Ammas* n usselmed n tmaziYt d lqanun
ara as-d-iḥudden lecYal-is
*Centre
Ammas aYelnaw aslemdan
d wesnilsi i lmend n usselmed n tmaziYt (Centre national pédagogique et linguistique pour l’enseignement de tamazight)
sbedden-t-id deg useggas n 2003, d acu kan, seg wass-nni ay yeqqim ur yesei yettusseqeed seg sdaxel, ur banen lecYal-is.
Ammas-a (centre) d yiwen
seg tsuda (institution) ay d-yettusbedden i lmend n wesnerni n yedles d yiles amaziY u d yiwet seg tYawsiwin ay
d-terbeḥ tmaziYt [deg Ldzayer], imi ammas-a d win ara yesjehden asselmed d unadi deg wenrar n tmaziYt. Anadi
Yef tmaziYt ar ass-a weread ur yeqeid akk-n yessefk, llan kra n yemnuda d iwiziyen (bénévoles) u tikkwal
d Aseqqamu Unnig i TimmuzYa (HCA) ay d-ilehhun d uṣ̣eggem n lecYal n unadi imi ay yennum itteg-d ussan
n tezrawin (études), timliliyin n yimuzzag (spécialistes) d temliliyin niḍen, d acu kan, Yas ma yella timliliyin-a
ssuffuYent-d isemtar (recommandations), ulac tasudut ara iqedcen s yisemtar-a deg wenrar neY ad tḥettem medden
ad qedcen yes-sen. Ihi wa d yiwen seg lecYal ay
nessaram ad d-yelhu id-s wammas-a.
Anadi i lmend
n usseqeed n tmaziYt d kra n yemdanen yesean lebYi ijehden deg wul-nsen ay t-id-yebdan, u llan, s umata, qeddcen s tuffra.
Deg tgara n yiseggasen n 1960, Mohand Arab Bessaoud yessebded-d Agraw n YimaziYen (Takadimit TamaziYt), ma Mouloud Mammeri
yella la yesselmad tamaziYt deg Tesdawit n Ldzayer alama ay d asmi ay yettwamnee usselmed-nni deg 1974. Llan daYen aṭas
n medden iqedcen deg wenrar n unadi n usseqeed n yiles amaziY, aṭas deg-sen ur ttwassnen ara. D acu kan, Yas tessaweḍ tmaziYt tekcem
Yer uYerbaz (llakul) d tesdawit, ar ass-a weread ur telli tsudut (insitution) iqeddcen s lqanun yernu s tfulmant
(autonomie), ara d-yesgerwen akk inadiyen yettwagan uqbel, ad ten-qarnen s tussna u ad d-kksen seg-sen taslemda (pédagogie)
d tidaktit (didactique) ay Yef ara msefhamen akk wid iqeddcen Yef tmaziYt u ad zemren ad ten-sqedcen deg usselmed n tmaziYt ama deg tesdawit, ama
deg uYerbaz.
Aṭas n
yiselmaden d yemnuda (chercheurs) n tmaziYt ara iqeddcen i lmend n wesnerni n yiles amaziY ama seg yidis n wesnulfu
n wawalen, ama seg yidis n uṣ̣eggem n teYdirawt (orthographe) neY n tira n tjeṛṛumt (grammaire),
d acu kan, imi ur ttemlilin ara, leqdicat-nsen ur ttwassnen ara yernu yal yiwen iqeddec seg tama-s mebla ma yeẓra d
acu yettwagayen anda niḍen. Tagnit am ta ur tezmir ara akk ad aY-tejj ad nessizeY (standardiser) tamaziYt.
Deg WeYmis
Unṣ̣ib (Journal Officiel) uṭṭun 21, yeffeY-d weYtas agraYlif (arrêté interministériel) n wass n 28 MeYres 2007 ay d-iḥudden
lecYal d tuddsa (organisation) n Wammas aYelnaw aslemdan d wesnilsi i usselmed n tmaziYt (Centre national pédagogique
et linguistique pour l’enseignement de tamazight). Ammas-a yebḍa Yef ṛebea n yigezda itekniyen
(départements techniques), yiwen i tedbelt tamatut (administration générale), yiwen i teYwalt (communication), yiwen
i ussuffeY n yedlisen, ma d wayeḍ i usseqeed n yiles (aménagement linguistique). Ammas-a ad yeseu daYen tirebbae timecṭuḥin
ay yeqqnen Yer-s deg tmiwa yemgerraden n tmurt, u yal tarbaet ad teseu imḍebber-ines.
