05 di yulyu 1962, d ass n uzarug n tmurt tazzayrit, i d-yeffɣen s ddaw tecḍaḍt n umnekcam afṛansis yeqqimen nnig n twinast d kradt d aseggas deg wakal n Dihya d Ziri. Iseggassen i d-yernan ɣef 1962, wwin-d tamhersa ; wid yennuɣen, nnuɣen-ten wid yeṭfen tasga di tlisa n tmurt, ttṛaǧun timunnent. Ben Bella d Bumedyen, ffɣen-d mgal anabaḍ uɛḍil azzayri, rẓan timlilit n Tṛablus gar mayu d yunyu 1962. Akulunel Bumedyen ad yekecem s yigen n tlisa Lzayer tamannaɣt, ad tt-yekcem s yiserdasen-is. Igen n tlisa yesɛa ugar n 3500 s yimrigen atraren di tallit-nni, ma d win n tmurt di 9000 ; rnu ifadden kawwen , ifassen d ilmawen, i d-yegran d asirem n Lzayer tamagdayt tanemlayt.
Buḍyaf ad d-yeslal Akabar Anemlay Agrawlan di 1962. Deg tazwara, ad yagi tasertit n udabu ma d Ayt Ḥmed ad d-yeslal di 1963 Tirmi n Yiɣallen Inemlayen yerna ad d-yeffeɣ mgal Ben Bella wa ad yali s amadaɣ di 1963. Yal win yugin tasertit-is, ggran-as-d yir ussan. Ben Bella iman-s d aferɛun n yizzayriyen. Tasertit n Ben Bella d aɣebbar s allen. Di tdamsa, ɣas ma yessawel i twizi , maca d tin n yimḍebṛen s tekrabaḍin , d tabirukratit n uselḥu d tudsa tasertant d tdamsant.
Di 19 yunyu 1965, Bumedyen ad-t-yeɣḍel Ben Bella s wayen iwumi isemma « aseɣti agrawlan ». Bumedyen d amhersi tezdeɣ-it tepsikuẓt. Ɣas ma tban-d tnemlayt di kra n yiḥricen n tdawsa, ama di lluzinat neɣ tadawsa d ulmad yellan baṭel, maca d asṭalini d aɣelnawi s tesnekta taɛerbubt. Rnu ɣer waya, ikabaren n tsertit ur yesɛin ara azref ad qedcen, ɣas ma llan kra di tufra. Imussuyen itṛuskiyen , imaziɣe yella-d mliḥ leḥris fell-asen, acku ẓṛan d nunti i izemren ad seɣlin adabu wa ad d-awin tamurt s abrid n tugdut. Bumedyen, ad yemmet neɣ ad t-nɣen di taggara n useggas n 1978.
Seld tamettant n Bumedyen, banen-d yicerrigen seg tqacuct n unagraw s snat n tmuɣliwin: tamuɣli n wid yebɣan ad teddu tmurt deg ubrid–nni kan i d-yeǧǧa Bumedyen, akked tmuɣli n wid yebɣan abrid alellam deg tdamsa.
Cadli, iger-d iman-is d aselway amaynut n tmurt. Dɣa di tallit-is, am wakken i nger tamawt, i yefka tilelli d yizerfan i yinselmen iḥeḍmen:azref ɣer udlali n tdukkliwin, alday n tussna tineslemt di Qseɣṭina, lebni n leǧwamee, rtg…
Ayen i d-tegla tallit-a daɣen, d tidyanin n yebril 1980, anda tsuɣun yimdanen: tamaziɣt d tanemlayt n tidet. Deg 1984, amussu unti d win i d-yeffɣen si tsusmi, imi tilawin, ugint asaḍuf icudden ɣer twacult n useggas n 1984, i iḥeggfen tameṭṭut d tmetti tazzayrit. Deg useggas n 1986, tella-d tezɣent n lpiṭrul deg umaḍal, anda i d-tsubb ssuma-is s 40%. Aya akk iger tadamsa tazzayrit di tezɣent d yiɣeblan imeqqranen: ulac lxedma, leɣla, aḥbas n yixedd1men deg tkebbaniyin.
