Amdan ur nettwasen ara! (Ama si tmurt-is am si tmura i t-id-irebban)
Yal tikkelt i deg argaz isrennew iseɣ n rruḥ, yal tikkelt deg argaz inna-d ala i tawsest* (tentative) n tkelwa n win i t-icuban, lliɣ d awaziw n tigawt-is. Haten wawalen n Frantz Fanon i d-yura deg udlis-is « Aglim aberkan, buɛfif amellal.»
Tudert wezzilet, Frantz Fanon d amyaru d amejjay, d afelsuf i ilulen di Fort de France d Martinik deg wass n 20 Yulyu n useggas 1925. Ur yettwassen ara si tlata n tmura i t-irebban. Martinik iǧǧa-tt zik, ikcem Lzzayer iwakken ad yennaɣ mgal imsehres afrensis ɣer tama n FLN.
Netta d agrud wis xemsa si twacult ixelḍen (TafriqtTakribit) n tmanya iɛeggalen. Ilmed di tesnawit VictorSchœlcher n Fort de France anida isselmad Aimé Cesaire di tallit-nni. Ikcem ɣer lɛesker, meɛna ittwajreḥ. Ikcem-ed s yin ɣer tmurt i deg ilul anida isɛedda Lbak, syin ikemmel leqraya-s di Fransa di Temdint n Lyon anida i d-yewwi agerdas n tujjya, ilmed daɣen Tafelsuft d teklisent* (psychologie). Tettunefk-as, syin, tagnit ad yuɣal d aqerru n yimejjayen n sbiṭar n yimehbal n tmedint n Blida, di Lzzayer.
Tikli n urgaz tessebgan-ed lebɣi-s. Awal n Fanon d awal lqayen, d awal n ugrawliw i talsa akken tella. Awalis, d ixemmimen-is yerra-ten d iseɣ n tudert-is, d imi ur tiǧǧi ara d awal kan, ayen akk iga, ayen akk ixemmem yura-t s lmidad di lkaɣeḍ.
Isaẓreg-d yakan deg useggas n 1952 « Peaux noires, masques blancs ». « Ayaddra ad d-serseɣ ugur-a n tidet taberkant, di lqaɛa-a, i yettaɛraḍen yakan ad tt-teffer?» i yura.
Imenɣi-s isɛa isem, d isem mgal tamuḥqranit, mgal lbaṭel d ddel i d-isrusu umdan ɣef umdan, i d-isrusu yiri ɣef wayeḍ, i d-isrusu uɣref ɣef uɣref wayeḍ. Ɣef waya, deg useggas , 1956, sin iseggasen mbeɛd mi tendeḥg tmes n ṭṭrad di tmurt, Fanon ixtar lemḥella-s, wid yettwaqehren sddw tamhersa tafrensist, ixtar amḍiq n wid yettwaḥeqren, wid idlen s tduli taqesḥant n lḥif d lbaṭel. Dina ittaxer si sbiṭar deg ixeddem iwakken ad ikcem ɣer Tirni n Tlelli Taɣelnawt ( FLN) anida isɛa Tmasiyin meqqren. Ixdem deg uɣmis n "El Moudjahid". Yella d imceggeɛ ɣer waṭas n tmura n tefriqt taberkant, yella d Lewkil n Unavaḍ uɛḍil Azzayri ( GPRA) di tmurt n Ɣana. Islek seg waṭas n tixazabiyin di tmurt n Lmerruk, di Ṭelyan. Armi d lmut, Frantz Fanon , ifka tudert-is i tmunent n yiɣerfan ittwahersen.
Yura aṭas n yidlisen, seg-sen :
Peau Noire, Masques Blancs , Editions du seuil 1952 .
Les annales médico-psychologiques(1953)
Congrès des mèdecins aliénistes et neurologistes de France et pays de langues française (1953) avec le Dr François Tosquelles
L’an v de la révolution algérienne, réédité en 1966 sous le titre " Sociologie d’une révolution . "
Pour la révolution africaine, (1964 )
Les damnés de la terre (1961)
Frantz fanon, iruḥ ad yennaɣ ɣef uktu, d acu yufa-d ugur n Usmaḥyaf n yiran (races)n d tɣelnaẓrit.
Tigawt n Fanon tella-d di tallit mbeɛd ṭṭrad amaḍlan iyettwaḍban s imenɣi asnektan gar utaram (Tamrikt) d usamer (Rruss). Beṭṭu d ayen i d-yellan gar ccerq d lɣerb, meɛna ahatan ikker-d umaḍal wayeḍ yettusemman timura n umaḍal wis tlata, i yettnaḍaḥen ula d netta ɣef umkan deg wasaɣen igreɣlanen deg yiseggasen n 1950-1960. Aneggaru-a ibɣa ula d netta ad ittekki deg ufraq n Tarkuṭ n ddunit.
