anda i as-yessaweḍ yir isalli n tmettant n yemma-s. Yettru almi yejreḥ yiẓri-s imi ala nettat i as-d-yeqqimen d rriḥa n yimawlan-is, truḥ tkemmel ula d nettat. Dinna i yeggul ur mazal ad d-yezzi Yer tmurt.
…Tamurt dayen, adieu! Acu ara xedmeY din? Ad qqimeY di lɣerva, ad rkun yiYsan-iw da, ad mteY d aYriv. Akka i yura deg unyir-iw. Sv. 73.
Saɛid ikemmel tudert-is di Fransa. Ugar n 50 yiseggasen Yef yiwen uvrid. Iruḥ d ilemẓi, yufa-d iman-is d amYar yeffel i tizi n 70 d aseggas. Akka i d lYerva. Tazmert-is tevda txetti, almi ur yezmir ara i tikli s waṭas. DYa yeṭṭzf-d avrid n tuYalin, innejmaɛ-d Yer taddart-is ad ikemmel dinna ussan i as-d-yeqqimen deg wakal n yimawlan-is. DYa yefreḥ aṭas imi d-yufa ameddakel-is n temẓi Muḥend Akli, ukkud ara yetwennes. Qqimen akken, yal wa yettales-d ayen i iɛeddan fell-as.
…Ɛaceɣ ugar n 50 n ssna di Fransa, yiwen n wass ur ḥusseɣ s wayen ttḥussuɣ di taddart-iw ; ul-iw yuɣal-d d aleqqaq, mačči d winna ibnedqen di lɣerva. Lukan d temẓi i d-izewwiren ɣef tewser yili d awezɣi ad ǧǧeɣ tamurt ; maca akken yeqqar urumi “ c’est trop tard ”. Ula i d-texdem nddama n taggara. Ndekwaleɣ-d tameddit n wass, tferfer-iyi temẓi. Sv.128
4- Isental-nniḍen
Xas ungal yezzi Yef teqsiṭ n yinig n Saɛid d tudert-is deg lYerva almi d tuYalin-is Yer taddart. Maca, tamarut tessekcem-d isental-nniḍen, icudden Yer tudert d tmetti taqvaylit n zik:
4.1- Zzwaǧ n zik
Deg wungal-a, massa Zuhra tefka-d tamuYli Yef lɛeqliya d ttexmam n twacult deg tmetti taqvaylit n zik ɣef wayen yerzan tamsalt n tisulya, anda i d-tesken dakken zwaǧ yettili-d tikwal s tmara, ladYa mi ara d-iḥettem uvavat i mmi-s taqcict ara yaY xas mačči d tinna i yefren wul-is. Aya-gi ivan-d deg teqsiḍt n Muḥend-Akli, ameddakkel n Saɛid, imi imawlan-is kkan-d nnig levɣi-s, uɣen-as-d Taseɛdit, i yellan d taǧǧalt yerna tegla-d s urviv (mmi-s Ceɛvan).
D imawlan-iw i tt-ixedmen, d nutni i yi-yextaren, kkan-d nnig levYi-w. RYiY, ur ufiY i wumi ara iniY, ḥala uḍan ttɛawazeY i yitran, d nutni i d irfiqen deg wuḍan n ccetwa Yezzifen… baba yextar-iyi yelli-s n yelli-s n xali-s Taseɛdit. D taǧǧalt, yerna tesɛa mmi-s, tugar-iyi s kra n lesnin. Ass-nni i tevda lmeḥna. Ur yi-icawer ara ula d aciwer…” sv. 22
4.2- Azal n uqcic deg twacult
Timetti taqvaylit n zik d tin i yefkan azal ugar i uqcic wala i teqcict. Irgazen ttḥebbiren ad d-sɛun aqcic s wayes ara refden iqerra-nsen di tejmaɛt. Daymi ula d tameṭṭut tettaggad limer ur d-tettaǧǧa ara argaz ara as-yilin d afus i vava-s, ma ulac ad yeYli wazal-is deg twacult neY ahat izmer ad d-tennevru akkya. Taluft-a d tin i yeḍran d Tseɛdit, imi yuY lḥal tesɛa yakan taqcict, asmi terfed tikkelt-nniḍen, tessarem d aqcic ara yernun Yur-s akken ad tessefreḥ argaz-is d yimYaren-is, ar taggara yeffeY-d d taqcict. Tettru aṭas Yef zzher-is ur tt-nvudd ara s uqcic ara yeǧǧen argaz-is ad tt-iḥemmel, imi teẓra yuY-itt sennig levYi-s.
