Tura‑t: Asmaa Aouattah
Xirebbi i dd-wwiɣ ttrajiɣ ḥuma ad ffurjeɣ gi tesɣunt “Akud n umengi-Tiempos de guerra” i dd-tsseɛda Antenaɛ g umeggaru n 2017. Zi ssin, temmutti ar Nitfliks. Nnan-ay qa tessawal x Arrif, s uyenni i day-iṭṭef x-s imezri. Necnin amezruy-nnɣ, kter min iqqnen ɣer umenɣi ag iḥewwasen, ɛad ur t-neẓri g umiẓar niɣ d usinima. ɛad nettraja.
Min tekka tesɣunt “Akud n umenɣi” txeddem, d nec ttmuttuyeɣ jer n takayin am udrar arusi mix ssawalen, d twaɣit n Arrif tettemɣur g-i, ar wami dag-i teqḍeɛ nnefs.
Ad nini tidet, “Akud n umenɣi” d ijjt n tesɣunt ittxezzaren ɣer umezruy zeg ijjt n tɣemmart n umquddi d teɣdemt. Merra mi tesnuffer “tayri n tmurt” d “umenɣi x tmurt” zi tmukrisin g-sen ttaɛeddu d ameqqran x ufgan, tasɣunt-a tekkes x-s afrag. Arrcwt d useḥqar g ummas n lɛesker aseppanyu, afraz jer n ineɣmisen i ɣa iffɣen ar iwdan ad ten-ɣren, d yinni ixessa ur tteffɣen, areyyi n tgelda tasppanyut gi tɣawsiwin n umenɣi, amecway jer n ikluṣa n lɛesker n wakud-nni, atg…
Tasɣunt tesskan-anɣ udem n tayri d tudert. Tudert n ufgan teswa kter zi kulci. Afekki d usenjem d usgenfi n inegzam d imehlak d inni immenḍren yujer kulci.
Tesskan-aneɣ-dd ɛawed ijj n wudm n umquddi jer n temɣart d wergaz, gi mani wwḍent temɣarin n wakud-nni. Tifermliyyin n Usbitar n Kruc tazeggʷaɣt (gi Mlilt), d tweqqaft-nsen, beddent g wudem n merra wi ikerhen tamɣart ad texdem, ad tili am urgaz, ad ɣer-s yili array-ins gi tmeslayin i ittemsaran.
G ummas n umenɣi, tayri tettraḥ d tamzgarut. Magdalena tewwi Lɛerbi, ijj n urifi d ameslem, ixeddem, izeddeɣ gi Mlilt.
Wen niɣ d ten ur illin zeg Arrif, a das-dd-tas tesɣunt tekna, tcewwer, tesslufa i wul. Maca nec zeg Arrif, s uyenni i neɛleɣ ass mig ẓriɣ “Akud n umenɣi”.
Merra min ɛawdeɣ s nnj x tesɣunt d imenzay (príncipes) mizi tessemɣur: tayri, amquddi, taɣdemt,… I ismunan iwdan n umaḍal ammen ikmel, gi tesɣunt-a, qqnen-ten ar ijj n waydud, ijj waha, aydud aseppanyu.
Wi ittmenɣan ḥuma ad issenjem tudert n yewdan? Aseppanyu.
Wi iittmenɣan ḥuma ad teddr tayri s ufella n kulci? Aseppanyu
Min ɛnant temɣarin-a tizeɛɛamin i yucin ixf i tmettant ḥuma ad sgenfant inegzam? Tiseppunya
Mani ittuqiɛ manaya qqaɛ? G Arrif
Min raḥen ad ggen yewdan-a qqaɛ g Arrif? Ila din amenɣi jer n irifiyyen uka raḥen ad ten-fekken?
Mala nessufeɣ tasɣunt zeg uqwir-ines amezray, tettas-aneɣ-dd amxmi tuqeɛ gi ci n tmurt suggen-dd x-sen iḥewwasen, ayt bab ines munen ḥuma ad ten-ssufɣen.
