Tazwart :
Aṭas ay yuran yakan ɣef yinzan. Karima Baha teẓra aṭas ay tt-yezwaren s alqaḍ n yinzan n teqbaylit. Gar-asen : Youcef Nacib, Tahar Hamadache, Ouahmi Ould Braham ed waṭas nniḍen... Lameɛna, teẓra daɣen, ayen ur yessin wa ad t-yissin wayeḍ. Am wayen nniḍen akk deg tmaziɣt : inzan, mkul wa amek ay ten-id-yettawi deg tmurt-is. Karima Baha textar ad d-tawi ɣef yinzan icuban isefra ay d-iteddun deg temɛayin. Tewwi-ten-id am wakken ay asen-tsell twannan deg lɛeṛc At Yellilten, ladɣa deg taddart-is : At Ɛdella. Llan gar-asen wid tessen yagi, ay d-teḥfeḍ ɣef yemma-s. Llan yinzan ay as-d-mlant tlawin nniḍen ay as-yettilin am Nna Ɣnima ( 68 yiseggasen ), Nna Wiza ( 57 yiseggasen), Nna Seɛdiyya ( 87 yiseggasen). Tella daɣen : Mezhuṛa ( 42 yiseggasen ) ed Jamila ( 36 yiseggasen). Ma seg tuddar nniḍen n At Yellilten, tella Xalt-is Saɛdiya ( 52 iseggasen ) ed Samya ( 40 yiseggasen). D tigi yakk ay d timxebbṛin-is deg leqdic-a adelsan.
Ttawin-d medden lemtul i wakken ad d-beggnen amek ay ilaq ad as-yelḥu bnadem i ddunnit. S wakka, lemtul ed timsirin n ddunnit ay d-yemmalen ayen iweqmen ed wayen izelgen deg tikli n lɛebd i ddunnit. Tamussni-nsen, ihi, d tamussni n ṣṣwab. Yezmer lemtel ad yili d alugen n tikli neɣ d aglam n wamek teddun lumuṛ. Ɣas d awal wezzilen i tmenna, lemtel yeccuṛ d lmeɛna. Yettiwzil i tmenna i wakken ad cfun akk medden fell-as. Acku, zik, imi ulac tira, tamussni n bnadem ur teffal ara i tlisa n ccfawa. Ula i tmesliwt, tella tikwal tmeɣrut ay irennun ccbaḥa i lemtul ard ifsusen. Lemtul nefɛen yerna cebḥen. D agerruj n tsekla.
Acimi ay as-qqaren lemtel ? Axaṭer d awal yettmettilen tagnit, taluft, neɣ temsalt ukan, ɣer tɣawsisiwin ay d aɣ-d-yezzin, i wakken ad yishil usefhem n temsirt ed lmeɛna n tekti ay nebɣa ad tt-nesselmed. Lemtel d awal d-yessefhamen s ucebbeh. Wa d yiwen kan gar-asen : aɣerbal ajdid yeḥwaj aɛelleq. Neqqar-it mi ara nwali alebɛaḍ yuɣ-d taɣawsa tajdidt, yili d win ur nettḥadar, ur ntegg leqrar i tɣawsiwin. Ihi, Neẓra : deg tegnit-nni kan tamezwarut ara tt-yeḥder, imi d tajdidt. Mbeɛd, ad yestehzi deg-s. Ihi, ad nekker ad as-nini s ttiha : aɣerbal ajdid yeḥwaj aɛelleq ! Nebɣa, deg-s, ad as-nini : win yebɣan leḥder, ilaq kullass ! macci ass-nni kan amezwaru ay deg ara tili tɣawsa d tajdidt. Lemtel icebbeh dagi taɣawsa s aɣerbal ɣas anamek-is d amatu. Dɣa ula deg tmaziɣt tatrart, lemtel neqqar-as : anzi. Anzi, deg teqbayit d ccbiha. Mi ara as-nini : « yettafk-as anzi » lmeɛna-is : « yettemcabi ɣur-s » neɣ « yewwi-d seg-s ccbiha ». Lemtul n Leqbayel zgan ttcebbihen tignatin ed tlufa n ddunnit ɣer tɣawsiwin ay ssexdamen neɣ ay d-ttemlilin medden deg tudert-nsen. Dɣa, imi, Leqbayel n zik d imesdurar, aṭas n lemtul ay deg d-teddun yismawen n yimɣan, n yiɣersiwen ed umawal n ugama s umata. Llan deg-sen daɣen yismawen n tɣawsiwin akk ay ssexdamen deg tudert taqdimt n yimesdurar. Ma d tura, imi tbeddel ddunnit, Leqbayel yunagen jjan-n deg tmurt qrib akk idles-nsen : tedda tmeslayt… ddan lemtul ! Leqbayel yeqqimen deg tmurt, simmal ttnulfun-d ttawilat imaynuten n tudert simmal inegger umawal aqdim : igellu ula s lemtul ay deg yettili. D agerruj n tsekla ay la yettawi uḥemmal n yijenjunen ed yirellucen n tudert « tatrart »… Tura ala tira ay d timsellekt. Ala s tira ara tqabel teqbaylit zzman iteddun ɣer sdat ur d-ntezzi ɣer deffir. Cwiṭ cwiṭ, kra tewṛet teqbaylit d idles aqdim, d talɣiwin, d tinfaliyin … ad d-yeg iswiren n tutlayt, ara yeccaṛen lqaleb amiran n wayen d-yessutur ussexdem n tutlayt d inumak deg tudert n tura.