Taseɛdit tserreḥ i yiẓri-s, yeɣleb lehwa n nnisan, tebɣa ad as-d-tesɛu aqcic i Muḥend-Akli, adyefreḥ, ahat ad tbeddel teswiɛt gar-asen, ad yuɣal ad tt-iḥemmel. Maca zzher n umeɣbun deg uceqquf i iteddu. Ma yerbeḥ ubujil, ulac win ara i irun, lhem n Taseɛdit mačči n yiḍelli nneɣ n wass-a, d imezgi, urǧin i d-tecriq fell-as, tmeɣbunt-iw ! Lhem ur d-nnusi d abrid ur d-yufi.
__ Ayen tetteruḍ, a yelli ? Tagi d tikci n Sidi Rebbi ṣebḥanu. Ncalleh ur ifat sseɛd…
__ Ahya yemma Malḥa ! Bɣiɣ ad ken-id-sferḥeɣ. Ẓriɣ tebɣam ad yeɛmer umur n mmi-tewn, ad yesɛu aqcic. S wayes ad t-id beddren di tejmayɛit…
Allen-is serrḥent d tiregwa, tenehheq deg yimeṭṭawen. Tegguma ad tt-snexfet.(sv.60)
4.3- Ansayen d teflas n zik
Tameskart n wungal tejva Yef wansayen n zik. D ansayen i d-mazal ar ass-a, maca tefka-asen rruḥ ilmend n tallit-nni. Win ara yeYren ungal-a ad iḥulfu s tiẓeḍt n yimir-nni. LadYa tallit n ulqaḍ n uzemmur (sv.44), neY ansay n tmecreḍt (lewziɛa) i d-tessegza amek i tt-xeddmen seg uverraḥ alma d afraq n uksum. (Sv.38-39)
Msefhamen lɛeqqal d yimɣaren n taddart-nneɣ, “Taddart Ufella”, am leɛwayed iɛeddan, akken ad nexdem lewziɛa. Timcreḍt n yiweǧǧiben, tettili di tewwura n useggas. Yal ḥertadem, at taddart ttaɣen tayuga n yizgaren, xeddmen timecreḍt. Qqaren ad nweǧǧeb, ad nsizzel idammen, ad tili lɣella, ad ṭṭuqten waman, ad nqareɛ lebla. Tettili di tuget deg waggur n tuber imir-nni i d-tettes. Ur nveddu ara tayerza, ur tteffɣent ara tyugiwin…Alma nexdem lewziɛa. (Sv.38)
5- Tutlayt d uYaniv
Tutlayt n wungal d taqvaylit n yal ass. Teshel i tegzi. Maca tecveḥ d ayen kan. Tseqdec kra n wawalen d iqvuren i d-teḥya seg tjaddit. Ma d tasiwelt tecveḥ ugar. ImeYri ad yekcem deg wul n teqsiḍt, ad iḥulfu s lferḥ d lqerḥ n yiwudam. Amzun yella yid-sen. Ayen i as-yernan ccvaḥa d asemres n kra n yinzan : (sv. 44-46-100) d uglam n yiwudam Faḍma d Baya. (sv. 21-115).
Tira n Laɣa Zuhra tmal Yer tira n Mezdad (iḍ d wass), ma d asentel agejdan yesmektay-d Racid Ɛellic i d-yuwin Yef yinig n Ɛmer deg wungal Faffa. ImeYri i yeYran ungalen-a, ad iḥulfu s cwiṭ n wasaY i ten-icerken, xas mgaraden daxel.
6- Taggrayt
Γer taggara, ad d-nini dakken ungal “Tameddit n wass” d ungal i d-yefkan ttvut Yef tezmert d ccvaḥa taseklant n teqvaylit. Seg yinig n Saɛid seg taddart Yer temdint n Corse ar tuYalin n Lwennes, d Uceɛvan i tenYa lgirra n 1945 d wuzzu n tasa n tyemmat… imeYri ad ynig, ad icax gar yisevtar i d-yettalsen taqsiḍt n yal awadem n wungal. LaYa Zuhra tessevgen-d dakken imal n wungal n teqvaylit d win yessefraḥen, amarezg n win ara t-iɣren.
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