Internet ed yigemmayen* niḍen
*agemmay : alphabet.
D iseggasen
ay-a seg wasmi ara ssutturent waṭas n tmura lḥeqq-nsent deg usseqdec n tira-nsent deg tirawt n yismawen n yideggen
(sites) n Internet, maca alama ay d aseggas-a ay yesteeṛef wudus (organisme) amarikani ay d-yelhan s way-a akk-n
ad ttusqedcent tira niḍen deg tansiwin (lladrisat) n Internet, menYir agemmay (alphabet) alatini . Tura, ismawen
n yideggen zemren ad ttwarun s lekmal-nsen s ḥdac n yigemmayen ed yinagrawen (systèmes) niḍen n tira am tira tihendiyin
ed tira ticinwatin.
Ass n letniyen (15 Tubeṛ), udus (organisme) amarikani amarikani ay d-yelhan ed tansiwin (lladrisat) n Internet
(Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers – Icann) ad yeereḍ ed yecriken-ines seg tmura niḍen,
ismawen n yinurar (noms de domaines) yettwarun s ḥdac n yinagrawen (systèmes) n tira, gar-asen tira n taeṛabt,
n tfarsit, n tcinwat taḥerfit (simple) ed tciwat tamensayt (traditionnelle), n trusit, n thendit, n tegrigit, n tkurit,
n teebrit, n tjapunit ed ttamulit.
Timeyyatin n yimelyunen n medden ay yesseqdacen tira-a zemren ad eerḍen, deg udeg (site) n ICANN, ad arun
tansiwin (lladrisat) n internet s tira-nsen akk-n ad sfeqden ma yella tteddunt. Zik, ICANN tella ur tqebbel ara ad ttwarunt
tansiwin n internet s lekmal-nsent s tira niḍen ma maci d agemmay (alphabet) alatini, dYa ala d aḥric amezwaru
n tansa ay yezmer bab-is ad tt-yaru s tira niḍen. Aḥric aneggaru, win umi qqaren ”isem n wenrar” (nom
de domaine), am ”.com” (i yideggen imzenziyen – sites commerciaux) neY ”.cn” i yideggen
icinwaten, Yef lemtel, yella yessefk Yef bab-is ad ten-yaru ala s 26-nni n yisekkilen (lḥuṛuf) n ugemmay
alatini imi d wid kan ay d isekkilen n tlugent (norme) n ASCII ay d-yettwagan deg yiseggasen n 1960. S way-a, win yettarun
s ugemmay asirili (cyrillique, am win yettarun s trusit), yezmer kan ad yaru aḥric
amezwaru n tansa-ines (adresse) s yisekkilen isiriliyen, maca ”.com” ad t-yaru s yisekkilen ilatiniyen. Win yettarun
s taeṛabt, zik, mi ara yaru tansa-ines, ad tira-nni n taeṛabt ad tteddunt seg uyeffus Yer uzelmaḍ,
ma d isem n wenrar (”.com” neY d ay-n niḍen) ad yettwaru seg uzelmaḍ Yer uyeffus. Maca tura,
ismawen n yideggen zemren ad ttwarun s lekmal-nsen s tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin. Aselway (président) n ICANN, Paul Twomey
yenna-d, deg udeg n wudus-a (site de l’organisme) belli ”ay-a ad yili d yiwen seg yibeddilen imeqranen akk ay
d-yeḍran deg Internet seg wasmi ay d-yennulfa”.
Γef leḥsab n ICANN, tira ay d-yettwafernen akk-n ad kecment deg ubeddel-a d tid n tmettiyin (communautés)
ay d-yerran lwelha-nsent u ssuttrent-d ad d-yili ubeddel-a. Deg useggas n 2000 ay fernen, deg ICANN akk-n ad steeṛfen
s tira niḍen ur nelli d tilatiniyin, maca uguren itekniyen (techniques) ed wuguren isertiyen (politiques) ay Yef
ur msefhament ara kra n tmura jjan ICANN ad teeṭṭel sebea n yiseggasen akk-n ad yeg abeddel-a.
