ammu i tebda Israël.
Ttuɣa‑ayi d ameẓyan, ffurjeɣ deg ijjen pilikula n ddukumentir x wudayen Imeɣrabyyen, inni i dd-idewren zi Israël. Ttɛawaden tiḥuja n wass lami uguren d min das-yezwaren.
Nnan belli usin-dd ca n yiwdan ggin timesmunin deg imellaḥen, redcur n wudayen. Timesmunin xeddment tadiyyanit d tdelsa (culture) tudayt. Manaynni semman-t s « Clubs », rrin dag‑s taynit aṭṭas i yiḥenjiren imeẓẓyanen.
Clubs‑a, i yedjan di ddsas-nnsent d timesmunin n tdelsa, ttuɣa ttraḥen din udayen d tarwa-nnsen, ad lemden tudayt, Taɛibrit, d cwayt n ccḍiḥ waha ɣer umezgaru. Ca bdan ṭṭewwaran ar mani dewren tteggen ijjen lxedmet temɣer, zzag‑s amezgun, tira, tɣuri n idlisen x tsuhyunit.
Di min tettɛawad ict tudayt d pelikula-nni, tenna belli di tmezgunin-nni, bnant x tukkarhi n waɛrab. Ttiraren dag‑sent amquṭṭus. Zi min wer tettu ɛemmers: « Win d Aɛrab, d aɛdaw inu, yukar‑ayi tamurt‑inu ixess-ayi ad t-nɣeɣ ».
Awarni lami ẓẓun tirja n tmurt n Israël deg ijjen tsatatc (génération), iwwyen‑asen-dd iɣarruba a ten‑awyen ɣar tmurt i tturjan. Ra d ijjen ma yugi ad iraḥ, iɣerruba ffɣen zi Tanja ccuren. Rid d ijjen wufuɣ waha.
Manis i dd-tekka taṣuhyunit n yiḍ-a?
Zionism (zi Zion, s Tɛbrit צִיּוֹן Zijjōn) isem n wedrar i di tebna leɛbadet n Urcelim s taɛrabt أورشليم القدس, ixef qqaren d tazeddiɣt n YHWH: isem n Rebbi n tarwa n Israël). niɣ taṣuhyunit, d ijjen unhezzi d beddu n ijjen tadyulujit ittamnen s arrasa n wudayen ad tili tmurt‑nnes. Ad tebna, ad teḥḍa.
Malla nekker a nɣeẓẓ di beddu n tṣuhyunit, ad taf a nedwer ar qber i Yeccu Lmasiḥ. Maca urid d wa d amnus‑nneɣ. Lyedmet n tṣuhyunit tamaynut i yellan d ddsas n min yemsaren qbel i 1947.
Asegg°as n 1896 yessufeɣ‑dd ujurnalist Theodor Herzl adlis umi qqarn « Ddula n wudayen ‑ tizemmar s ijjen lḥel d amaynu i wseqsi n iḥudriyyen ». Yessiwel dag‑s x tmuɣri‑nnes x ddula n wudayen. Yessers dag‑s ufuɣ zi tnaɣit ggin wudayen di Diaspora. Amxumbel‑a umi wer tufi Uruppa lḥell qbel.
Herzl yeẓra belli aɛadi n tsamit yellan di ddunit, wer tetfekki ɣir ddula n wuday, zeg ijjen uɣezdis nniḍen, yettwala imxumbal‑a qqnen ɣer weḍraq zi ddin d tnettit, i yellan d nitni d ddsas n wudayen.
Herzl yeḥseb adlis‑nnes d ijjen ddsas n lebni d ḥeṭṭu n ddula n Israël. I ɣa rren x iseqsan n tsatalt (generation) tamaynut. [1]
Iṣuraf imegzura
1897 yegga Herzl amun amezwar n iṣuhyunen di Swiss, usin-dd ɣer‑s 200 n yiwdan ixḍaren‑ten‑dd wudayen zi mkul tamurt. Ggin ijjen ddsas qqaren‑as « aprugram n Basel ». Rebɛa n tmeslayin i zi ibedda:
Taṣuhyunit teggur ad tebna i weydud uday ijjen tmurt tettwaqbel s lqanun di Falistin. Ḥima a nawed manaya, amun‑a ittwala tibridin timeslayin‑a:
1‑ Alaɣi i iwssiẓdeɣ n ifellaḥen d ixeddamen udayen di Falastin.