Inzan d ayen yettcebbiḥen awal n teqbaylit. Meqqret temkant n lemtul deg tsekla n teqbaylit. Ur yessin ara taqbaylit win ur nessin ara lemtul. Yettban win yessnen taqbaylit mi ara zgen lemtul deg wawal-is axaṭer ulac taluft, ulac tagnit, ulac tamsalt deg ddunnit i wumi ur tesɛi ara teqbaylit lemtel ara tt-id-yessefrun. Taqbaylit icebḥen d tin ay deg ur ttxaṣṣan ara lemtul. D awal ay ttcebbiḥent tenfaliyin tiwezzlanin yettifsusen amzun d ccna i tmesliwt.
Llan yinzan wezzilen ur neffal ara i sebɛa tunṭiqin. Wa d yiwen : tili wala aḍilli. Llan yinzan yettiɣzifen ugar. D widen ay yezgan. Llan yinzan ay yesɛan talɣa n sin yefyar yenmeɣran. Am :
Usan-d leḥbab ay k-yifen
teqqimeḍ a win berriken
Llan yinzan ay d-yekkan seg yisefra neɣ ay yellan s timmad-sen d isefra. Inzan am wi, zemren ad sɛun talɣa n sin yefyar n usefru, am :
Adrim ur teḥbis texriḍt
ur t-ttɛuddu d ṛaselmal
ara yilin yekka-d seg usefru imi d sin yefyar ineggura n yiwen usefru n Sidi Qala(1). Yezmer daɣen ad yili netta s timmad-is yufa-t-id d anzi. Zemren ad ilin yinzan d isefra at ṛebɛa ar setta yefyar. S umata, imeskaren ineṣliyen ur banen ara. Ɣas d inzan d isefra. Maca, s unamek ed tewzel d inzan ɣas d isefra.
Dɣa, imi talɣa-nsen d tin n wanzi ed tin n usefru, tsemma Karima Baha i wedlis-is : « Inzan ed yefyar ». Deg wedlis-is, tewwi-d ddeqs n temɛayin ikeffun s yisefra-a iwezzlanen.
Mebla ma nnuda ad nekcem deg ttfaṣil, neẓra llan yinzan ay d-yekkan seg temɛayin. Akken ay ddukulen ula deg wawal imserreḥ. Nessagar-d asiwel n temɛayt mi ara nini lemtel i win ay neẓra yessen yagi tamɛayt. Wanag, s umata, nzewwir qbel deg usiwel n temɛayt uqbel ad tt-nextem s lemtel s timmad-is. Ihi, da, ilaq ad yissin bab-is tamɛayt i wakken ad yefhem anamek n lemtel ed wanda ilaq ad t-yini. Anzi am wa, ɣas nessen ad t-nini, ma wer nessin ara taqsiḍt ay seg d-yekka, ur nzemmer ara ad nefhem lmeɛna-is taḥeqqanit. Ihi, ur nettissin ara tamkant ay as-ilaqen deg umeslay. Ɣas ad as-neg anamek : ad ixaṣṣ. Yiwen umedya : ṣṣeb, seg temẓi !
