Iḥerraqen* n Tegzirt
*harragas
”Γas ma yeqqim-iyi-d yiwen wass deg tudert-iw, ad eerḍeY ad rewleY seg tmurt-a”
Tizgzirt d tama ay d-yezgan Yef yiri n lebḥeṛ n Tmurt n Leqbayel yerna ula d nettat tuweḍ-itt-id
taluft n ”yiḥerraqen”, neY iminigen-nni ieerrḍen ad zegren lebḥeṛ akk-n ad ṛuḥen
Yer Tuṛuft (Europe). Am wakk ilmeẓyen n Ldzayer, wid n Tegzirt la tteddren uguren n lexṣ̣aṣ̣
n uqeddic ed lḥif, yerna reglen fell-asen akk yiberdan, dYa Yef way-a ara ttargun ad d-afen abrid ay seg ara
rewlen u ad ṛuḥen Yer tmura anda ay zemren ad afen ugar n ṛṛeḥma. I lmend n way-a, ilmeẓyen-a
wejden ad xedmen kulci akk-n ad ffYen seg tmurt-a ay deg ur d-yeggri ara akk ussirem.
Qrib aseggas ay-a, lliY deg Tegzirt, la ttqeṣ̣ṣ̣ireY ed yiwen n umeddakel-iw d aqdim,
isem-is Mohand. Sakk-in, yusa-d yiwen n weqcic ara yeseun azal n tlatin n yiseggasen, u iwehha-iyi-d am win yebYan
ad iyi-d-yini ma ulac aYilif ad iyi-tejjeḍ ad ssiwleY ed Mohand. JjiY Mohand ed weqcic-nni. Mi fuken
awal, Mohand yenna-iyi-d : ”Teẓriḍ d acu ay yebYa Yer-i weqcic-nni ?”. NniY-as : ”D
acu ?”. Yenna-iyi-d : ”Yessutter-iyi-d ad as-d-nadiY Yef kra n terbaet ara t-ieawnen ad yinig
d aḥerraq”.
SseqdaY Mohand Yef weqcic-nni seg wansi-t, yenna-iyi-d yezdeY deg Leezayeb (Lazaib), d yiwet n
taddart iqerben Yer Tegzirt. Aqcic-nni yessutter seg Mohand ad as-d-yaf tarbaet yessezgaren lebḥeṛ i
yiḥerraqen acku yeẓra belli Mohand yezdeY deg yiwet n taddart ay d-yezgan Yef yiri n lebḥeṛ
yerna iqeddec deg Delles, d tamdint ay d-iqerben Yer Tegzirt yerna tesea asagen (port).
Seg mi ay iṛuḥ weqcic-nni, neqqel nekk ed Mohand la nessawal kan Yef temsalt-a. ”Ad as-tgeḍ
lemzeyya-a ?” ay t-sseqsaY. ”Nekk nniY-as belli ur ssineY acemma deg temsalt-a”, u yerna-d
belli ”ula ma zemreY ad t-eawneY neY ad as-mleY amek ara yeg, werjin ad iyi-ihenni lbal-iw,
acku abrid-a yezmer ad t-yessiweḍ Yer lmut-is”.
Seg yimir-nni, ameddakel-iw iban-iyi-d amzun yeḥzen yerna eerqent-as akk : ”D ay-n ur t-ttamneḍ.
Ur d-yeqqim wacemma deg tmurt-a. Mi ara twaliḍ ilmeẓyen uwḍen alama ara ttxemmimen ad gen tiYawsiwin
iweeṛen am ti, Yas ẓer belli timetti (société) la tettedder taluft d tameqrant ... Ilemẓi-nni
yenna-iyi-d belli yegzem akk assirem yerna ay-a yeqreḥ-iyi aṭas”. Aqcic-nni yenna-as i Mohand : ”Deg
leenaya-k, eawen-iyi, malleY iman-iw, bYiY ad geY akk ay-n zemreY akk-n ad rewleY
seg tmurt-a”. Seg wass-nni, eerḍeY ad nadiY igar Yef temsalt-a ara itteddun akk-n ad tḥaz
ugar n yelmeẓyen, sya ar sdat.
