Bgayet, tamdint d umezruy
Par: Salim Benkhelifa | 24-09-2012
D tamdint yersen am tiqit ɣef yilel Agerrakal, tenǧer isem-is s isekkilen n ddheb deg usafsar n umezruy n tmurt, d win n talsa sumata, dayen i tt-cedhint wallen yal tikelt mara ad lhun idaṛen sin isurifen fell-as, zzman yettɛasa-tt s ireqqasen n tegzirin i as d-yezzin, mačči d tamdint am teyyaḍ, wiss ahat ma nuɣal ɣer umezruy-is, ad neɛqel cwiṭ udem-is !?
Ifniqen yebnan Qarṭaǧ deg lqern (IX s.t.Ɛ), sɛan aṭas n wuguren deg ilel Agrakal, imi netta lqay rrnu ɣef waya aḍu aqesḥan yettsuḍun tikli-nsen ɣer tmurt n Spenyul, akked d anezgun n tikli deg iḍ sdat n yiflisen yettqaqin lebwaber mebla afran, meḥsub anect-a yeggaten akken ad bnun lmersat seg akal ɣer wayeḍ, ɣef waya, gar n leqrun (12-9 s.t.Ɛ) Bgayet yiṣahi-tt-id yiwen n lmersa (Emperia). Ifniqen xtaren n Bgayet ɣef laman n wemkan deg i d-tezga, Cap Carbon akked Cap Bouak, d snat n tɣaltin yettḥadan tamdint-a ɣef inekcamen, am akken daɣen ufan Yefniqen imezdaɣ n Bgayet d wid yelhan i ttjara n wembadal. Saldae d isem i as-fkan Ṛṛuman i temdint-a deg lqern (33 s.t.Ɛ), tɣerma tameqrant n ddunit lawan-nni, tesnerna deg-s aḥric udmis, imi netta-t tessawseɛ lmersa yettawin yettara aṭas n selɛat ɣer Saldae (Bgayet) akked tmurt n Ṭṭelyan, daɣen tebna aɣrab d ameqran i d-yezzin i temdint, yesɛa azal n 3 km, yeldi deg 3 n tewwura; tawwurt n Sarrasine ; yettawin srid ɣer lmersa, tawwurt n El Fouka ; yettawin ɣer tabḥirin n tfellaḥt, akked tewwurt n Guraya; yettawin ɣer wudrar n Guraya. Ger iseggasen (138-161 t.Ɛ) Ṛṛuman wwin-d aman seg Tuǧa alarmi d tamdint n Saldae, dayen i yeǧǧan imezdaɣ-is ad tthennin deg uɣbel n waman ar ass-a n wussan.
Isem n Bgayet yuɣal Naceria deg iseggasen (1067-1162 t.Ɛ), d netta-t i d tamanaɣt n tɣerma n Iḥemmadiyen. El Nacer i d-yusan mbeɛd Ḥammad yessawseɛ aɣrab n Naceria d nnig n wayen i d-ǧǧan Ṛṛuman, imi tikelt-a yerrad azal n 150 ar 160 ihiktaren, dayen i tenyeǧǧan ad bnun tiwwura-nniḍen, akken ad ssiwḍen azal n 6 tewwura, tawwurt n la casba, tawwurt n Sarrasine, tawwurt n El Fouka, tawwurt n El Rouah, tawwurt n Amessioum, tawwurt n El Mergoum. Iḥemmadyen bnan tamdint d tamezyant berra i Naceria semman-as la casbah, tesɛa tlata n leqsur akked tmesgida d wayen akk ttaḥwaǧen imezdaɣ-is. Akka i tkemmel Bgayet amecwar-is, alarmi i d-teɣli gar ifasen n Ṣpenyul i as-yefkan udem yelhan aṭas s yisem n Buggia deg iseggasen (1510-1555 t.Ɛ), taɣerma n Spenyul tessamɣer Buggia d nnig n wayen tesɛa d akal s 37 n hiktaren, ɣef waya i d-bnan yiwet n tewwurt tamaynut, semman-as tawwurt n les vieillards. Segmen akk ayen yehruran deg la casbah, lɣar n Sidi Abdelkader, syin akin ḥyan-d rrnan ccebḥen leqser n l’étoile, win n la perle akked d win n Guraya, bedlen udem i lǧameɣ, sselsen-as win n tmesgida, ssnernan tamusni deg temdint, tuɣal tettawi-d aberrani, ama s wubrid n tmerrit neɣ win n ttjara. Akka i tedder tɣerma n spenyul deg Buggia azal n 45 iseggasen. Din din, deg useggas n (1555 t.Ɛ) Bgayet tuɣal teṭṭafar ɣer Ṭerk i as-yessawalen El Madina, acu kan tikelta Bgayet tebɛed ɣef udem-is aḥeqqani, ama n tmusni, n ttjara, neɣ n tsertit deg Tefriqt ugafa, Iṭerkiyen qqimen deg wayen i d-teǧǧa tɣerma n Spenyul, ur bedlen ara kra deg tewwura neɣ deg uɣrab i d-yerran tamdint, meḥsub ul n El Madina yeqqim deg ssuq akked lǧameɛ yeṭṭfen talemmast n tmezduɣt n lawan-nni. Akka i tkemmel tikli temdint n Bgayet deg ifasen n Ṭerk alarmi d 1833, swa swa ɣer useggas n unekcam Afransis, i d-yezwaren s le général Trézel, mbeɛd mi Fransa tqubel imezdaɣ n temdint-a azal n tlata iseggasen d nnig unekcum-is amezwaru ɣer tmurt n Lezzayer deg useggas n 1830.
Salim Benkhelifa
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