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Abdenour HADJ-SAID, Said ZANOUN, Hamid BILEK,
Moh MEDJDOUB, Boussaâd BOUAÏCH, Ferhat BALOULI,
Ahmed HAMOUM, Linda MAHI, Nacera KEDDACHE,
TANAṢLIT, Islam BESSACI, Djamel HAMRI, Kaci SADI,
Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI,
Kania RABDI, Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO),
Hacene HALOUANE, Hamid IBRI,
Ahcene MARICHE, Youcef MERAHI, Malek HOUD,
Lynda KOUDACHE, Djaafar MESSAOUDI,
Said CHEMAKH, Ramdane ABDENBI.
n
U 5
yebrir
2960/2010
TAMAZIƔT TURA
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
IMḌEBBER N TESƔUNT
Youcef MERAHI
AGRAW N TIRA
Hamid BILEK
Abdenour HADJ-SAID
Said CHEMAKH
Samir ARKAM
Ramdane ABDENBI
URAN DEG WUṬṬUN-AGI :
Abdenour HADJ-SAID, Said ZANOUN, Hamid BILEK,
Moh MEDJDOUB, Boussaâd BOUAÏCH, Ferhat BALOULI,
Ahmed HAMOUM, Linda MAHI, Nacera KEDDACHE,
TANAṢLIT, Islam BESSACI, Djamel HAMRI, Kaci SADI,
Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI, Kania RABDI,
Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO), Hacene HALOUANE, Hamid IBRI,
Ahcene MARICHE, Youcef MERAHI, Malek HOUD,
Lynda KOUDACHE, Djaafar MESSAOUDI,
Said CHEMAKH, Ramdane ABDENBI.
19, avenue Mustapha El Ouali
(ex Debussy) Alger
Tél : 021-64-29-10/11 - Fax : 021-63-59-16
B.P. 400, 16070, El Mouradia - Alger
TAGDUDA TAZZAYRIT TAMAGDAYT TAƔERFANT
TASELWIT N TEGDUDA
ASQAMU UNNIG N TIMMUZƔA
TAMAZIƔT
TURA
tamazi$t tura
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Tamaziɣt tura Un 5 / yebrir 2010
ISSN : 1112-9417
Dépôt légal : 4832-2008
Tamaziɣt, imira, teḥwaǧ kan
ad tt-naru ad tt-nɣer.
AGBUR
TAJMILT
Abane Remdane, tugdut tebda tikli ...
Abdenour HADJ-SAID
11
Said ZANOUN
23
Hamid BILEK
27
Salsa di Tipaza
Tamaziɣt ass-a, tajmilt i yimezwura
Awal ɣef wawal
AḌRIS
Moh MEDJDOUB
33
Boussaâd BOUAÏCH
35
Ferhat BALOULI
37
Tabrat i yelli
Ɣef Salas d Nuja
Cciṭan
TULLIST
Ahmed HAMOUM
45
Linda MAHI
53
Nacera KEDDACHE
57
TANAṢLIT
72
Islam BESSACI
77
Tidet tuffirt
Abeḥri n lmut
Ur yessin wul aṭṭan-is
Tayri n lebda
Aḍu n tirga - 3
Djamel HAMRI
TUKKIST
93
Aẓar aneggaru - 4
Fatima AIT HAMLAT
100
George ORWELL - Tasuqelt : Habib-Allah MANSOURI
108
Paulo COELHO - Tasuqelt : Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO)
115
Leɛzib n yiɣersiwen - 3
Arranku - 3
TAMEDYAZT
Lemmer ur telliḍ d acu-yi
Louis ARAGON - Tasuqelt : Hacene HALOUANE
129
Alfred DE MUSSET - Tasuqelt : Hamid IBRI
132
Jules ANTOINE - Tasuqelt : Ahcene MARICHE
134
Youcef MERAHI - Tasuqelt : Abdennour ABDESSELAM
137
Malek HOUD
140
Kania RABDI
144
Lynda KOUDACHE
147
Kaci SADI
151
Ur d-yeggri wara
Maca d acu i d tudert ?