Kra n wussan sakk-in, eerḍeY ad qeṣ̣ṣ̣reY ed Samir, d ameddakel niḍen
ara yettxemmimen ad yerwel seg tmurt. Samir yesea 34 n yiseggasen, maca netta ur la yettxemmim ara ad yerwel seg lebḥeṛ,
wanag Yer-s acḥal n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ara yettnadi lbiza. Netta la yessaram ad yerwel s webrid-nni n menwala
: ad as-d-fken lbiza n umerreḥ, sakk-in mi yuweḍ Yer Fṛansa ur d-itteqqel ara u ad inadi amek ara yeqqim
din. Samir ulac d acu ur yeeriḍ ara akk-n ad d-yawey lbiza, maca ur yessaweḍ ara.
”GiY akk ay-n zemreY, nudaY Yef wakk wid ay yetteawanen medden akk-n ad tt-id-awyen,
yerna eerḍeY ad tt-id-aYeY ula s yedrimen, s 18 n yimelyunen [180.000 n yidinaṛen]”
ay aY-d-yenna Samir. Deg wudem-ines, yettban-d leḥzen ed eeyyu, Yas akk-n Samir iqeddec Yer yiman-is,
ur yeqqim ara. Yal aseggas yetteeddin u netta mazal-it deg tmurt-a yettarra-t yeḥzen ugar. Deg 2000, iṛuḥ
yekka ayyur deg Paris, sakk-in yeqqel-d, maca ass-a, yendem aṭas acimi ay d-yeqqel. ”Asmi ay eerḍeY
ad qqleY, sdeffir n useggas n 2000, reglen akk tiwwura fell-i, yerna ur ẓriY ayYer”. Ssqeḍ-nni
ay yesqeḍ akk-n ad iṛuḥ Yer Fṛansa ed ccwal ay icewwel deg lbal-ines jjan-t sḍeefen-t
yerna yeqqel la yettxemmim belli ur yesei ara zzheṛ. Mi as-d-nebder iḥerraqen i Samir, yenna-aY-d belli
netta ur yezmir ad isebbel iYef-ines taswiet-a, u ad yezger lebḥeṛ am nitni. Γas akk-n yeḥzen,
Samir mazal la ieerreḍ ad yeḥkem deg yiman-is u ad itteddu s ṣ̣ṣ̣wab, yerna alama d
asmi ara yaweḍ Yer Fṛansa ara yerwel. Mi nesseqsa Samir ma d tidet llan yiḥerraqen deg Tegzirt neY
ala, netta yenna-aY-d d tidet llan. ”Ih, medden akk ẓran belli yella yiwen n uẓeḍḍa (réseau)
gar Tegzirt ed Delles, yetteawan iḥerraqen. Yagi, sliY, deg wussan-a ieeddan belli tettwaṭṭef
yiwet n terbaet n yelmeẓyen n Tegzirt deg Delles”, ay aY-d-yenna.
Sakk-in Samir yebder-aY-d yiwen n yilemẓi d anersam (aḥeffaf) ay izemren ad aY-d-yefk ugar n
ttfaṣ̣il Yef temsalt n uẓeḍḍa-a (réseau) yesserwalen iḥerraqen, maca mi neereḍ
ad t-nemlil, Samir yenna-aY belli yegguma acku yugad, maca ur neẓri ara d acu ay d ssebba n tugdi-ines. Ay-a akk
yeḍra deg wezgen amezwaru n wayyur n Yunyu ieeddan.
EerḍeY acḥal n wussan ad d-afeY amek ara awḍeY Yer yiḥerraqen-a n
Tegzirt, maca ur ssawḍeY ara. Yal tikkelt ay deg ara eerḍeY, ttṛuḥuY ad nadiY
fell-asen deg usagen-nni (port) amaynut n ṣ̣ṣ̣yada ed umerreḥ n Tegzirt. Din ay nella la nessaram
ad d-naf wid ara aY-ieawnen ad d-nebdu tasestant-nneY (enquête). Yal tikkelt ay deg ara nnadi Yef yiwen,
ad yeggami ad yessiwel id-neY Yef temsalt-a, yerna Yas ma llan yelmeẓyen la iqebblen ad ssiwlen fell-as,
mi ara ẓren belli nekk d aneYmas (amesjeṛnan), ttagaden ad d-ssiwlen acku ugaden lemmer ad d-yettwakcef way-n
la ssefrayen ad t-gen yerna ad
xeṣ̣ren leḥsabat-nsen.
