Izem
Izem, s umata, d aɣersiw n twacult n yemcac, d ameqran yernu yettwaɛqal s wemgerrad yellan ger ddkeṛ n nnta-yines. Ddkeṛ n "yizem" yesɛa aheylel (crinière, d awal amaheɣ), d acebbub ay s-iɣummen aqerru-yis, tamgerḍt-is, idmaren-is akk d weḥric seg weɛrur-is. Ma d nnta n yizem neqqar-as "tasedda", ur tesɛi ara aheylel yernu mecṭuḥet ɣef yizem.
Izmawen ttidiren ass-a deg Tefriqt, maca gran-d ciṭṭaḥ seg-sen deg Asya, deg yiwet n tama n Lhend. Zik, deg uzarmezruy, llan yizmawen la ttidiren ula deg Tuṛuft, aɣersiw-agi yenger deg lqern wis sin mbeɛd n Sidna Eisa ɣef lǧal n ṣṣyada.
Deg Tefriqt, yella zik yizem yettidir deg yal tama, deg yal tamurt. Ar ass-a mazal yeǧǧa-d isem-is ɣer yal agdud deg umenẓaw-agi. D acu kan, ɣas ma yella izmawen ttbanen-aɣ-d meṛṛa kifkif-iten deg ṣṣifa, maca sɛan aṭas n tdulemsit (sous-espèces) yettemgerraden ciṭṭ deg ṣṣifa akk d tiddi. Ger tlemsin (leṣnaf) n yizmawen yettidiren deg Tefriqt, nezmer ad d-nebder izem n Tmazɣa (lion de Barbarie, Panthera leo leo). D netta ay d izem ameqran akk yettwassnen, yernu ass-a yenger. Izem n Yimassayen (Panthera leo massaicus, semman-as ɣef yisem n yiwen wegdud n Tefriqt, Imassayen ikessen izgaren), d izem-nni ay yettidiren deg tsabant (savane) n Kenya d Tanzanya, deg Tefriqt tacerqit. Izem-agi meqqer ciṭṭ, yettidir deg uzaɣar anda ay yettṣeggid izgaren d yiɣersiwen niḍen.
Deg Asya, mazal izem la yettidir deg tmurt n Lhend, deg yiwet n tama qqaren-as Gir. Ṣṣenf-agi qqaren-as "izem n Asya" (Panthera leo persica) u qqimen-d kan seg-s 200. ɣas ma yella deg kra n tmura izem ur yettwassen ara neɣ ur t-mazal ara la yettidir dinna, maca medden ssnen-t, yesɛa isem deg tutlayin-nsen yernu yella deg tmucuha-nsen d tẓuryin-nsen.
Deg Tuṛuft, izem yenger azal n 20 leqrun ay-a, maca deg leqrun-agi meṛṛa, kemmlen medden la ttmeslayen fell-as, u mazal aɣersiw-agi yella deg tsugint-nsen.
Deg tmurt-nneɣ, izem mazal yettwassen yisem-is yernu yettwabdar-d ama deg yinzan neɣ deg tmucuha, u d aɣersiw yesɛan azal meqqren ɣer-neɣ imi izem d azamul n tezmert akk d tebɣest (lkuṛaj).
Deg Ccinwa, ɣas ma yella nnan-d dakk-n werǧin yedder yizem dinna, maca ar ass-a nezmer ad nwali isebdaden n yizmawen deg leqṣur ay bnan Yicinwaten n zik. ɣer Yicinwaten, izem yessebɛad yir leṛwaḥ u sseqdacen asebded-yines i wakk-n "ad iḥudd" leqṣur-nsen. Nnig way-a, Icinwaten sɛan awitay ay deg ḥessben agguren-nsen d yiseggasen-nsen i yiman-nsen, dɣa yal aseggas ttaken-as Yicinwaten isem, u yella ɣer-sen "useggas n yizem".
Izem n Tmazɣa yenger aṭas ay-a seg tmura-nneɣ. Izem aneggaru akk ay yettwanɣan deg Ldzayer, nɣan-t deg tgara n lqern wis 19 deg tama n Souk Ahras, deg ccerq n tmurt. Ma izem aneggaru akk n Meṛṛuk, nɣan-t deg 1922. D acu kan, gran-d kra seg yizmawen n Tmazɣa deg yelmaten n yiɣersiwen (zoos) deg kra n temdinin deg ddunit, am deg Rbaṭ, tamaneɣt n Meṛṛuk. Kra n yemnuda n tesdawit n Oxford, nudan ad d-rren izem n Tmazɣa ɣer yiwen wefrag aɣelnaw (parc national) deg yidurar n Waṭlas ameṛṛuki, maca ɣef wakk-n ɣriɣ, asenfar-agi (projet) yeḥbes imi tarbaɛt ay d-yelhan yid-s xuṣṣen-tt yedrimen.
Tamselyut[beddel]
- Omar Amastan Mouffok, imedyazen.
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