Win ur nessin ara tamɛayt ay seg d-yekka, ɣas ad yawi s lewhi, neɣ ad as-yeg anamek amatu i wanzi, iban ad yezgel lmeɛna-is taḥeqqanit. D taqsiḍt-nni kan ay seg d-yekka, ara d-yessbanen lmeɛna-is n tidet. Llan aṭas n yinzan ibanen : ɣas ur nessin ara timɛayin ay seg d-kkan, nezmer ad ten-nefhem. Maca, llan yinzan andeg ilaq ad nissin tamɛayt ay seg d-kkan i wakken ad ten-nefhem, i wakken ad nissin ad ten-id-nettawi deg tegnit ay asen-ilaqen. Deg wedlis-is, tnuda-d Karima Baha, timɛayin ay seg d-kkan kra n yinzan, tewwi-tent-id. Gar-asen : tin yuɣen amɣar, timsislit n wemjaḥ, ljerḥ yeɣɣaz iḥellu, tazzart ed zzit mnadan, atg… D ayen yelhan imi ur yezgi ara wannect-a deg yedlisen yellan yagi ɣef yinzan n leqbayel.
Karima Baha tger tamawt i yelmeẓyen n tura : ɣas ad issinen anzi, zgan ur ttissinen ara anamek-is. Tikwal, seg wakken ur fehhmen ara lmeɛna-s, qqaren-t andeg ur ilaq. Ur t-id-ttawin ara andeg ilaq "ad t-id-yawi umeddaḥ deg teqsiḍt". Ur as-ssinen ara tagnit ay as-iwulmen i tmenna. Txemmem ad d-tessefhem kra seg yinzan-a : tesnulfa-d tiḥkayin timecṭuḥin ay deg tnuda ad d-tessban lmeɛna-nsen. D timɛayin ay d-txuyel kan seg lbal-is. D aglam s umedya n tegnit ilaqen ad ten-nini deg-sent. Am : kul ḥedd ɣer baba-is ɛziz, ma trebḥeḍ medden akk inek, yir jjwajj ulayɣer, atg … D acu kan dagi daɣen yezmer ad yili unamek n wanzi mkul wa andeg ay t-yettwali. Tura din, d kenwi yakk s yimeɣriyen, d yineqqaden n tutlayt ara yefrun ger lḥebb ed ukerfa. Yak askasi, iga i wannect-a.
Adlis-a n Karima Baha, d wis tlata deg tezrart n yedlisen « Tizi n tira » n tiddukla tadelsant Imedyazen ay deg tettekki. Ur t-id-tga ara d tazrawt s unamek-is ussnan asdawan. Ɣas d tasdawant, macci d tasnilsit ed tsekla ay teɣra deg tesdawit. Ihi, ma d tin n tussna tasdawant, macci d annar-is. Ini kan, am waṭas n widen yuran s teqbaylit, neɣ ɣef teqbaylit, d ul-is ay tt-id-yewwin ɣer tira ɣas aɣrum-is tettnadi-t andeg nniḍen : deg wennar n wayen teɣra. Tessarem ad texdem ayen twala yenfeɛ tamaziɣt mebla ma tger iman-is deg wayen ay tt-yexḍan am temsal-a yakk n tesleḍt tussnant deg temsal n tsekla ed tutlayt. Ulamma daɣen ur tnuda ara ad d-tban tektabt-is d tazrawt acku ayen i wumi tettḥulfuḍ a bnadem s wul-ik ur tettnadiḍ ara ad t-id-tessefruḍ s leḥsabat n tusnakt. Ɣas ulamma, tarrayin tussnanin deg wezraw n tmaziɣt d ayen yessefken i wakken ad yers ɣef llsas iṣeḥḥan. Ini kan daɣen deg temsal-a n yidles : ur yeɛdil ara win ara tent-yidiren, ad tent-id-iwalin, seg sdaxel d win ara tent-id-izerwen seg beṛṛa d tasleḍt kan tasemmaḍt ɣas d « tussnant ». Amezwaru yettḥulfu-asent ḥmant deg wul-is ma d wis sin yettwali-tent-id s tesmeḍ… Amezwaru yeqqen ɣer-sent s tmiḍt n mmi-s ɣer yemma-s. Wis sin am ufellaḥ ɣer tyuga-s. D ayen ay ɣef, imi d awal yettawi-d wayeḍ, ilaq-aɣ, nekni s Leqbayel, ad asent-nales i tezrawin yakk ay xedmen yibeṛṛaniyen ɣef yidles-nneɣ, imi, zgan, i tesnakta-nsen kan ay tent-gan. Ilaq ad asent-nɛiwed leḥsab s teqbaylit. Macci d ccerṭ ad neɛjeb i ubeṛṛani, ɣas d aɣerbi, i wakken ad naweḍ d imdanen… Ɣas xaḍen-aɣ-d akustim fiḥel ma ncerreg abeṛnus.