Agezdu (departement)
n usseqeed n yiles ad yeseu sin n yimeẓla (services) : amezwaru ad d-yelhu d usseqeed d wesnerni n wawalen n tmaziYt, ma
d wis sin ad d-yelhu d tesnalYa (morphologie), tasnislit (phonologie) d tseddast (syntaxe). Nnig way-a, sin-agi n yimeẓla
yessefk « ad walin ttejṛibat niḍen n usseqeed n yiles ayemmat ama deg tmurt-nneY, ama deg tmura niḍen,
ladYa deg tmura anda ay ssawalen medden aṭas n yilsawen ».
Γas ma yella aṭas n yejdal ay d-yeffYen deg Ldzayer Yef ttejṛibat
n yegduden niḍen deg usseqeed n yilsawen n tmura-nsen (am deg Biljik, Sswis, Kanada, atg.), d tikkelt tamezwarut ay deg ddula
n Ldzayer ad d-terr ula d nettat lwelha-ines Yer way-a. Ttejṛibat n yegduden-a d wid ay yessefk ad ttuqarnen u ad neereḍ
ad d-nesfaydi anect ay nezmer seg-sent. DaYen, d agezdu-a n usseqeed n yiles ara d-yelhun d « uheyyi n tegnit iwulmen i lmend n
ussebded n yiles amaziY izeY (standard) ara icerken akk ImaziYen ».
D ay-n ibanen
dakk-n ay-a maci d ccYel fessusen yernu d ay-n ara yeḥwijen aṭas n yiseggasen n leqdic. Akk-n ay d-yenna Salem
Chaker, assizeY n tmaziYt d win ara d-yilin ladYa deg wenrar. DYa, awal-a n « wenrar » ur d-neqsid ara yes-s tiṣ̣eddarin
kan n tesdawit neY tineYra kan (classes) n uYerbaz, wanag asdukkel n tmaziYt d win ara d-yilin ula deg ttawilat n uxebber
am tilibizyu d ṛṛadyu, iYmisen (ijeṛnanen) yuran akk d wawal d uqeṣ̣ṣ̣er gar
madden deg leqdic-nsen. Agezdu-a (department) yettunefk-as daYen ccYel n « lebni n yimawalen imuta (dictionnaires généraux) d tmawalin
(léxiques) yeqqnen Yer yinurar yemgerraden n tmussni ». Deg wenrar-a, yella yagi wacu ay d-yettwagan. Mouloud Mammeri
d wid ay t-yezwaren, am Dallet akk d Foucault, rẓan-d yagi asalu u jjan-d kra n leqdicat. Llan daYen kra n yemnuda, Yas ur
ttwassnen ara, maca gan-d timawalin yeqqnen Yer yinurar yemgerraden n tmussni, zemrent ad ttusqedcent u ad ttusselhunt.
Seg tama niḍen,
agezdu-a n usseqeed n yiles ad d-yelhu d unadi deg wenrar i lmend n usseqreb asnalYan-asnisli (morpho-phonologique)
gar tentalyin (dialectes) yemgerraden n tmaziYt, assebded n yigellusen (axes) n unadi Yef tesnalYa d tesnislit tamaziYt ama
deg Ldzayer, ama deg TmazYa akk d unadi n yinagrawen (systèmes) n tira d teYdirawt (orthographes) akk-n ad d-ttuheyyint
tjeṛṛumin (grammaires) i usselmed n tmaziYt deg uYerbaz (llakul).
Agezdu n tdidaktit,
n teslemda (pédagogie) akk d weḍfar n usselmed d win ara yeseun daYen sin n yimeẓla (services). Ineggura-a ad d-lhun d unadi aẓrawi
(théorique) neY deg wenrar, i lmend n ussebded n tdidaktit (didactique) ay yes ara slemden tamaziYt s yisem-is d tutlayt
tayemmat u d iles ara yeseun dduṛ deg tudert n unelmad, u ad d-lhun daYen d unadi Yef wamek ara ttusselmaden
tutlayin tiyemmatin d way-n yessefken ad yettwag akk-n ad yeqqel usselmed n tmaziYt igerrez, d win ay Yef nezmer ad nettkel.