Taswiḥt simmal tettluɣ seg useggas ɣer wayeḍ almi d-yewweḍ 05 tuber 1988, anda i d-ffɣen yimɣiden d uɣref mgal adabu azzayri. Tanekra-agi, tegla-d s tmenɣiwt n 500 imesbaniyen. D tanekra-agi daɣen i yellin tawwurt i tlalit n yikabaren n tsertit, tilelli n tɣamsa d uslali n tdukkliwin tidelsanin. Maca, tilelli n wacu?
Akabar ineslem Tirmi Ineslem n uqili, yewwi tifranin n tɣiwanin n 1990 di tuget n temnaḍin n tmurt anagar deg tmurt taqbaylit d tɣerdayt. Qeflen tizeɣwa n sinimat, n umezgun, ftan-d llḥǧjab i tlawin ; d tamharsit s yisem n tesreḍt. Di kra n wayyuren seld Ɛebbasi Lmadani, aselway n ukabar-agi n yinselmen d Ɛli Belḥaǧ, ttwaṭfen ar lḥebs, d ayen i d-yewwin awexxer n tefranin n lqamṛa n yunyu 1991 alma d duǧembeṛ 1991. Igen ad yeffaɣ s abrid, ma d akabar n Tirni Tenslemt n Uqili ad d-yeslal Igen Ineslem n Uqili, ara yalin s adrar, ad yexdem tixazabin deg yiɣeṛman imeqqṛanen n Lzayer am Lzayer tamannaɣt. Di tallit-a, tasertit talellamt ad d-tban, Lzayer ad telli twwura i tkebbaniyin tiberṛaniyin. Lbanka Tagreɣlant d tuddsiwin n Usqamu n Leǧnas Yedduklen ad mlent i Lzayer tasertit tadamsant, ad tt-teḍfer. Aṭas n tkebbaniyin tiɣelnawin i d-yenzan d ixeddamen i d-staxṛen. Aselway Zerwal, ad t-wwten ɣer beṛṛa, imi yugi ad d-yemmeslay d yinselmen. Butefliqa, ad d-yass. Win yukren iḍelli, ad yuɣal d aɛessas n tmurt, di tallit-nni ur nebɛid ara ɣef wass-a.
Butefliqa, ad yessres talwit akken ad yečč tamurt di talwit. Yeqbel ad yemmeslay d yinselmen: « i kunwi abrid d tmetti ; i nekkni, adabu! ». Talluyt tameqqṛant n ssuma n lpitṛul, teǧǧa anagraw n Butefliqa ad yaɣ ikabaren isertanen, tidukkliwin, taɣamsa, inazuṛen, yessaweḍ almi yerra agdud d aferdis deg tukerḍa-a. Tukerḍa n yidrimen d yisenfaṛen imeqqṛanen am ubrid ameqqṛan « Amalu Asamar ». Tilleli n umeslay tettwarez, tamurt tenza i tkebbaniyin timeqqṛanin n umaḍal, axeddam azzayri ur yelli deg tudert yelhan. Butefliqa d win iɛefsen tamendawt aṭas n tikkal : di 2009, di 2014. Deg 2014, iɛawed ibedd-d ar tselwayt n tigduda yerna yella yuḍen. Ula deg useggas n 2019, iɛawed ibedd-d ɣer tefranin i tikkelt tis semmus, d ayen i d-yassakin agdud, anda i d-ibeggen tazɣent n unagraw d udabu azzayri amesbaṭli.
Aɣṛef d tserkemt n yimɣiden, ugin tasihrant n udabu, ffɣen-d s yiwen wawal: « anagraw ffeɣ ! ». Amussu iwumi semman lḥiṛak d win n yemɣiden , d win yilmeẓyen d telmeẓyin , n yixeddamen , n yinelmaden, n wid d tid ur nesɛi kra gar yifassen-nsen. Amussu n lḥiṛak, mačči n tineslemt! Amussu n lḥiṛak d tiɣṛi n yimɣiden si Bgayet ar Tamenrast, si Wehṛan ar Tkut. Ass-a, nettnaɣ di Lzaayer, azekka di Tefriqt Ugafa d tirni. Izen-nneɣ, d tadukkli n yimɣiden ; ccna-nneɣ, d tilleli : targit-nneɣ, d tasdukla: iswi-nneɣ, d amaḍal wer tilasa.
Amar Benhamouche
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