Sin wayyuren sakk-in, deg tezwara n Ctembeṛ ieeddan, rekbeY deg yiwet n tkeṛṛust la tt-inehheṛ
Massinissa, dYa yefka-d zzheṛ-nneY yiwen n yilemẓi n 24 n yiseggasen, yessen-aY, dYa yuli-d
id-neY, u nebda-d id-s awal. ”D tidet la tqedcceḍ deg tYamsa (presse) ?” , ay iyi-d-yenna weqcic-nni,
dYa nniY-as ”Ih”. ”Ihi ayYer ur tnudaḍ ara ad teffYeḍ seg tmurt-a, yerna
kenwi s yineYmasen (imesjeṛnanen) tzemrem ad d-tawim lbiza s tefses”. ”Ur ẓriY ara ... I
kecc, ayYer tebYiḍ ad tṛuḥeḍ ?”. Massinissa ed weqcic-nni ṭṭerḍqen
seg teḍsa imi ay ten-yessewhem usseqsi-inu. ”D ay-n ibanen ad nadiY ad rewleY. Γas ma yeqqim-iyi-d
yiwen wass deg tudert-iw, ad eerḍeY ad rewleY seg tmurt-a, yerna ur d-tteqqleY ara”. Imir-nni
yeḥma wawal ed weqcic-nni ladYa imi ay d-yelfa belli d yiwen seg wid yebYan ad inigen war (bla) lekwaYeḍ.
Uqbel ma msefraqeY ed yelmeẓyen-nni, ssuttreY-asen uṭṭunen-nsen n tilifun.
Timlilit-inu tis snat ed Massinissa tella-d deg yiwet seg ssehṛat n tgara n wayyur n Remḍan, deg taddart-ines,
deg Mizrana. Mi neqqim deg tkeṛṛust, sin-nni yelmeẓyen wukud lliY gren tamawt mi d-ddmeY tazmamt
akk-n ad aruY tinqiḍin. ”Ulac aYilif ma uriY ?”. ”Ala, awi-d lukan ma turiḍ ay-n
ara ak-nini mi ara aY-d-tesseqsiḍ” ay iyi-d-nnan deg sin. Massinissa yebda la d-iḥekku Yef wakk
lesrar n yiḥerraqen n Tegzirt. Aqcic-a yeccuṛen d tudert la yessawal s leḥṛaṛa yerna yal tikkelt
ay deg ara d-yenṭeq ad yeswecter s yifassen-is, d ay-a ay d-yemmalen belli mi ara yessawal Yef temsalt-a, awalen
ttalin-as-d seg wul.
Deg tazwara, iqcicen-nni ḥkan-iyi-d Yef yiwen n weqcic isem-is Sofiane, d tizzyiwin netta ed Massinissa.
Sofiane d ilemẓi yellan la iqeddec ed waytmaten-is deg yiwet n tḥanut deg Tegzirt. Ur yessuggut ara awal yerna
iḥemmel takurt n uḍar ed JSK.
Sofiane yedder ass-a deg Fṛansa. Asmi yekker ad iṛuḥ, yuY-d tasektut n usafag (billet d’avion)
Yer Surya deg tezwara n wayyur n Yulyu ieeddan. Wid yettṛuḥun Yer Surya ttrusun deg Ṭ̣ṭalyan
akk-n ad beddlen asafag. Imir-n ay ifuṛes Sofiane akk-n ad yerwel u ad ieeddi seg Ṭ̣ṭalyan Yer
Fṛansa. Asmi ay iṛuḥ Sofiane, ddan id-s 9 n yelmeẓyen niḍen n tama-ines. Tlata seg-sen ttwaṭṭfen,
kecmen Yer lḥebs yerna Yerrqen-ten-id. D acu kan, sean zzheṛ imi tisurag-nsen (passeports) ur tent-ḍbieen
ara s ḍḍabee-nni ara ten-imeneen ad eawden ad ffYen seg tmurt, dYa mazal zemren ad eerḍen
ad ṛuḥen Yer lbeṛṛani. Ma d sebea-nni niḍen, ssawḍen ad rewlen u ṛuḥen
Yer Marseille.