I Lyès
Muḥend Saɛid Amlikec
Akerfi
I nekk tilelli
Bu tismin
Tameɣra n Zeus
TAMACAHUT
Djaafar MESSAOUDI
Tayri si lbeɛd - 2 (taggara)
157
AMEZGUN
Amine MAALOUF - Tasuqelt : Said CHEMAKH
165
Ramdane ABDENBI
173
Amezgun d ahanay
TIGEJDIT
Yal tasut s tefsut-is, yal afrux s ṣṣut-is, yal
ajeǧǧig s llun-is.
30 yiseggasen i yezrin ɣef Tefsut n 80,
Tafsut Imaziɣen. Am akken nuɣ tannumi, yal 20
di yebrir, yettili-d usmekti n tedyanin n 1980.
Ussan-agi d tagnit diɣen i wakken ad nemmuqel
anda tewweḍ temsalt-agi n tmaziɣt, d acu i
yettwaxedmen, d acu i mazal !
Ass n 20 di yebrir, d ass n tefsut n tlelli, n
tirrugza, d ass n tɣimit akked yiman-nneɣ akken ad
nesqerdec, ad nwali d acu n yiswiyen uɣur mazal
nessaweḍ ? D acu i ilaqen ad nexdem akken
tutlayt-nneɣ ur tnegger ara ?
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen ur d-tlul ara kan akka,
gar yiḍ akked wass. Tafsut tewwi-d aẓar-is seg
umezruy, seg yimennuɣen n wid i ɣ-yezwaren.
Ass-a, tamaziɣt, am wakken s-yenna umedyaz,
teḥwaǧ kan ad tt-naru, ad tt-nɣer. Ass-a tamaziɣt
teḥwaǧ win ara tt-yerren d tutlayt n tmeddurt
mačči d tin n lmut, ass-a tamaziɣt teḥwaǧ win ara
tt-yesxedmen di yal aḥric, teḥwaǧ iɣallen, teḥwaǧ
imusnawen, teḥwaǧ arraw-is.
Tafsut d ayagi kan, mačči d ayen nniḍen !
Uṭṭun-agi wis 5 n tesɣunt d uṭṭun n tefsut, nbuddit i yal win yumnen s tmaziɣt, tamaziɣt n tudert,
tamaziɣt i tmaziɣt.
Agraw n tira
TAJMILT
Abane Remdane
Tugdut tebda tikli …
Abdenour HADJ-SAID
I
lul-d Abane Remdane ass n 10 yunyu 1920 di tmurt n
Leqbayel, taddart-is d Ieezzuzen i d-yezgan ɣer tama n
Larebea Nat Yiraten.
Am tuddar akk n Leqbayel, Ieezzuzen teckenṭeḍ ɣer yiwet tqacuct
n yidurar n ǧerǧer. Tamnaḍt anda ilul Abane Remdane tugar
ccbaḥa timnaḍin nniḍen n tmurt n Lezzayer. D lexrif neɣ d tagrest,
d tafsut neɣ d anebdu, yal lweqt tettak-as udem-is. Di tegrest, adfel
iɣelli-d s waṭas, tikwal yessawaḍ azal n lmitra. Idurar ttbeddilen
udem, ttbanen-d amzun neṭṭḍen s igenni. Di tefsut, ṭṭuqten
yijeǧǧigen i d-irennun ccbaḥa i tudert. Llan yimɣan iwraɣen,
izeggaɣen, imellalen, ixuxiyen, i idduklen d initen n yisekla, ttnaɣen
ɣef yimeḍqan. Temeɣɣi-d tuga, ṭṭerḍiqen leewanṣer, iɣersiwen n
tẓegwa teffɣen-d si lɣiran-nsen i wakken ad nadin ɣef lqut, ma d
ifrax ṭṭuqten yerna ččewčiwen. Tgerrez tmuɣli imi tiṭ neɣ tameẓẓuɣt
neɣ anzaren wwin lḥeq-nsen, yesseṛwa-ten ugama. Yeweer unebdu
s uɣamac-is, maca tiẓegwa yeẓḍan, yeččuren s yisekla elayen, am
teslent, ttaken-t-d tasmuḍi. Lexrif d tasemhuyt anda agama
yesteefuy, amzun akken d tewser i ibeddun uqbel ad d-tas tguni n
tegrest i issawalen i tlalit n tefsut. Ɣellin yiferrawen n yisekla di
lexrif. Gar wa d wa, di temnaḍṭ-agi icebḥen, i yedder Abane
Remdane azal n 13 yiseggasen. Yeseedda temẓi-s di tawant.
