Leqbayel
Leqbayel(ⵍⴻⵇⴱⴰⵢⴻⵍ), d isem nniḍen i fkan Weɛraben i wegdud Azwaw imi-id kecmen Tafriqt ugafa.
Agbur
Ansa i d yekka wawal n “Leqbayel”[beddel | edit source]
Anamek n wawal-agi yekka-d ahat seg teɛṛabt d "(Agdud n) iderman". Rruman ssawalen-asen d Quinquegentanei "semmus (5) n Iderman" (wid izedɣen neɣ yettidiren Mons Ferratus, "Adrar n ğerğer"), wissen isem n tura ma yekka-d seg win n zik neɣ uhu.
Ur neksib ara aḥric ameqran n tansa ɣef umezruy n yisem-aki, maca (d acu kan) nezmer a nefk yiwet n turda yesɛan assaɣ s tawtilt n Tamurt n Izwawen deg ukud-nni (tallit-nni) imi medden ddren seddaw n tezmert neɣ iduba (adabu) n tiddukla n iderman. Ass-aki llan kra imusnawen iqbayliyen i d-yuran dakken isem n yeqbayliyen aẓaran (anaṣli) d Igawawen neɣ Izwawen. Af tekti-yaki amusnaw n Tesmislit azwaw Mass Salem Caker yuran-d dakken Iqbayliyen ttun isem-nsen anaṣli "Izwawen" i d-yekkan seg wassag n yiwet n Taddart yettwasnen aṭas deg Tmurt iqbayliyen zîk. S tutlayt Tafransist awal "Zouave" yekka-d seg Azwaw. Llan kra imusnawen n umezruy igrigiyen i d-yudren awal-ag Aqbayli neɣ iqbayliyen (leqbayel) s talɣa n Cabales. Acku ur nezmir ara ass-a ad d-nefk ttbut ma yella seg wawal-a i d-yekka neɣ uhu, imi ur nesɛi kra n ttbut .
Agdud Azwaw (Agdud Aqbayli)[beddel | edit source]
Amezruy n agdud Azwaw, d amezruy ameqran akk-d yewwin i g issewhamen, eeddan luluf n iseggasen, azal 10 000 iseggasen uqbel talalit n Sidna Ɛisa ; d imezdaY imezwura n Tefriqt ugafa uqbel n tlalit n umezruy atrar, agdud Azwaw d yiwen wegdud gar yegduden iqdimen i yeğğan later deg umezruy n yemdanen.
Agdud Azwaw yedder, yerna yexlef Irrumanen, yiwen amenkud i yestaemren ddunit irkul, yexlef Ifniqen, ladYa Yugurten yemmut s tidet agdud-is yedder, yexlaf Maryus; tura arraw-is kren ţlaein i wid ur numin ara; adgud Azwaw atan dagi andaţ Rum ? Dihya temmut, s tideţ, yessi-is krent tura ttnadin; anda-t Ɛuqba Ibn Nafiɛ? I wid mazal ur numin ara agdud Azwaw atan mazal dagi! Tidet amezruy n wegdud Azwaw yessewham acku d yiwen n umezruy yeţwebnan Yef taYert, tuccda, akk-d iseflan n imawlan-is.
Ussan agi Izwawen ttidiren g lweqt n la renaissance n-sen, sennig aYebbar n lweqt akk-d d leqhar n iedawen, tteddun Yer zdat, aqlaY nettwali tallit n lğens, Lğens Azwaw.
Izwawen g zik semman iman-sen ImaziYen , Agdud AmaziY, win ur neqbil ara lbatel neY akerwa.
Amezruy Atrar[beddel | edit source]
Deg Amezruy Atrar, Izwawen maci d inumidyen inumdiyen d icawiyen d icenwiyen lqbayel nutni des maures pas numides]], llan iYerfan n yewen uwanek, yeddren azal n 100 n iseggasen (seg azal 206 UL* di lweqt n tageldit n Masnsen, agellid di facto n Numidya, armi lexsara n Yugurten g 104 UL) awanek agi yettusema Numidya.
Numidya tella azal n Dzayer akk-d Tamurt n Izwawen lwahid.
Numidya tbedd meyya iseggasen, llan wid qqaren dakken meyya n isegwassen d wacemma, maena timura n ddunit merra ur seant ara akter n 30 iseggassen di laemer-nsent, amek yezmer yewin ad inni belli Numidya d ulac i tella? Numidya i geacen akter n meyya n iseggasen, ugar n Dzayer akk-d timura n Tefriqt merra, akter n uhric ameqran n timura n Turuft Tagmuḍant, mi teYli Numidya tsea azal n laemer n Kanada.
Amnekcam arumani[beddel | edit source]
Lestaemar arumani yenzeg akter n 525 isegassen, seg lexsara n Yugurtan zdat irumaniyen g 104 UL armi uYelluy n inugura agi s iffassen n Geiseric Aeiban (agellid n Ivandaliyen) akk-d inelmaden-is mi g kecmen Yer Tafriqt ugafa g 429.
Imnekcamen Ivandalen[beddel | edit source]
Geiseric yebnad tageldit tamezwarut n Ivandaliyen g Tafriqt ugafa s Saldae (Bgayet) am tamaneYt-is; yestaemered Sicillia, Sardenya, Kursika, akk-ed tegzirin n Baleares, yernad yekcem Yef Rum yewid yides mi i gefeY, azal n yewen n ddurt g 455, atas n igerrujen akk-ed iseflawen n lğamee n Lquds (iseflawen i yefkan Udayen i lğamee-nsen) i d yewi Titus Yef Roma melmi igstaemered Lquds.