Yagi, deg 2003, ICANN testeeṛef s ussekcem n tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin i lmend n tirawt n weḥric
amezwaru n yismawen n yideggen (sites). Gar way-a d way-n niḍen, azal n tnac n tmura, gar-asent Ccinwa, Rusya ed Kurya,
eyant seg uṛaji u snulfant-d i yiman-nsent tansiwin (lladrisat) s tira-nsent. Maca, seg tama niḍen, timura-a
llant bYant ur ttajjant ara ICANN ad yeḥkem deg tira-nsent, u ttwalint Iwunak Yeddukklen (Etats-Unis) d tamurt
iqehren akk timura niḍen deg wenrar n internet. D acu kan, ṛṛay ay ḍefrent tmura-a yegla-d s kra n
wuguren, imi ay d-snulfant isekkilen (lḥuṛuf) yellan yagi Yer ICANN maca sean azal niḍen.
« Ugar n 10 n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ay as-nefka i uselway (président) n ICANN taknussna (technologie) akk-n
ad d-nesnulfu ismawen n yinurar (noms de domaines) s waṭas n yilsawen” ay d-yenna S. Subbiah i tYamsa (presse).
YuY lḥal, Subbiah d win ay d-yesnulfan yiwet seg tlugan (normes) timezwura i tirawt n tansiwin (lladrisat) n internet
s waṭas n yilsawen. ”Ma d netta, iṛuḥ am win ara aY-d-yeqqaren : ”aql-i ceYleY
aṭas, lemdet tanglizit””. Γef leḥsab n Subbiah, llan 138 n yimelyunen n yismawen n yinurar (noms
de domaines) deg ddunit, u sin n yimelyunen deg-sen ttwarun s tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin. Aselway amezwaru n ICANN, Mike
Roberts yesteeṛef belli udus-nsen (organisme) ieeṭṭel aṭas akk-n ad yeg abeddel-a u yenna-d
: ”Ijenyuṛen llan ttxemmimen lemmer ad d-nernu tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin, internet ad yerwi u ad d-ilin deg-s
wuguren”.
Maca yessefk daYen ad d-nger tamawt
belli llan wuguren isertiyen (politiques) ay yejjan abeddel-a ad ieeṭṭel. Kra n tmura ur qbilent ara ad yili
useklas (registre) amarikani VeriSign d netta ay d aseklas awḥid ara d-yelhun ed yismawen n yinirar yettfakan s ”.com”,
ladYa imi azgen seg yideggen (sites) n ddunit ttfakan yes-s. Timura ur msefhament ara daYen Yef temsalt niḍen
yemcubbaken, gar-asent d acu-t wudus (organisme) ara d-yelhun ed yideggen yettwagan s yilsawen ay yettusseqdacen deg waṭas
n tmura ? Lemmer ad d-yili ubeddel-a, zemrent ahat ad ilin kra n tmura ara yesjehden adras-nsent (censure) ? Yerna, amgerrad
(amxallaf) deg tira yezmer ad yejj kra ad akren idrimen s internet. Γef umedya (lemtel), Paypal d yiwen n udeg yettwassnen
i uxelleṣ̣ n tYawsiwin timecṭuḥin deg internet. Ssawḍen
kra ad d-gen yiwen n udeg am netta, maca n tkellax. Deg yisem-is, kifkif, maca ”a” ay yettusqedcen i tira n yiwen
n win-nni n tkellax ur yelli d win n ugemmay alatini wanag d win n ugemmay asirili (arusi), dYa d ay-a ay yejjan wid
ay d-igan win n tkellax ad akren yes-s idrimen s yisem n udeg-nni n tidet.
A.F.P.
Seg El Watan – 15 Tubeṛ
2007
SYur Samir Ben Djafar
Tasuqilt sYur Omar Mouffok
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