Tawacult-is tesea aṭas n yigran i d-yettaken zzit uzemmur akked
tazart. Abane Remdane yella d anelmad ifazen aṭas aṭas. Di kra n
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
- 11 -
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
tangawin (disciplines), ulac win i t-yifen. Tizya-s, di lawan-nni, ur
ttruḥun ara ɣer lakul. Llant tsebbiwin i wannect-a.
Tamezwarut, ulac aṭas n lakulat imiren axaṭer nella ddaw uzaglu n
listiɛmar, imi irumiyen d nutni i yeṭṭfen adabu. Tis snat, tiwaculin n
leqbayel d tigellilin, ur zmirent ara ad fkent dderya-nsent ɣer lakul.
Smenyafent ad ten-sqedcen ama deg uxxam neɣ di lexla. Nezmer
ad d-nini belli Abane Remdane d zzher i yesea imi yekcem ɣer lakul
di taddart-is. Hatan d acu i d-yenna fell-as yiwen seg yiselmaden-is
deg yiseggasen-nni n 1932-1933 : “D anelmad amegzu, yers leeqelis. Zgiɣ ferḥeɣ s lxedma-ines akked tikli-s”.
S umata, iselmaden-is akk teeǧeb-iten lxedma-ines. Yeeǧeb ama d
iselmaden ama d tawacult-is, abaeda yemma-s i yellan tettzuxxu yiss aṭas. Mbeed mi d-yewwi “Certificat d’Etudes Primaires”, Abane
Remdane yekcem srid ɣer tesnawit DUVEYRIER n Blida i yuɣalen
s yin d afella d tusnawit IBN-ROCHD.
Abane Remdane yufrar-d abaeda di tusnakt. Dɣa di tesnawit-agi n
Blida i d-yewwi Lbak n tusnakt, imiren d imexḍa wid yessawḍen
ɣer uswir-agi di leqraya. Ula d irumiyen, qlil deg-sen wid
yessawaḍen lweqt-nni ɣer Lbak.
Ilaq diɣen ad d-nini d akken di tesnawit-agi n Blida i yebda Abane
Remdane, i yesean imiren 13 yiseggasen di leemer-is, yettarra
ddehn-is ar tsertit, ar liḥala ideg tella tmurt-is d wegdud-is. S Lbakines, Abane Remdane yezmer ad ikemmel leqraya-ines di tesdawit.
Imawlan-is, abaeda baba-s, yebɣa ad ikemmel leqraya taelayant i
wakken ad d-yeffeɣ d amejjay neɣ d abugaṭu. Ula d netta
ixemmem, di yiwet teswiet akken, ad ikemmel leqraya-s i wakken
ad d-yeffeɣ d abugaṭu. Maca, ar taggara, yella yakan imiren, 22
yiseggasen di leemer-is, imal aṭas ɣer tsertit. Imiren ulac aṭas n
yimdanen yeṭṭafaren tasertit, acku tella teswiet teẓmek yerna ur
yezmir ara uzzayri ad d-yerr tasertit d lxedma-s. Ur tesseččay ara
aɣrum i bab-is akken qqaren. Ula d ikabaren i yellan imiren ur sein
ara idrimen i wakken ad ssidren imeɣnasen-nsen.