Amnekcam Abyzanti[beddel | edit source]
Ivandaliyen ţwakssent di Tafriqt ugafa s iesekriyen n Justinianus I, agellid n umekad Abyzanti; amenkad n ivandaliyen ydum-d 105 isegassen (429-534).
Yiwen lamer yesean atas n wazal di lwegt-nni; ahric ameqran n imaziYen rebhen telelli-nsen, mi yal aggay yetsnaY mgal wayid.
Amenkad Abyzanti ydumed g Tafriqt ugafa s 534 armi i gxser amgaru mgal Ieraben wid bdan Ttrad n Lesteemar n Tefriqt g lqern wis tmanya (azal n 642 -705).
Amnekcam Aerab[beddel | edit source]
Ieraben qeteen lebher, staemren Maser g 642, kemlen alhu-nsen, zedmen Yef tamurt n imaziYen, tamurt n leqbayel.
Listiemar Aerab, am lbers, di tamuggit Yef Izwawen i yella; imi ImaziYen rebhen kkra n lehna, akk-d tallalit, seqsefen azaglu akk-d alehu n amenkud abyzanti Yer usamer n tilisa-nsen.
Izwawen nuYen-d mgal Ieraben s wayen akk yellan, s tazmart, s lğehd, s tudert-nsen, imi ţwallan simmal iţeddu aedaw simmal yexreb, yenYa, yehreq, yeqher ayen yellan d amaziY, ayen yesean rruh n umaziY. Mbeed akter n sebea meyya n isegassen n tagrawla, ImaziYen eyan, cban izem nni ur sein ara azuren merra imi tazzla n idammen-is texla ayen yeqimen di lğehd-is, ayen yeqimmen di tmanegt-is, ur yezmir ad yeker; izem Azwaw yeYli-d ur yekkir ara, Ieraben hesben d lmut i g yemut.
Mbeed amerni aqher; ilulufen n imaziYen, tilawen xesrent lherma-nsent akk-d asehru-nsent, ilulufen n warrac n Izwawen imelsiyen ufan lmut si ifassen n iesekriyen Ieraben, ilulufen nnidden zzenzen-ten aklan g leswaq n Mekka.
Imi tfuk Taslekt ni Ieraben, Tafriqt ugafa tuYaled d amYiz ni iklan Yef leswaq n Wegmuḍ Alemmas.
Izwawen am akken ad meneen tudert n tarwa-nesn, akk-d ayen i geqimen di lherma n tilawen-nsen qeblen, ijenwiyen g ullawen nsen, ddin amaynut n ieraben; ieraben wwden anda yewin n lğens ur yewwi-d, zzuYren telelli n imaziYen.
Syenna d asawen, tutlayt n imaziYen akk-d ismawen-nsen uYallen d lehram.
G 705 anbaz Aerab i-bereh belli tamurt n Izwawen d yiwet n tamnatt tamenzut n umnkad aerab ara tilli; Tafriqt ugafa teeda g yiwen n ukala ig bedlen idles-is, tamuYli-is, akk-d imal-is.
Amnekcam Aerab yeqqim armi yetwabdal s lestiemar n Ieetmaniyen seddaw n timelwi n Xayreddin d ayetma-s Ɛeruj, i d-xelqen atrar ussamer n Dzayer, bdan asseYwel n tama agi am asutel n iflisen n ddunit merra. Taflist-nsen ternu, temYid Yef lqrun 1600; taflist mgal lbaburat n Iwunak Yedduklen g Ilel agrakal sebba n Ttrad n Taflist Tamezwarut, akk-d Ttrad n Taflist Tis Snat, anda mutten atas n imddanen imelsiyen.
Amnekcam arumi (Fransa)[beddel | edit source]
Deg 1830, s sebba belli Lbay n Dzayer yewwet amalway n tamahelt-is, Fransa tenbez Dzayer; lameena, azbu i g qquren n Izwawen, AmYar Ameqran (El-Mokrani) akk-d Faḍma n Sumer, steetlen taslekt agi almi Agud Azwaw yeţwaxdeen s ageldun n Ieraben yettuseman Ɛebedlqader imi d-yefka takbabt-is Yef Wemtawa n Tefna wahid Fransa.
Amtawa n Tafna, 30 mayyu 1837, yeswejd abrid Yef wanger n Tamurt n Izwawen ihi kan teqled agezdir n Fransa. Fransa, isegassen kkra mbeed, tefka-d Aguldun Ɛebdelqader amidag n la Légion d'honneur akk-d tajeelt n 4000 Louis (idrimen n Fransa) mkul aggur armi yemut g 26 mayyu 1883.
Wagi d adris n Amtawa n Tafna: [1]
Melmi amgaru mgal tamurt n Izwawen ifuk, Fransa tezdem Yef leğwahi nidden n Tafriqt ugafa terna texleq Ldzayer n tura; Tamut n Izwawen, Timura n uguldun eabd Qader, akk-d d Uneẓruf Ameqran (timura n Twareg/Imuhaɣ).
G 1954, Igen n Taslullit TaYelnawt (ALN) tebda ţţrad n taslullit; mbaed n sebea isegassen n imenYi, Fransa teğğa Dzayer g 19962. Aḥric ameqran n 1,025,000 Iḍaren Iberkanen akk-d 91,000 iḥerkiyyen, azal n 10% n imezdaY n Ledzayer g 1962, rewlen Yef Fransa g useggwas-nni.
- Uqbel n Lmasih = Uqbel n Lweqt-nneY
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