Maca rid ammen, tamunt-a n iseppunya tuqeɛ ḥuma ad suggen x Arrif, tamurt n midden, tamurt-inu. Inna-asen yexf-nsn ad din raḥen ad hejmen, ad ṭṭfen, ad nɣen. S manaya mizi teddaḥa tesɣunt “Akud n umenɣi”, trennu ɛad tessawal x tayri, amquddi d teɣdmet.
Tfehmem/t ci? Ula d nc ammn.
Ssnɣ illa amenɣi n Arrif ijja g isppunya tifeqqḥt d tameqqrant. Mmuten-asen din min ur ittenfekkin n yewdan, ttrun x-sen. Ssneɣ illa inni d iwdan, ila g-sen buḥbel am necnin, leḥbab-nsen d isppunya merra ula d netnin d iwdan ɣer-sen ul, qqsen-asen lɛeskar i iraḥen d imeẓẓyanen, ur dd-dwilen (ittɣima mig ten ɣa infeɛ uxerres-a d tɣuri i ssin dd ɣa ksin). Manaya kulci zemmreɣ ad fehmeɣ g ijjt n tesɣunt n lqern 21. Maca zi manaya ad taweḍ tesɣunt ad teqleb taqrabt, a das-terr udem ar wadday i umezruy, ad teḥseb aḥewwas d ameɣrus, ameɣrus d aḥewwas, manaya d ljarima ad tt nernu ar ljarima n usuggi x Arrif.
Tasɣunt mix nessawal terẓa lmizan n uxezzar itterran argaz d netta i yuran, i yebnan amezruy n telsant “androcentrisme”, tuca awal i temɣart amuk t-tuca i tmijjwin nneɣni i isseɣden s jjehd n yinni itteḥkamen d yinni imeɣren (aɛsekri ameẓẓyan, imesɛi, ameslem n Mlilt). Maca axezzar uruppi “eurocentrisme” ittuddum-dd zeg-s manis ma mizi merra axezzar-nni asebḥan ittas-dd zeg ijjt n tɣemmart, taɣemmart taḥewwast issemɣuren, amuk d walu, s uḥewwes n tmura n midden, isseḥqaren ayduden nneɣni. I muk-as? Nessen illa asemẓiy n wayduden x-s i ittwabna uḥewwes-nsen.
Tasɣunt “Akud n umenɣi” tesneɛmil tettu illa amenɣi n Arrif ijja limart n tiqqest d uḥrirt d uxeyyeq x yewdan i iraḥen ula gi Arrif. Merra min imsaren yuɣa g iwdan-ines. Maca iwdan n Arrif rid rzun x-s, x umenɣi-nni d min dd-iwwi. D ijjt n twaɣit tewḍa-dd x-sen, wwin-tt-idd inni mig tuɣa tmessi n uḥewwes d ukecceḍ. D lɣillet n Imezri ameqqran ila g-s gi Seppanya ad teqqim d tanbaḍt i ittwaggen s tmura ttwaḥewwsent. Tawaɣit i umi yuca udem waydud arifi s tirrugza temɣar, tewwi-as-dd rrbeḥ, maca tewwi-as-dd ula d taxessart d tameqqrant. Ur din ci kter zi lesnaḥ akimawi i x-s dd-iseyyeb Useppanyu, Ufransis d Uliman (3 n tenbaḍin g wudem n yijj n waydud). Asuggi-ya i irran cal x tegduda n Arrif, issekmḍ tamurt, isḍerɣl iwdan, iwwi-dd tixessura nneɣni zi ssin d tsawnt.
Tasɣunt “Akud n umenɣi” ur tenni ula d awal x qqaɛ uya. Amexmi ur imsir. Arifi i dd-ittbanen gi tesɣunt, d lweḥc, d aɛeffan, d aqettal ur ireḥḥem, niɣ d ismeɣ. Waxxa amenɣi n Arrif idwel d amedya i waydudn n umaḍal i ibedden g wudm n iḥewwasen, Cehden x-s igrawliyyen amaknaw Maw Zidung, Hu Ci Minh, Tci Gibara.