Maca, Abane Remdane yesea taɣennant, yeẓra anda iteddu, yextar
ad yennerni di tsertit. Yexdem kra n wussan di tɣiwant n Celɣum
- 12 -
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Leid i d-yezgan gar Sṭif akked Qsenṭina. Yeǧǧa lxedma-nni n lbiru
xas akken di lweqt-nni, lxedma am tagi qlil win yessawḍen ɣur-s imi
tesea azal meqqren. Ur iɛeṭṭel ara, yuɣal d aqerru n ukabar i yellan
di 1947 d akabar azzayri yekkaten ɣef timmunent n tmurt-nneɣ.
Akabar-agi isem-is “Amussu i unalak n tlelliyin timagdayin”
(MTLD). Ur ilaq ara ad nettu d akken Lezzayer tella ddaw uzaglu n
Fransa. Agdud azzayri ur yelli ara d ilelli. Yettwaḥkem s wuzzal
irumiyen isennden ɣef lɛesker akked la police. Ɣef wayagi, yella
yewɛer aṭas ɣef uzzayri ad yeḍfer abrid n tsertit.
Di 1947, yiwet tuddsa umi qqaren O.S. (Organisation Spéciale)
tettwasebded ddaw leɛnaya n MTLD i wakken ad d-theggi
tagrawla. Abane Remdane yettiki di tuddsa-agi am netta am waṭas
n yimeɣnasen ur nettwassen ara.
Fransa tessaweḍ ad tfiq s tuddsa-agi. Dɣa, aṭas n yizzayriyen yellan
yessewǧaden ṭṭrad mgal Fransa ttwaṭṭfen di 1950 u ḥekmen fellasen s lḥebs.
Abane Remdane yellan yeffer di Wehran mbeed mi yella ɣef uqerru
n temnaḍt n La Soummam, gar Seṭif d Bgayet, yettwaṭṭef ula d
netta u ḥekmen fell-as s sin yiseggasen n lḥebs.
Di lḥebs, Abane Remdane yessefreɣ-asen tawenza i yieessasen-nni,
ama di Lezzayer neɣ di Fransa. Ieedda-d ɣef 4 leḥbus gar wid
iweeren. I wakken ad d-yesken i yirumiyen taɣennant-ines, yeḥbes
ɣef lqut aṭas n wussan. Yenɣes s wazal n 30 kilu segmi yeḥbes ɣef
lmakla. D annect-agi i t-yessawḍen ɣer lebɣi-s : yuɣal yettuneḥsab
am wakken d ameḥbus aserti, yesea izerfan-ines, gar-asen taɣuri n
yidlisen akked yiɣmisen.
Yeffeɣ-d si lḥebs di yennayer 1955 mbaed mi d-yesseedda 5
yiseggasen. Ur yeḥdir ara i undah n ṭṭrad n uslelli aɣelnaw i yebdan
yakan sin wagguren uqbel.
D amegzu, am wakken d-yenna fell-as uselmad-is asmi yesea 13
yiseggasen di leemer-is, Abane Remdane i yesean tirmi tasertit
meqqren ad yernu ad yaẓ ɣer zdat. Deg yiwen waggur, asmi d-yuɣal
ɣer Ieezzuzen, yeffeɣ ula d netta ar umadaɣ.
Asmi yebda ṭṭrad n timmunent, ass amezwaru n wenber 1954,
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
- 13 -
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Lezzayer tebḍa ɣef 5 temnaḍin ɣef uqerru-nsent :
1- Mostéfa Ben Boulaid, d aɣella n Aurès ;
2- Mourad Didouche, d aɣella n ugafa n Qṣentina ;
3- Belkacem Krim, d aɣella n tmurt n Leqbayel ;
4- Rabah Bitat, d aɣella n temnaḍt n Lezzayer ;
5- Larbi Ben Mhidi, d aɣella n temnaḍt n Wehran.
Ulac win yellan d aqerru ɣef 5 n temnaḍin-agi. Yella Mohamed
Boudiaf i yeṭṭfen asaɣen gar xemsa yiɣella n temnaḍin-agi i dnebder akked 3 yiqerra nniḍen (Hocine Ait Ahmed, Ahmed Ben
Bella d Mohamed Khider) yellan berra n tmurt i wakken ad d-fken
afud i tegrawla-nneɣ, ladɣa s uceyyee n leslaḥ i yimjuhad.