Nettat tekker s wayen tessen, tajmilt-is meqqret. Yak neqqar : « win imennan amzun iwwet ». Tebɣa ad d-tessban annect ay meqqer wazal n yinzan deg tmeslayt. Tameslayt n zik teccuṛ d sser s yinzan ed temɛayin ay d-ttawin akk medden deg wawal-nsen n kul ass. D sser-a yakk ay iɣaben deg teqbaylit n tura. Adlis-is, imi d win ineccden s asexdem n lemtul deg tmeslayt, d win yebɣan ad d-yerr ccan i ccbaḥa n teqbaylit. Karima Baha, tura ay tebda tira : xas ad yili wanda ara txaṣṣ, ala Yiwen ay d lkamel : ad tsebbeb ad ikemmel…
Llan seg zik yiḥeddaden n wawal, myafen medden, lameɛna, zik, ssnen akk Leqbayel taqbaylit. Zik teddun : aqerru deg yigenni iḍarren deg lqaɛɛa. Tura, imi teddun medden ɣef uɛebbuḍ am wezrem, taqbaylit ur tessway ur tesseccay, jjan-tt… Wid yessnen taqbaylit simmal d imexḍa. Tuli tissi n uɣebbaṛ ɣef wureɣ yuli uɣebbaṛ. Muḥend Azwaw icerreg tabrat ay as-d-yuzen umussnaw. Yettwet s uɣebbaṛ s allen : ur yerbiḥ Ṛebbi ur inezzeh iḍebbalen. Ini kan awer nayes. Seg zik n zik, deg mkul zzman : d takemmict kan ay tt-ireffden. Timital n Dda Lmulud jjant-aɣ-d ayen ay wumi ara d-nettales : ad yeg ifadden i tutlayt. Yeqqar-as Ccix Muḥend : Xellun-tt ɛecṛa… yeɛmeṛ-itt yiwen… Tura ɣas init : xellu-tt miyya… yeɛmeṛ-itt yiwen ! Ad aɣ-yeg Ṛebbi seg yimexḍa ara tt-iɛemṛen ! Win yebɣan ad teɛmeṛ teqbaylit, ilaq ad iɛiwen ilmeẓyen-a yakk ay yeṭṭfen deg-s, mazal tella-asen deg wul. Imi, s tidet, ur yeshil ara assa ɣef yelmeẓyen yesɛan taqbaylit deg wul ad jguglen deg tciṭa mi ara jebbdent tḥemmalin n usefcel d akessar.
Hamid Oubagha
Ldzayer, Yebrir 2005
[1]
Tukkist seg wedlis : Tameṭṭut ed ṭṭaleb :
ḥekkun-d ɣef yiwen wergaz ed tmeṭṭut-is, ɛacen deg lehna ed talwit. Ur ten-ixuṣṣ kra : ccan ayen iketben, swan, lsan, hennan… Netta yessaɛezz-itt, nettat tga-as lḥeṛma. Sanda tebɣu tṛuḥ alamma tcaweṛ-it, tettaɣ-as awal. D acu kan medden keccmen ger yiccer ed weksum. Ggaren iman-nsen deg wayen ay ten-yexḍan, ḥettcen, ɣɣazen andeg ur ilaq. D acu ad as-d-afen i tmeṭṭut tameɣbunt i wakken ad tt-ssemsun ɣer wergaz-is ? Ur tettarew ara. Yili, ahat, d argaz-is ay deg yella lɛib. Ihi kecmen-t medden ad as-yebru ma wer yebɣi ara ad yemmet d amengur. Netta, ad as-d-yeffeɣ kan akka ɛinani ulamek, yebda la as-d-yettjjabay tisebbiwin. Axxam yellan ihenna yuɣal icewwel am uzal am yiḍ. Ala leɛyaḍ, imeṭṭawen, amceccew ṣbeḥ meddi. Netta seg tama-s, ar ttebbet leɛqel-is, ad tnadi anseg d-yekka wannect-a yakk : ala. Cciṭan n wurfan yessexreb-as yakk ṭṭbiɛa-nni tarusant ay tesɛa zik. Tettarra-tt i texxamin. Nettat ssyin netta ssya : times ay tuṛja d zzalamiṭ. Netta yettnadi-d ssebba i wakken ad as-yebru, nettat imi tennum lɛezz, tebda tɛerreḍ iman-is. Tettqissi ifeg-is !