Sofiane, mi yuweḍ Yer Fṛansa, yella yejreḥ, yerna yekcem Yer sbiṭar, yeqqim din acḥal
n wussan. Γef leḥsab n lexbar aneggaru ay d-yuwḍen fell-as, yeqqel yeḥla yerna yufa-d aqeddic.
Massinissa yelmed seg ḍḍerf alama ay d ḍḍerf abrid-nni n trewla n Surya, dYa ieawed-iyi-t-id
war (bla) akukru : ”Tamezwarut, yessefk ad d-taYeḍ tasektut (billet) Yer Surya, ay-a fessus imi tasektut-nni
teswa 56000 n yidinaṛen. Asafag-nni (avion) yettrusu deg Ṭ̣ṭalyan Yef 2:00. Imir-n ay yessefk
yiwen ad ifaṛes ad yerwel Yer Tuṛuft (Europe)”. ”Mi ara tiliḍ deg unafag (aéroport) n Roma,
yessefk ad taliḍ Yer ṣ̣ṣ̣deḥ. Ad d-tafeḍ tawwurt uṭṭun B24, dYa
yessefk ad tt-terẓeḍ. Mi ara d-teffYeḍ seg uzaduY-nni (bâtiment), yessefk ad teeddiḍ
Yef yiwen n ussefreg n yileẓwi bu tuccar. Akk-n ur tjerrḥeḍ ara iman-ik, kkes takebbuḍt-inek
(veste) terrseseḍ-tt Yef ussefreg-nni. Yagi, din ara yili Sofiane yejreḥ iman-is. Mi ara d-teffYeḍ
syenna, yella yiwen n ssuq ieemmeṛ yal ass n ttlata. Deg wezniq-nni ulac aṭas n teessast. Sakk-in, yessefk
ad trekbeḍ deg tmacint ara k-yawyen Yer Marseille”, ay aY-d-yeḥka.
Imi ay ggten wid irewwlen akk-a, iduba (autorités) n Ṭ̣ṭalyan gren-d iman-nsen yerna sjehden taeessast.
DYa yeqqel tura d awezYi Yef yiwen ad yerwel imi imsukal (voyageurs) yettbeddilen asafag (avion) ttawyen-ten
Yer tzeYwin (salles) anda ay Yellqen fell-asen yerna tteassan-ten s lqerb.
Iqcicen-nni ay sseqsaY ssawlen-iyi-d daYen Yef wasmi ay eerḍen ad rewlen s teflukt deg lebḥeṛ,
deg usagen (port) n Delles ay d-yezgan deg lYerb n Tegzirt u yebeed fell-as s 26 n yikilumitren.
”Neereḍ akk ed yiwet n terbaet n yelmeẓyen ad nerwel s teflukt deg lebḥeṛ,
akk-n ttgen yiḥerraqen, yerna yal yiwen seg-neY yella yessefk ad ixelleṣ̣ 80.000 n yidinaṛen.
Yella yiwen yessenz-aY-d. Ass-nni ay deg ara nṛuḥ, tarbaet-nni yellan tetteassa beddlen-tt-id s
terbaet niḍen” ay aY-d-yeḥka Massinissa.” Ilmeẓyen-nni ay yellan la tteddun ad zegren
lebḥeṛ msewwaqen ed sin yemdanen. Γef leḥsab n Massinissa, yiwen seg-sen yenna-as i umeddakel-ines
: ” Tṭelleehum l-Spanya xir melli tṭelleehum l-lejbel”,
anamek-ines ”Ttif ad ten-tessawliḍ Yer Spenyul wala ad ten-tessaliḍ Yer wedrar, anda ara qqlen
d irebraben”.
