Timserẓa
Mreẓ zumba neɣ Tamserẓut (Assaɣ ussnan: Sitta) d tawsit n yigṭaṭ ičawčawen yeṭṭafaren tawacult n temeserẓatin igebren seg 28 n telmas s unect weswir agraɣlan n yigṭaṭ. Igṭaṭ-a d wid ilan (yesɛan) aqerru meqqren, aqamum d yiqejjaren ijehden d wedfar meẓẓiyen. Akken i tella tesfift tassufant d taberkan ɣef wallen n tuget n telmas n tewsit-a. Yakk d wafriw afellay ini-ines gar n uzegzaw d uzunɣid.
Tuget n telmas n mreẓ zumba ttidirent deg taganin n yideggan imnummsanen d yidurar deg wezgen agafan n tegnit. Maca llant snat n telmas sbanen-tt-d tannumi-nsent i tmeddurt deg yiẓra d yideggan iẓeɣlen yekkawen deg Urasya. D acu kan d ayen imrayen (iweɛṛen) ad yili usukez (aferreq) gar n telmas yemgaraden n tewsit-a, yerna tilmas-a yakk bennunt-d igedfen deg wuruzen n yisekla d ifexsiwen-is. Amur ameqran n telmas-a ttɣamayent deg yideggan i d-ufan i wakken ad idirent deg-sen ɣef teɣzi n useggas.
Timserẓutin tettent igumma n yimɣan am ugusim anda i nekkunt icelman-is, akken i tettent ibureɣsen i ttafent s ddaw n tginit n isekla.
Aylanen n tfekka[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Mreẓ zumba d agṭiṭ meẓẓiyen. Talɣa-ines d takerdist, tafekka-ines d tačurant, aqamum-is ɣezzif yerna d anamsad, ma d adfar-is gezzil, d yikacbaren igedren. Ini n uzagur n mreẓ zumba d azegzaw yakk d uzunɣid maca kra n telmas deg Asya lant azagur d azegzaw yakk d udemdam ma d aqamum-nsent iga d azeggaɣ d uwraɣ. Ma d amur adday iga d amellal immerwin s umakẓay neɣ am yini n ubrac yakk d učinay. Azuk n mreẓ zumba yettawaṭ ɣer 195 mm.
Timserẓutin yakk d timeẓyanin. Maca mgaradent deg webluɣ s unect (ɛla ḥsab) n telmas d trakalt (ideggan n tudert). Amedya, tilmas yettidiren deg tẓegwa tizumbiyin ttmilen-tt ad ilint meẓẓiy-it, yerna amili ayi yettwaskad ula deg teɣreft anda i ttidirent kra kan n temeserẓutin deg tjumma meqqren. Amedya deg waddad d tegnit n wadu-telmest n tserẓut tazegzawt (S. europaea), s unemgal n tserẓut tacafcalt (S. magna) igan d talmest tameqrant yakk deg tewsit-a anda i tettazen gar n 36 alamma d 47 g ma d addud-is 19,5 cm.
Tareygama d tikeli[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Taɣuct[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Timserẓutin d timesɣuyyutin, Akken i ssexdament ishirriyen (aṣeffer) yemgaraden (aslewlew d usuɣu n tɣuri).
Taẓuni d tmezduɣt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Taẓuni[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Timserẓutin d tidak yettidiren deg umur meqqren n wezgen agafan n tegnit, deg Tamrikt n Ugafa, Agafa n Temrikt talemmast, tuget n yideggan n Uruppa, ɣef teɣzi n Asya alamma d uzlem n Wallace yakk d kra n yideggan n tmurt n Yiqbayliyen. Maca tuggta tameqrant yakk d tin yettilin deg tamiwin timsedrarin n Asya talemmast d Asya n unẓul anda i ttidirent wazal n snat tmerwin (20) n telmas[1]. Akken i llant semmus (5) n telmas deg Uruppa, 4 deg Temrikt n ugafa, ma deg Tferka llant snat n telmas (Taserẓut tuwrasit (S. europaea hispaniensis deg yidurar n Arif[2], yakk d uṭeggal azegzaw deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen), maca snat n telmas-a d timidrusin s waṭas. Yakk d yiwet n telmest deg Tamrikt n Unẓul[1]. Tuget n telmas gant d timarkadin ɣef teɣzi n useggas, ma d talmest tamyiwent yettinigen d Mreẓ zumba azeggaɣ yidmaren (Sitta canadensis) yettinigen deg tegrest seg Kanada ar uneẓruf.
Tanezduɣt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tuget n telmas n tserẓut ttidirent deg tẓegwa timsedrarin timnummsanin. Maca llant snat n telmas «Taserẓut n Neumayer (S. neumayer) yakk d tserẓut weẓru (S. tephronota), msezgant i tmeddurt ɣef yiẓra deg yideggan iɣuraren n Urasya[4] : dɣa deg tegrest ttɣamayent deg taganin d yimudaɣ ma deg tsemhuyt n usegdef bennunt igedfen-nsent deg yikedran n yiẓra neɣ deg iseffuyla[5],[6]
Tasensartut d tennagrawt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Asesmel[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tamserẓut d tin yeṭṭfen adeg deg twacult n Sittidae i d-ikkan seg wawal agrik σίttn.[7]
Tawsit-a tella zik nni deg usesmel n Carl Von Linné aseggas n 1758.[8] ma d kra n tussniwin n usesmel, ssesmlent tawsit n mreẓ zumba d yigṭaṭ yettejgugulen ɣef yiɣraben deg twacult n Troglodytidae' deg tegrawt meqqren yakked usibbus.
Yerna d ayen imrayen (iweɛṛen) s waṭas usikez (uɛqal) n imgaraden yellan gar n telmas.[9] acku ideggan d tudert d yini d umyaraw n telmas d win yaggugen s yigimen (d win ibeɛden s luluf) n ikilumitren gar yal talmest d tayedṭ, maca ttemcabin deg temseknit d usemyef n yideggan n tmeddurt d usčewčew. Dɣa talmest n sitta ledanti d mreẓ zumba ameẓyan llan ttussesmlen d yiwet n telmest acku ssufuɣen-d yiwet n tɣect yerna ttemcabin deg tfekka.[10]
Taserẓut deg yidles[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tiwlafin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Ẓeṛ daɣen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ 1,0 et 1,1 Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise
incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées
MatthysenChapter1-7
- ↑ Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise
incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées
BWP1402
- ↑ Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise
incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées
MatthysenChapter1-8
- ↑ Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise
incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées
MatthysenChapter1-3-4
- ↑ Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise
incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées
BWP1404
- ↑ Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise
incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées
BWP1406
- ↑ Brookes, Ian (editor-in-chief) (2006). The Chambers Dictionary, ninth edition. Edinburgh: Chambers. ss. 1417. ISBN 0-550-10185-3.
- ↑ Linnaeus, C (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiae. (Laurentii Salvii). ss. 115. "Rostrum subcultrato-conicum, rectum, porrectum: integerrimum, mandíbula superiore obtusiuscula. Lingua lacero-emarginata"(Latince)
- ↑ Manegold, Albrecht (Nisan 2008). "Earliest fossil record of the Certhioidea (treecreepers and allies) from the early Miocene of Germany". Journal of Ornithology 149 (2): 223–228. doi:10.1007/s10336-007-0263-9. Archived 2018-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Pasquet, Eric (Ocak 1998). "Phylogeny of the nuthatches of the Sitta canadensis group and its evolutionary and biogeographic implications". Ibis 140 (1): 150–156. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1998.tb04553.x. Archived 2016-03-16 at the Wayback Machine
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