Agezdu n tsekla
(littérature), tiẓuryin (arts), idles akk d tgemmi (patrimoine) taYelnawt tamaziYt ad yeseu ula d netta sin n yimeẓla
ara d-yelhun s ussebded n temkarḍit (bibliothèque) n yedlisen, ma d tayeḍ i tesfifin (cassettes) d yiḍebsiyen
n tmesliwt, tayeḍ i yisura (films). Agezdu-a ad d-yelhu daYen d tsuqilt (asṭerjem) n yedlisen seg tmaziYt Yer yilsawen niḍen,
neY seg yilsawen niḍen Yer tmaziYt, u ad yeg ifadden i wakk wid yebYan ad d-snulfun kra n tYawsa deg tsekla, taẓuri, amezruy (ttarix)
neY timetti (société) d tgemmi tidzayriyin.
Ma d agezdu
(departement) n tutlayin tiyemmatin ad d-yelhu “d tmussni n wakk imukan anda ay ttusseqdacent tutlayin tiyemmatin [deg
Ldzayer], tamussni n wakk tintalyin (dialectes) ay d-mazal ddrent deg tmetti (société) tadzayrit, d ussebed n tbanka n yisefka
(banque de données) n wawalen yettusseqdacen deg tutlayin tiyemmatin”. DaYen, agezdu-a n tutlayin tiyemmatin “ad
iYer Yef wazal d dduṛ ay tesea yal tutlayt tayemmat deg Ldzayer deg tmetti (société) d wassaYen (relations) yellan
gar tutlayin-a », u “ad Yren Yef wamek ara ttemqaraben tutlayin-a wagar-asent ».
Agezdu n tedbelt
tamatut (departement d’administration générale) ad d-yelhu d usseddu n lecYal n yiqeddacen d ttawilat n leqdic, maca,
nnig way-a, d netta ara d-yelhun d teYwalt (communication) (assaYen uffiYen [relations extérieurs],
assebded n udeg [site] n internet, assuffeY n yedlisen d leqdicat ay d-iga wammas [centre]), am wakk-n ara yeg timeskanin
tussnanin (manifestations scientifiques) u ad d-yelhu d weseeddi [valorisation] n leqadicat d yixemmimen ay d-gan wid ay iqeddcen
deg wammas-nni).
Deg wenrar n
tmaziYt, taggara-a, la neggar tamawt dakk-n madden qqlen la ttnadin Yef way-n ara inefeen, maci Yef yimenYiyen-nni n tsertit (politique)
ur nettṛuḥu ara Yer mebeid. DYa, tura neqqel nettxemmim Yef wamek ara nesseqdec ay-n ay d-terbeḥ tmaziYt i wakk-n ad tt-nenfee u ad
as-nessali aswir-ines (niveau) akk-n yessefk.
I wesmekti,
Belaïd Abrika, anesmigel (délégué) n leeṛac, mi d-yessawel deg wass n lexmis ieeddan [19 Yebrir] deg Ṛṛadyu
Tis Snat, yenna-d : “tura, 20 Yebrir ur d-yeqqim ara d azamul kan (symbole). Ur neḥwaj ara azamul ur d-nettawey
acemma. Yessefk ad nessutter seg ddula ad tessebded tasertit n tutlayt (politique linguistique) n tidet”. Nnig way-a,
Abrika yenna-d ixebber-d s ussebded n yiwet n Tkadimit n yiles amaziY u yenna-d dakk-n Yas ma yella aṭas ay d-terbeḥ
tmaziYt deg yiseggasen-a ineggura, taqaeet (plate-forme) n Leqṣ̣er yettwaxdem kan seg-s 20 %.
SYur Amar Naït Messaoud
Seg Dépêche
de Kabylie, 22 Yebrir 2007, uṭṭun 1485
Tasuqilt
: Omar MOUFFOK
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