Massinissa yenna-aY-d belli llan la ssefrayen ad asen-szegren lebḥeṛ s yiwet n teflukt ijehden ara
ten-yessiwḍen alama d tigzirt n Majorca. Sakk-in, ad asen-d-qqimen kan 80 n yikilumitren akk-n ad awḍen Yer
temdint taspenyulit tamezwarut, d acu kan, akk-n ad kemmlen abrid-nsen, yessefk ad rnun ad xellṣ̣en 200 n weuroten.
Iqcicen-nni nnan-iyi-d belli yiwen yezmer ad yezger lebḥeṛ Yer Tuṛuft (Europe) ula seg usagen
(port) n Tegzirt, Yas akk-n ur neẓri ara ma d tidet way-a neY ala. Γef leḥsab-nsen, win yebYan
ad yeg ay-a yessefk ad ixelleṣ̣ 16 n yimelyunen [160.000 n yidinaṛen]. Wid ara asen-yeszegren lebḥeṛ
qqaren-asen ad ten-ssiwḍen Yer yiwen n wemkan ibeeden. Mi ara awḍen Yer tlemmast n lebḥeṛ,
ad d-yaweḍ yiwen n uYerrabu (lbabuṛ) meYYren ugar, d win ara asen-ikemmlen abrid. Γef wakk-n ay iyi-d-nnan sin-nni n yeqcicen, llan aṭas n yelmeẓyen n Tegzirt ay yebYan
ad eerḍen zzheṛ-nsen deg temsalt-a, Yas akk-n zemren ad mmten.
Uqbel ma msefraqeY id-sen, sin-nni n yeqcicen nnan-iyi-d belli eewwlen ad sqedcen akk ttawilat yellan akk-n
ad rewlen seg tmurt-a. ”Tamurt-a yuwey-itt wasif. Γas ma mazal-iyi yiwen wass ad t-ddreY, ala tifin ara d-afeY
amek ara rewleY” ay d-yenna Hakim, ameddakel n Massinissa.
Asmi ay qrib ad fakeY tasestant-inu (enquête), uwḍen-iyi-d yisalan (lexbarat) sya u sya Yef yiḥerraqen
niḍen. Yella ula d yiwen isem-is Remdane, yeweed-iyi ad iyi-d-yeg anermis (contact) ed yiwet n terbaet seg
wid yessezgaren lebḥeṛ u qeddcen deg Delles : ”FehmeY ayYer ay mallen yelmeẓyen-nneY.
Nekk d argaz ijewjen, seiY igerdan yerna lemmer ad afeY amek ara rewleY, ad rewleY war (bla) akukru”,
ay iyi-d-yenna Ramdane yesean 36 n yiseggasen.
Mi ara tiliḍ gar yelmeẓyen-a yettnadin ad rewlen, tamsalt n yiḥerraqen tetteqqel d lbaḍna n
ayt tessirt, meḥsub d sser ay ssnen akk medden. Yerna simal ttnadiY ad fehmeY tamsalt-a, simal yettban-iyi-d
belli ziY tarewla s webrid n lebḥeṛ d axeṣ̣ṣ̣ar ay iḥuzan amur ameqran seg yelmeẓyen
n Tegzirt.
Lemmer ur yettili ara ussirem, yerna lemmer tamurt-nneY ur tetteg ara kra n ”uYawas (plan) n Marshall”
ay yes ara tebded s tidet i yelmeẓyen, axeṣ̣ṣ̣ar-a yezmer ad yernu u ad yeswaY s tidet ilmeẓyen-nneY,
wid ay yes yessefk Ldzayer-nneY ad tefṛeḥ imi d nitni ay d azekka-ines.
Seg La Dépêche de Kabylie n 28 Tubeṛ 2007, uṭṭun 1644
SYur Mourad Hammami
Tasuqilt sYur Omar Mouffok
kab_Latn eus_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn fra_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn kab_Latn