Di tallit-nni, Amaḍal wis tlata, i tikkelt tamezwarut, inna-d ɣef tilin-is tasertant deg useggas n 1955 deg usarag i d-yellan di BANDOUNG, mi yugi ad tfreq ddunit ɣef sin iḥricen kan. Aṭas n yiqerra i d-ibanen akka deg umussuyen isertanen n Teslellit taɣelnawt dɣa wwin imenɣi seg uẓar ama di Tferka, di Asya neɣ di Temrikt n wadda.
Aya iseḍfrit timenɣiwt n waṭas isertiyen i d-ibanen deg yiseggasen n 60. Aqehher di Indunisya deg useggas n 1965 ( azal n 500 igiman) i yettwanɣan. Timenɣiwt n Lumumba di Congo, Timenɣiwt n Che Guevara di Bolivia, Malcom X, Martin Luther King di Temrikt ufella, Mehdi Ben Barka di Lmerruk, Ccraɛ n RIVONIA d Tefriqt n wadda anida Nelson Mandela d iṛfiqen-is ttawaḍegren ɣer lḥebs i dayem.
Di Martinik, tamurt n Fanon, tella-d tinnufqa azal n tlata wuḍan i d-iglan s talata n lmeytin di Fort de france deg useggas n 59. S yin, d aḥabas d usnejli n yilmeẓyen n Martinik i yessawḍen ad d-ɛelqen kra n yinazalen (affiches) anida nezera d d-nɣer: “ Maritinik i Yimartinikiyen”. D awal ara ɣ-yawin deg yizri ibeɛden akken ad d-nemmekti awal-a i d-yenna Massnsen: Taferka i Yiferkiwen.
Frantz Fanon izga iswad i imussnawen ur neggar ara afus di tagrawla.
“ amennuɣ agrawliw, tislellit taɣelnawt, tririt n tmurt i imawlan-nis, akken bɣun llan yismawen ifkan i umennuɣ-a, tuksa n ddel ɣef iɣerfan izga-d d aqesḥan.
Meɛna aya ur d-yettili ara d agmuḍ n tamhelt ifazen, n uhuzzu amgaman neɣ uqbal mebla cceḥna. ur nereggi ara timetti, akken tebɣa tella d tamezwarut, s wahil am wa, ma yella ur neqsid ara si tazwara, yaɛna abeggen n wahil-a, iwakken ad irreẓ akk iɛewwwiqen ara d-nemlil deg ubrid. Tukkist seg “ Imenɛulen n ddunit”. Ihi, tiɣri n Fanon mačči d tin kan issawalen i tlelli n Uberkan , meɛna i tlelelli n umdan.
M’ara tiliḍ d amasi di tmurt ur nerfid ara iman-is, d tamussni amek ara tessedduḍ taswiɛt akken ad lemden ihedman, ɣef usali n tedmi, ayen iwumi nessawal s tɣawla, tasertitant. Deg waya amaḍla wis tlata ilaq ad iɛawed amezruy n umdan. Ihi, Taslellit d ayen i d-snulfan imdanen ijdiden.
Frantz Fanon, immut seg yir aḍḍan di laɛmer-is 36 d aseggas. Meɛna taxelqit-a ur tseɛu ara nṣib seg tezmert tawergamit, “taɣawsa” yettwastɛemren ur tettuɣal ara d amdan siwa deg ukala seg waydeg ara d-ssenser iman-is.
Ur d-cennuɣ ara izri iwakken ad sruḥeɣ tilawt d yimal. Ur bɣiɣ ara ad iliɣ d akli n tikelwa. Bɣiɣ yiwet n lḥaǧa kan, bɣiɣ ad tekfu tikelwa n umdan sɣur umdan.
Imlal tikkelt d Jean paul Sartre di Ṭelyan. Aneggaru-a, iḥbes akk lecɣal-iw iwakken ad yeqqim azal n tlalt wussan d Fanon i d-innan d akken izemer ad ixelles azal n 25 ooo Frank iwakken ad iqqim d Sartre azal n 15 n wussan si tnezzayt alamma d tameddit, i d-tura Simone de Beauvoire. Jeaun paul Sartre ula d netta istaɛǧeb ahat i tikkelt tamezwarut s wudem illan sdat-es, Frantz Fanon.
Nesla i Frantz Fanon azal n tlata wussan….d ussan i aɣ-isɛetben, ama di tfekka ama deg yiman. Werǧin walaɣ Sartre istaɛǧeb yerna ishewwel-it umdan. “Le Lièvre de Patgonie”
I ifransisen, Fanon yuqel d « afelsuf amenɛul», akken i t-id-tura Alice Cherki. Dɣa yettwaɛzel , yettwaḥqer imi izga ittqejjim di Temharsa Tafrensist.
Deg useggas 1961, s lehlak afuḥan i yuḍen, Fanon iruḥ ad idawi di Moscou, s yin iruḥ ɣer Bethsada di Marikana anida yessufeɣ tarwiḥt.
Frantz Fanon yemmut mi isɛa 36 n yiseggasen s yisem Ibrahim Omara Fanon. Deg useggas n 1961 i yedda laɛmer-is s yir aḍḍan i t-inɣan di Tmura n Temrikt yedduklen.
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