Lislam
Iga Lislam nɣ Islam (s tfinaɣ: « ⵍⵉⵙⵍⵎ »[1] ; s tɛṛabt: الإسلام) yan usgd abrahmiy ittuḥḥadn ṛbbi. Iggʷiz d f urqqas Muḥmmad , ar ttinin i wanna iḍfarn asgd ad "amslm", amata nns "imuslmn".
Ar isslmad Lislam is iga wakuc yan d is ur illi kra n wakuc bla Allah (s tɛṛabt: الله), d is iga Muḥmmad arqqas nns iggz fllas Lqqʷran s tɣarast n unglus Jibril . Tga tugt n imaziɣn imuslmn.
Ibidd lislam f smmust trsal[2] :
- Tugga (accahadah) : Ad ichd ufgan is ur illi kra n ṛbbi abla Allah (la ilaha illa allah), d is iga muḥmmd arqqas nns (wa muḥammad rasul allah) ;
- Taẓallit (aṣṣalat): Ad iẓẓall umuslm tiẓalliwin n wass s smmus itsnt ;
- Takuti (azzakat): Ad yaws ufgan s iqariḍn nɣ mad dark ilan atig i winna yusrn d imẓlaḍ;
- Uẓum (aṣṣawm): Ad yaẓum ufgan ayyur n rmḍan ;
- Arzzf (lḥijj): Ad d ikk umuslm mkka, iḥujju-d, iɣ as yufa.
Amuslm iga afgan nna iḍfrn asgd n lislam, isslmn iman nns i ṛbbi. Ikka d ism n lislam zɣ tutlayt taɛrabt (amyiwn: Muslim) (amagut: muslimūn/īn) . Llan mad yaẓn i 1,8 mlyar n imslmn ɣ umaḍal[3]. Gr 80% d 85% gisn gan isunniyn, ilin ula iciɛiyn ɣ kigan n tmizar n umaḍal, ggutn ɣ tmazirt n Iran d Ɛiraq d Lubnan.
Taẓallitsnfl
Ar ittẓalla umuslm smusst twal ɣ wass, iqqan d fllas ad tnt iẓẓal ɣ tizi nnsnt. Ismawn n tẓilla n lislam s tclḥit gant[4] :
Irqqasnsnfl
Ar ittamn umusln masd issggz ṛbbi irqqasn yaḍn.
Adam (arqqas amzwaru), dffir illa Idris, d Nuḥ, d tugt n irqqasn yaḍn twaḥsabn gan imuslmn, zun d Ibṛahim, d yiwis n ɛmmis Luṭ, d tarwa n Isḥaq d Ismaɛil, d Yaɛqub, d Yusf, d Musa, d Dawud, d Sulayman, d Yaḥya, Ɛisa iwis n Maryam .
Rmḍansnfl
Ayyur n Rmḍan iga ayyur wiss tẓa ɣ uzwag anabawi ittili dffir n wayyur n Caɛban, iẓil wayyur ad dar imuslmn d imumnn, nttan ay-gan ayyur n uẓum nna igan yan trsal n lislam.
Issntay wayyur n rmḍan asmi ẓṛṛin middn ayyur ɣ wass 29 n caɛban, iɣ ikmml rmḍan ar sfuglan imuslmn s tfaslka n lfiṭr.
Dar wayyur n rmḍan adɣar iẓlin ɣ taysi d umzruy n imuslmn ؛ acku ɣ wayyur ad aɣ iggiz d udlis n ṛbbi lquran zɣ llawḥ lmaḥfuḍ s ignna n ddunit ɣ yiḍ n lqadar, dffir iggizd ɣ wakudn imḍfrn ɣ uzmz n tuggza n lwaḥiy lliɣ ttin ikka urqqas Muḥammad ɣ ammas n ifri n ḥira. Lliɣ-d iggz dars lmalak Jibril, inna as : اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ tga tassurt ad tamzwarut ad iggizn zɣ udlis n ṛbbi lqqʷran.
Izdi wayyur n Rmḍan ɣ kigan n tmizar n Lislam s guda n inazwiyn n ddin zun d: taẓallit n ttarawiḥ d liɛtiaf ɣ timrawin tinggura, d tugt n tmyurin d ttaqalid zun d taɣuri i wiyyaḍ s tiram.
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lqqʷran nɣ Quran ( s taɛrabt : القرآن —Al qu'ran nɣ القرآن الكريم—Al-qur'an al-karim ) iga aḍris asgdan akkʷ ilan atig ɣ Lislam. Ar tinnin imuslmn ɣ is iga awal n ṛbbi d is-d netta ad t-id issugzn f umazan nns Muḥmmad. Ar ɣassad, udlis ad iga udlis amzwaru d udlis nna akk iqburn ittawsan is ittyura s tutlayt taɛrabt.
Umnn akk imuslmn d imumnn masd lqqʷran iga awal n ṛbbi isggizt-id s ils aɛrab f urqqas Muḥammad s ubrid n lmalak Jibril ɣ akk n tmldawin zɣ lbiɛta nns ɣ usggas 610 ar tamttant nns ɣ wass n 8 yunyu 632. Ibḍa lquran s 114 n tassurt, illa gis 6236 n layat. Illa ɣ lquran layat makkiya d madaniyya. lqqʷran lkarim iga adlis anggaru zɣ idlisn n ṛbbi, d tilawat n lquran d ussfld nns d twuri sis gan kullu lɛibadat ittaẓ sisn umuslm i ṛbbi bac ad izddig sis ul nns. Tssnti tɣrma n imuslmn dffir ma iggiz lquran s wakal.
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Makkasnfl
Tga Makka nɣ Mkka (s taɛrabt: مكة) yat tamdint illan ɣ utaram n tmazirt n Ssaɛudiyya, taggug f Tamdint Ifawn s kra n 4000 kilumitr ɣ umnid n iffus ataram, d f tɣrmt Ṭṭayf s kra n n 1200 kilumiṭr ɣ amnid acrqi, d f 72 kilumitr zɣ tiɣrmt n Jadda d aftas n yill azggaɣ. Tga Makka Lmukarrama yat tmdint tasgdant bahra ilan atig dar imuslmn. Tlla gis timzgida n Lḥaram, d Lkaɛba nna ygan lqblt n imuslmn ɣ tẓallit nnsn.
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Timldiwin n lislamsnfl
Tafaskasnfl
tafaska tga yat zɣ tifugliwin dar imuslmn (d tfugla tayaḍ iga tafugla n lfiṭr), ar ittili ass n 10 du lḥijja bɛd tagara n ubddi wass n ɛarafa, abddi nnag tbddn gis iḥujjajn imuslmn bac ad skrn lmanasik ixatarn lḥijj, da tagara nns ass du lḥijja. iga awd n tfaska akttay n lqqist n nbi brahim tazallit n ṛbbi ɣafs lliɣ yẓṛa tiẓṛit nnag yumrt dis ṛbbi imqqurn s uḍḥḥi s yiwis smaɛil .darat mayan , yumrt ṛbbi s tɣrsi n izimmr ɣ ubddel f yiwis, mk ttaẓn imuslmn s ṛbbi ɣ wass n tɣrsi s yan n wulli (izimmr, nɣ tafunast, nɣ alɣm) d ufrraq n uksum n tɣrsi f ayt uɣlad nɣ iwssarn d ayt tawja.
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