Wi ɣa yawin x imeṭṭawen, ixiyyqen, arub i dd-ittemrusan xmi ittmetta ḥedd zeg iseppunya, niɣ igezzem ḥedd, ad ifsi, ad iru, ad ixiyyeq, ad iruba. Nec s timant-inu, yuɣa g-i min ẓriɣ gi tesɣunt. Ttruɣ, ttedɛuɣ g ixf-inu, mizi ttruɣ x tmettant n ijjn iraḥ ad iḥewwes tamurt-inu, ad ineɣ lejdud-inu. D tina d tisɣunin, d tina d timegga-nsent. S uyenni, asferyeḍ n umezruy i imsaren gi “Akud n umenɣi” am ssem iɣmes s tamment. Wi tt-ixedmen issen min ittegg, iqseḥ ad tesmeɣred x uḥewwes g wakud am wa bla ma a das-tɣemsed s takayin i issenhezzan ulawen. Maca ittu illa tasɣunt imken ad tt-ẓren iwdan lejdud-nsen nɣin-ten iseppunya mizi bedden-asen g wudem, ugin ad ten-jjen ad ggen gi tmurt-nsen min xsen.
“Akud n umenɣi” selleɣ g-s i yismawen n ledcur n tmurt-inu: Gurugu, Aberran, Iɣriben, Aɛerwi, … Ẓriɣ g-s udem n Mulay Muḥend, waxxa ɣir gi tesɣunt. Selleɣ-as issawal, drus maca ḥsen zi walu. Waxxa ammen, rid d Mulay Muḥend i nessen necnin. Iṣṣar Rebbi neɣra, nrezzu, nettseqsa, waxxa ur daneɣ-sseknen amezruy-nneɣ g idlisen n tineml. Nsell i wawal n lejdud, i yezlan d tenfas n zik. Tawengimt-nneɣ zedɣent tɣuyyiwin x ticcaḍ n idurar. Mala nettu, tiẓra n Nkur d Bads sfekkarent-aneɣ-dd kul ass.
Mulay Muḥend (argaz i isseɛdan tudert-ines d amennejlu, a twacunt-ines, imḍel gi tmurt rid ins) gi tesɣunt “Akud n umenɣi” d lweḥc waha, ɣer-s ul d aẓru ur ittḥinni. Xelli wami dasen-yerxu i ci n imeḥbas, ur tt-hṣiben d rreḥmet, ḥesbn-tt d taɣyuli.
Mulay Muḥend ittiq icttiḥen n useppanyu. Iɣil d tidet ad nefɛen Arrif. Irẓem-asen tiwwura, ur tent-ibelleɛ ar wami iẓra tidet. S uyenni t-ttsemman d aɣeddar.
Mulay Muḥend ur isugg x Seppanya. Wami idwel ar tmurt-ines zi dd-irwel zi lḥebs n Mlilt immernu ar uɣewweɣ arifi ila illan zi zik, am netta am merra tarwa n Arrif, waxxa idwel d amɣar zi ssin d tsawent. Mulay Muḥend wami tettwagg Tegduda n Arrif idwel issiɣ zi jjdid fus-ines i Seppanya d tmura nneɣni ḥuma ad ibedd umenɣi ad igem wafra. Ugin-as, ugin x-s. Tagduda n Arrif, gi tesɣunt mix nessawal, ḥessben-tt d ttehdid d ameqqran, amexmi iseppunya ɛemmers ur x-sen tekki tegduda. Ula d ijjt n tmijja, ad tini ci nneɣni.
Mulay Muḥend i ila illan x uzellif n uɣewweɣ arifi mri ixes ataf yudef Mlilt, ataf issufeɣ zeg-s iseppunya. Maca yugi. Mlilt teqqim amuk tella s array ines. Mri das-ẓrin ɣir manaya, ataf hant. Maca walu, tifraz n Mulay Muḥedn, tifraz n urifi imɣewweɣ qqiment ammen wessxent, waxxa iɛda ussa cḥal n wakud. Mulay Muḥend ur das-tt-kinen la gi tudert la gi tmettant.