Boudiaf ur yezmir ara ad d-yuɣal ɣer tmurt-is segmi yeffeɣ deffir n
umezwaru n wenbir 1954. Di tuber 1956, yettwaḥbes netta akked
yimeddukal-is Ait Ahmed, Ben Bella akked Khider, asmi tettwaṭṭef
tmesrifegt-nni i ten-yewwin si Rabat ɣer Tunes.
Ulɣu n umenzu n wenbir 1954 i yura Boudiaf akked Didouche s
tefransist ur yesbidd ara win ara yilin d aɣella n tegrawla. D amkanagi i yellan d ilem i yeṭṭef Abane Remdane. Tura ad nwali amek.
Asmi yerwel Abane si tmurt n Leqbayel ɣer temdint n Lezzayer
taggara n furar d tazwara n meɣres 1955, liḥala n tegrawla teḍḥa-d
teweer. Leesker n Fransa yerra-d tiyita s leqseḥ, annect-a yegla-d s
lmut n waṭas n yimjuhad. Rrnu ɣer wannect-a imjuhad akked
yimeɣnasen iɣelnawen (les nationalistes) ḥebsen, ur zmiren ad lḥun
akken i sen-yehwa, yezmer ad ten-ṭṭfen la police.
Aṭas n yimjuhad i yettwanɣan neɣ i yettwaṭṭfen. Llan gar-asen
yiɣella n temnaḍin. Akka :
1- Didouche Mourad yettwanɣa ass n 14 yennayer 1955.
2- Ben Boulaid Mostéfa yettwaṭṭef ass n 11 yennayer 1955.
3- Bitat Rabah yettwaṭṭef ass n 23 meɣres 1955.
4- Boudiaf Mohamed yella di Lmerruk.
Ḥala Krim Belkacem akked Larbi Ben Mhidi i d-yeggran di
Lezzayer. Iɣella yettwanɣan neɣ yettwaṭṭfen uɣalen deg yimukannsen yimɛiwnen-nsen. Maca, mazal ulac asaɣen gar temnaḍin d
yimjuhad. Imjuhad ttwaeezlen deg yidurar, wa ur iẓer wa. Abane
- 14 -
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Remdane, i yellan di lawan-nni di Lezzayer deg umkan n Bitat
yettwaṭṭfen, yexdem snat tɣawsiwin :
- Tazwara inuda amek ara d-yeg asaɣen gar temnaḍin akked yiɣellansent.
- Tis snat, yessuter deg yiɣella akked yikabaren isertiyen izzayriyen
nniḍen ad d-kecmen ɣer tegrawla.
Abane Remdane yumen belli ma nebɣa ad d-nawi tilelli i Lezzayer,
ilaq akk izzayriyen ad ttekkin di ṭṭrad. Izzayriyen, lawan-nni, llan
bḍan am yibawen ɣef lluḥ. Yerna mačči aṭas i yellan umnen s tikti n
usufeɣ n Fransa s ṭṭrad imi teɣleb Lezzayer di tezmert. Ɣef wayagi i
nezmer ad d-nini belli d Abane Remdane i yessawḍen ad d-yejmee
izzayriyen akked yikabaren yellan di teswiet-nni. Iceyyee i :
- Ferhat Abbas, aɣella n ukabar UDMA,
- Ben Khedda, Dahleb, Kiouane, Bouda i yellan zik d iɣella n
MTLD,
- Cheikh Larbi Tbessi akked Kheireddine seg umussu n Leulama,
- Ouzeggane akked Hadjres seg ukabar amezduklan azzayri (PCA).
Deg yiwen useggas, si meɣres 1955 ar meɣres 1956, Abane
Remdane yessaweḍ ad d-yejmee ɣer yiwet tqaeet akk iɣella
izzayriyen yellan niqal ur ttemsefhamen ara gar-asen i wakken ad
ttekkin, afus deg ufus, di ṭṭrad n uslelli aɣelnaw. Annect-agi leemer i
d-yeḍri gar yimeɣnasen izzayriyen, ula asmi d-kecmen irumiyen di
1830.