Asmi d-yesseḥḍer berru, tameṭṭut yeffeɣ-itt leɛqel. Bdant tbelheddaṛin n taddart la zerrɛen awal. Ta tini-as d iḥeckulen, ta tini-as : d dderya. Lḥaṣul, tilawin ur nesɛi ccɣal d wa kan ay d ccɣel-nsent : « yenna wagu, yenna waḍu ». Tekker yiwet, tenna-as :
A yelli argaz-im yebɣa dderya ! ṛuḥ ad tnubeḍ i lbext-im.
Terra-as-d tmeṭṭut : - I nekk d acu ay wumi zemreɣ ?
Tenna-as : - Kker ɣef yiman-im, aweḍ ṭṭaleb At winnat… Ad am-d-yaru ad tesɛuḍ dderya, ad tuɣaleḍ s axxam-im ed wergaz-im.
Nettat, seg lqella n tmussni, yerna zik ulac akka yakk ṭṭebba am tura, tuɣ-as awal. Yuɣ lḥal, ma yekkes-ak a bnadem Ṛebbi kra, ur yezmir ḥedd ad ak-t-id-yaɣ. Ma yefka-yak kra, ur yezmir ḥedd ad ak-t-yekkes. Yak qqaren zik :
Nekni nettḥebbiṛ
Ṛebbi yeddebbiṛ
ay iferrun d lumuṛ-is !
ṭṭelba-a n tkellax ikeccmen deg ccerk n Ṛebbi, d atmaten n cciṭan, ad t-yexzu Ṛebbi yenɛel-it. Awi-d kan ma yella kra ara ḥewsen : ttkellixen i widen yeṭṭsen. Wamag abrid n Ṛebbi iban : d netta ay d-yettafken d netta kan ay itekksen. Tṛuḥ tmeṭṭut ɣer yiwen uderwic, yettarran iman-is d Ccix. Tṛuḥ ad as-d-yaru lḥerz i wakken ad tesɛu dderya. Aderwic yeẓra deg wul-is ur yelli wayen i wumi yezmer. Nettat tru-as :
Nnaɣ a Ccix, aru-iyi-d …ma ulac ad iyi-yebru wergaz-iw !
Mi tt-iwala la tettḥettit, yerna tṛeggem-as ad as-tefk kra n wayen ara d-yessuter d idrimen, neɣ d irden, neɣ d ayen tesɛa, aderwic yesqeḍ, yeqbel ad as-d-yaru lḥerz. Yekker yenna-as :
Ad am-aruɣ aruɣ-am
aruɣ-am ihenwiḍen
sebɛa yimuden ad ten-awiɣ
abrid-iw s icerriḍen
ma yebra-yam ur d-cqiɣ
ma yejja-kem akken nniḍen
Tuɣal-d ɣur-s, tewwi-as-d sebɛa yimuden n lwiz, yura-as-d lḥerz, tuɣal-d s axxam. Yuɣ lḥal d azgen n wayen sɛan deg wexxam d lwiz ay tuker, tefka-t i uderwic. Mi d-yekcem wergaz-is, yedla ɣer wanda jjan lwiz yufa azgen-is iṛuḥ. Icukk-itt, yeḥṛes-itt s lehduṛ armi d-tqarr d nettat ay ten-yukren. Dɣa d tin ay d sseba ay as-d-yufa ad as-yebru, yenna-as : - ṛuḥ tebrid s tlata ! ṛuḥ s aderwic ay am-d-yuran ! ha-t-an rriɣ-kem deg yiri-is !
Meḥsub fkiɣ-kem ad kem-yaɣ. Netta, ɣas akken tuker, d ssebba kan ay as-d-yufa i wakken ad as-yebru, ad iɛiwed zzwaj. Msebran. Iɛawed tissulya, yewwi-d tameṭṭut nniḍen. Yekka ayen yekka yid-s ur yesɛi dderya. Netta ur yerbiḥ, nettat ur t-tufi…
Karima Baha -
Inzan d yefyar
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