2- Asmuni n wudayen di mkul tammurt deg ijjen tmesmunt/tamunt/… ɛla ḥsab izerfan n tmurt-nni
3- Taẓẓut n tyacit s tussna n tnettit tudayt
4- Adaf di tsertit n tmura n barra, ḥima ad yexdem iswi (lhadaf) n tṣuhyunit. [2]
Herzl ttuɣa itteg tizemmer‑nnes ad yaweḍ ɣer ufus n ssultan Aɛutmani, mani yeqḍeɛ layas. Yewca ddɛen i pulitik n weglanzi. Aglanzi iɛerḍ xaf‑s tinɛacin i yijjen tmurt di ccarq n Tefriqt. (uganda). Manaynni wer qbilen aṭṭas n wudayen.
1917 deg umṣiqḍi ameḍlan amezgaru, tefser lḥukuma Tabriṭanit awal n Balfour. Dag-s teqqar belli tessiɣa fus i lebni n ddula n Israël di tmurt‑nsen.
mamek tegga tiweḍ ad tebna ddula?
Taṣuhyunit aṭṭas n iseggusa nettat txeddem. Iyya ma a tedewled deg umezruy wer tkemmiled. Maca lxedmet tameqqrant, tella di taẓẓut n tnettit (identity) deg waydud. Asexdem n min xaf‑sen yekkin d akarfes d tmenɣiwt, ḥima ad xsen wudayen n umaḍal, ad ilin am nitnin am legnus merra, s ddula-nnsen, d jjehd-nnsen, ataf wer dag‑sen ineqq ḥedd twalat nniḍen. wer tẓuẓẓarin di legnus.
Aṭṭas n imussuten i dd-ibanen di Diaspora, amezgaru-nnsen, d (timexsa n ṣehyun) di Arrusya. yeffer di tmsmunin n usiɣ ufus i wudayen n Suriya d Filistin. Seddrent awal‑nnsen, xedmen tadlsa‑nnsen.
Taẓẓut n uxarres di mkul araq.
Taṣuhyunit nettaf‑it di merra igaren i di yedder weydud. Ddsas yettwasnen n ddin d wedwal n Lmasiḥ …, maca axarres Aṣuhyuni, yewta iẓewran d tdelsa, mani nettaf awal Aɛebri d ɛada tudayt wer zzeg‑s arexxun.
Deg warbar nettaf deg umaḍal timesmunin n wudayen yumnen s uxarress‑a, ssiɣan fus i wayawya ra daxel i tmurt‑nsen ra barra. Minmma yegga, minmma yeḥdaj, ittaf akid‑s aytmas imunen deg ijjen umussu.
Di pulitik, zi beddu n tsehyunit n yiḍ-a, iṣuhyuniyen wer jjin ca n tmurt wer dag‑s carken di pulitik. Wenni wer yelli d ixef n ca n wegraw, ittili amɣar di ca n ulubbi. Niɣ yesseggura ca n tbadut di tilibizyun. Ina merra ssnen ayawya, ttmunan x ijjen wawal deg umaḍal yekmel.
Ufuɣ.
Ddula n Israël yedhar belli yebnat zionism, x ijjen ddsas iṣeḥḥ, muḥal a t‑ihezz ɛad ca n yijjen.
Ḥima ad tebnid ddewla am ta, xessen-cek leqrun n lxedmet, lxedmet s uxarres ibedd, dag‑s iwdan am Herzl, iwdan ɣrin snen lxedmet mamek tettili.
Israël tebna ddula di daxel n wudayen d amezgaru, lebni‑ya yejja‑ten ad ssnen ixef‑nsen min ɛnan, awal‑nnsen, ɛada‑nsen. (Ra min wer yellin-nnsen, rrin-t nsen, d umzruy‑nsen n zic, d wenni n yiḍ-a. Awarn-as yebda di tsertit tameḍlant, d tmegga n igerwan. Xenni yenna-asen i wudayen ugurem ɣer tmurt nneɣ.
ɣer ɛawd: Ammu i tebda tudert.
ɣer ɛawd: Ammu i tebda ddunit
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