D tadukli i d-yettawin tazmert. Abane Remdane, deg akken yefhem
aṭas lmeena n yinzi, yerra-t d tilawt. Ayen akka yexdem Abane
mačči d izli, mačči menwala ad yessiweḍ ad d-yejmee ɣef yiwet tekti
izzayriyen akken ma llan. Maca annect-a mačči ḥala ayen leali is i dyegla i Abane Remdane, imi aṭas i yusmen seg-s, kerhen-t imi nutni
ur ssawḍen ara ad xedmen ciṭuḥ seg wayen yexdem netta. Wagi ilaq
ad necfut fell-as axaṭer d ayagi ara ɣ-yessiwḍen i wakken ad nefhem
ayen yeḍran akked Abane mbeed.
Tura ad d-nemmeslay ɣef Abbane akked Qassaman. Teẓram akk
belli Qassaman d imseɣret aɣelnaw n Lezzayer (neɣ ma tebɣam d
nnacid lwaṭani). Yal tamurt di ddunit tesea imseɣret-ines. D ccna
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
- 15 -
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
wezzilen i d-yettaken yiwet tmuɣli tamecṭuḥt ɣef umezruy akked
tɣerma n ugdud.
Tikti n Qassaman bab-is d Abane Remdane. Annect-a yenna-t-id
Rebbah Lakhdar. D wagi i d-imugren Abane, tikelt tamezwarut i dyekcem ar temdint n Lezzayer di taggara n Fevrier d tazwara n
mars 1955. D netta i s-id-yufan anda yezdeɣ di tzeqqa Boucher i
yellan zdat n wannar umi qqaren Ḥamma akka tura.
Yiwen wass, Abane Remdane yessuter di Rebbah Lakhdar ad iruḥ
netta d Ben Khedda Ben Youcef i wakken ad mmlilen d Moufdi
Zakaria, yiwen umedyaz amẓabi i izedɣen di temdint Lezzayer, ad
sutren deg-s ma yella yezmer ad yaru yiwen nnacid i tegrawla
tazzayrit.
Timlilit tamezwarut teḍra-d deg webrid “les Tanneurs” i dyessufuɣen ɣer webrid n Ben Mhidi. Timlilit-agi ur tessaweḍ ara ɣer
kra. Moufdi Zakaria yugi ad yexdem ayen i sutren deg-s acku ur
iwufeq ara tikli-nni id d-wwin yimjuhad : tteksen idrimen s ddree i
yemzenza imẓabiyen.
Asmi t-yewweḍ lexbar-agi, Abane Remdane yessuter i wakken ur
ttnalen ara imẓabiyen. Yenna-yasen d akken imẓabiyen-agi d
izzayriyen ula d nutni, ilaq fell-aɣ aten- nqadar.
Akkagi i yessaweḍ Abane Remdane ad iqennee Moufdi Zakaria i
wakken ad d-yaru Qassaman. Ifka-yas kra iwellihen ara yeḍfer
Moufdi Zakaria di lxedma-yagi :
- Tamezwarut, ur ilaq ara ad d-yebder ula d yiwen yisem deg
usefru-nni.
- Tis snat, D agdud weḥd-s i d zzaɛim, mačči d flan neɣ d flan.
- Tis tlata, agdud azzayri yeggul d akken ad yidir d ilelli neɣ ad
yemmet.
Akk iwellihen-agi sean azal d amuqran di lweqt-nni. Yessuter
Abane i yal ilemẓi azzayri akken ad yelmed amseɣret-agi. Annectagi yella-d deg yiwen weḍris i yura Abane s timmad-is ass n
umenzu n yebrir 1955. D aḍris-agi i yeḍfer Zakaria asmi yura
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Qassaman. Asmi d-yeɣli weḍris-agi ger ifassen irumyen, wehmen s
tektiwin nni, ur uɣen ara tanumi s wannect-nni n tegzi d lefhama.