Muk temsar, zi ɛdan qqaɛ anctuya n temrawin, axezzar ɣer umezruy ɛad d aḥewwas? Muk temsar ɛad llan yewdan ssemɣuren zeg uḥewwes d usuggi x wayduden? Ttun xelli d iwdan-nsen i yugin x umenɣi-ya waxxa udrusen, amaknaw min imsaren gi Ssimant Taberkant n Barsiluna aseggas n 1909? Muk das-ggin ssemɣuren s umenɣi iqḍa xelli x tagduda-nsen? Muk das-ggin ḥessben arifi i idafɛen x tmurt-ines d lweḥc, aseppanyu i x-s isuggen d rreḥmet?
Astiqa qqaɛ manaya yusa-sen-dd drust, rnun keffsen-t, irifiyen n tesɣunt ssawalen taɛrabt!!!Mulay Muḥend qqarn-as “ccix”. Mri ssiwlen ɣir taseppanyut (wami xsen suggen iseppunya) ataf nefhem. Ssawlen taɛrabt. Wi ɣa iẓren tasɣunt ur issin min din a das-izɣil irifiyyen d iɛraben.
Tamɣart tarifit tennuffer gi tesɣunt ur dd-tettbin illa zeg uɛrur gi ci n ssuq. Ijjt n twala, tban-dd ijjt n temɣart tettferraɣ-as atay i tnebjiwt-ines. Uka min yuqɛen? Kamira tesnuffer-as udem. Xmi ɣa tfehmem, sfehmem-ay. Mays kkint trifiyyin i iggin fus-nsent g umenɣi, swizant ag ayetma-tsent s usmutti n ineɣmisn, s usgenfi n inegzam d ucrak xelli s lesnaḥ? Min teqqard cem amya? Tihebbijun-nni mix ttkerfisen irgazen s uzil d yiḍ? Iwa safi?
Mays kkin ibniqen n Arrif may ila ttweqqaren irifiyyn tasɣart n bnadem, maɣar ur ten-dd-sbiyynen gi tesɣunt? Ci zeg ineḥbas-nni ixḍarn Arrif ad g-s qqimen, melken ag trifiyyin, qqimen din ar wami mmuten. Mays kkin irifiyyn umi ttwaqqessen izellifen, inni iḍḍreɣlen d yinni i ifferyḍen s ukimawi. Man tasɣunt mig dd ɣa ḍehren?.
Asggʷas-a ataf 100 n isgwwusa x umɣni n Unwal. Necnin g Arrif nettbedda ɣer tarnayt n irifiyyen, ɣer-neɣ d ccan imɣar mizi nuzzell x uḥewwas. Da, ɣer iseppunya, abeddi-nsen ad yili d ijj nneɣni. Ad neɛlen Abdelkrim, ad neɛlen muru, ad run x twengimt n yewdan-nsen amxmi iwdan nneɣni d izan.
Maɣar ixssa amya i ɣa tili, lebda? Maci d akud ad nesseqsa ixf-nneɣ ayududen i icerken amezruy-a, min ɣer nrezzu ad nbedd xmi ɣa dd-nidar amenɣi n Unwal?
Ad qqimen amya tterran s uɛrur i umzruy-nsen aḥewwas? Ad qqimen amya ur sqirrin s min ggin g Arrif d yewdan-ines? Ad qqimen amya sskanan Mulay Muḥend d irifiyen am luḥuc? Ad qqimen amya tteḥsabn imetlaɛ d imsugga maca iseppunya i iḥewwsen Arrif d imeɣras? Ad qqimen amya sneɛmilen ur ssinen ila aḥewwes d netta i dd-iwwin anetleɛ? Amya ɣa teqqim tmaziɣt n Mlilt d tayujilt gi tmurt-ines?
Muk dasnt ɣa negg i snat n twengimin, ta teccat gi ta, tawengimt taseppanyut d twengimt tarifit? Ad nessizwar amenɣi niɣ ḥsen ad nessizwar afra? Afra ibnan x umquddi d uweqqer jer n wayduden?
Ma ɛad nzemmar ad neḥseb illa din ayduden ḥsen zeg inni nneɣni? Tudert n ci n iwdan ḥsen zi tudert n yewdan nneɣni? Niɣ ad nessqer illa axemmem-a, issiwḍen ddunnit ɣir ar min illa aɛeffan, d akud ad t-nekkes, ur t-nẓerr xelli gi tesɣunin?
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