Lmuziga n Qassaman ixdem-itt yiwen umaṣri. Nnwan niqal as
eiwden lmuziga asmi tefra. Ilaq yiwen wass imseɣret aɣelnaw n
Lezzayer at xedmen izzayriyen. Axaṭar amseɣret aɣelnaw neɣ
nnacid lwaṭani d azamul n wegdud, ad d-yas seg-s.
Tura nessaweḍ-d ɣer Ugraw n la Soumam. Tecfam, nenna-d Abane
yessaweḍ ad d-yejmee akk izzayriyen d ikabaren ɣef tekti n listiqlal
n tmurt.
Deg ugraw n LA SOUMMAM, yessaweḍ Abane ad issexdem
tadukli-agi n izzayriyen mgal listiɛmar afransi. Iswiyen n weswir
banen :
1- Tadukli deg yiwen wegraw n iqerra n temnaḍin.
2- Tamuɣli ɣer wanda tessaweḍ tegrawla.
3- Asuddes neɣ aneḍḍem n l’ALN.
Di teɣzi n 20 n wussan, iqerra n tegrawla nnejmaeen u mmeslayen
ɣef liḥala n tmurt deg yiwen wexxam id-yezgan deg-umadaɣ n
IGBAL, ar tama n Bgayet. Yerna leesker n Fransa yezzi-d i mkul
tama. Maca nniḍam n ugraw igerrez mačči d kra u yella-d di
lbaḍna.
AMIROUCHE, yiwen uqerru amuqran n tmurt n Leqbayel, yelhad d tɣellist (la sécurité) n ugraw s lemɛawna n yimjuhad yellan
yides.
Ḥedren i ugraw-agi :
- Larbi Ben Mhidi, yellan d aqerru ɣef temnaḍṭ n Wehran, d netta i
d aselway n wgraw.
- Abane Remdane, aɣella asertan (chef politique) n FLN, amaray n
wegraw.
- Ouamrane Amar, aqerru n temnaḍṭ n Lezzayer.
- Krim Belkacem, aqerru n temnaḍṭ n Leqbayel.
- Zirout Youcef, aqerru n ugafa n Qsentina.
- Ben Tobbal Lakhdar, ameiwen n Zirout Youcef.
Ur ḥdiren ara :
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
1- Ben Boulaid Mostéfa, aɣella n Aures, yettwanɣa uqbel
agraw, ass n 27 meɣres 1956.
2- Si Cherif, aɣella n wenẓul n Lezzayer, iceyyee-d rrabul
ines.
Yella aṭas umeslay ger wigi yakk iḥedren deg ugraw. Aṭas n tiɣtasin
(les décisions) i d-yeffɣen seg-s, qeblentent akk imeḥdar. Llant
garasent rebea a tent-id-nebder dagi :
Tamezwarut : iswiyen n tegrawla ttubeggnen-d akken iwata deg
uttaftar-nni d-yeffɣen deg ugraw umi qaren “plate-forme de la
Soummam” (Tiɣerɣert n la Soummam).
Tis snat : l’ALN xedmen-as yiwet n tsuddest i tikelt tamezwarut s
isellumen d walugan n usali d tikli.
Tis tlata : Lezzayer tebḍa ɣef 6 n temnaḍin umi qqaren
LWILAYAT. Mkul lwilaya s wuṭṭun ines, seg yiwen alama d setta
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5 d 6), tettmetil yiwet n lǧiha n tmurt nneɣ : tamnaḍṭ n
les Aures, tamnaḍṭ n ugafa n Qsenṭina, tamnaḍṭ n Leqbayel,
tamnaḍṭ n temdint n Lezzayer, tamnaḍṭ n Wehran d temnaḍṭ n
wenẓul azzayri.
Tis rebea : Llant snat n tsequma i yzemren ad refdent leryuy :
- C.C.E. : Anbaz n Tuqqna d Uselkem.
- C.N.R.A. : Aseqqamu Aɣelnaw n Tegrawla Tazzayrit.
C.C.E. llan deg-s 5 n iɛeggalen :
1- Abane Remdane
2- Ben Mhidi Larbi
3- Krim Belkacem
4- Benkhedda Ben Youcef
5- Dahleb Saad.
Di xemsa yid-sen ilaq ad ilin di temdint n Lezzayer. Lxuf n lmut
neɣ n weḥbas-nnsen yezga. Xemsa-agi iɣella imuqranen n tegrawla
ilaq ad idiren di lbaḍna. Zzgan ttbeddilen ixxamen. Yal wa ur yeẓri
anda yella wemddakul-is. Ma ilaq ad myeẓren i wakken ad frun kra
n temsalt, ilaq ad d-eeddin ɣef umusebbel ar aten- isemlilen. Ma
yettwaṭṭef, ulac lxuf ɣef iɣella-nni.
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
C.N.R.A., netta, llan deg-s 34 n iɛeggalen. Yennejmae 4 n tikkal ger
1956 d 1962 berra n tmurt, di Maṣer, di Libiya akked Tunes.
Mbaed Agraw n la Soummam, ṭṭrad yeḥma. Ula d agdud yedda-d s
ṭṭaqa akked yimjuhad. Dag-i i d-iban wazal n yergazen am Abane
Remdane d iɣella yellan yid-s. Tban-d tmusni-nnsen deg uselḥu n
tegrawla.
Akken ma llan iɣella n tegrawla ḥercen u ssnen, maca iɣleb-iten
yakk Abane Remdane, yufrar-d fell-asen, iban-d d aɣella n tidet,
yezmer ad yessexdem lɣaci u yessen aten-yessexdem. Ifehhem s
lemɣawla u yal tamsalt yesea-yas tifrat.
Amennuɣ amuqran mgal irumyen d winna n temdint n Lezzayer
umi qaren “la bataille d’Alger”. Nnan-d d akken d Ben Mhidi i
yebɣan ad yexdem yiwen usended amatu (grêve nationale) di
Lezzayer. Asundded-agi eewwlen-d ad tebdun ass n 28 yennayer
1957, di teɣzi n 8 n wussan. Wid yeṭṭfen rray-agi n usudded sɛan 3
yeswiyen bɣan a ten-awḍen :
1- Akraf n yal aḥerrek di tmurt n Lezzayer.
2- Abeggen belli agdud n Lezzayer yedda d yimjuhad deg
umennuɣ-nnsen mgal Fransa.
3- Asufeɣ n temsalt n Lezzayer ɣer berra n tmurt i wakken
ad slen yakk yis leǧnas.
La grif teḍra-d ɣas akken Fransa thegga-d iɣallen-is i wakken ad ttqerree annect-en, abaeda di temdint n Lezzayer.
Akk Izzayriyen nnan-d IH i wsiwel n CCE d Abane Remdane :
ixeddamen, imzenza, ifellaḥen, inelmaden ḥebsen ɣef lxedma.
Fransa teewwel-d ad terẓ la grif-nni. Leesker n Jacques MASSU llin
s-ddree tiḥuna, wwin ixeddamen ar imeḍqan n lxedma nnsen,
nnɣan u ṭṭfen aṭas n izzayriyen. Seɣlin-d rrehba d lxuf deg ulawen n
izzayriyen akken ma llan. Win ṭṭfen, ur d-yettuɣal ara.
Deg-umennuɣ agi n temdint n Lezzayer i yeɣli Larbi Ben Mhidi.
Yettwaḥbes ass n 22 furar 1957 u yettwanɣa ass n 3 meɣres 1957.
D annect-agi i yeǧǧan imeddukal n Ben Mhidi di 4 yid-sen ad
rewlen si tmurt asmi ten-yewweḍ lexbar belli yettwaṭṭef.
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Aqlaɣ nessaweḍ-d ɣer wasmi yebda Abane Remdane yettmagar-d
uguren it yessawḍen alami yettwanɣa s-leɣder s ufus n yerfiqen-is.
Yeweer aṭas ɣef Abane Remdane i wakken ad yeffeɣ si Lezzayer.
Yeɣli-d leḥzen ɣef ul-is. Aṭas n izzayriyen i yemmuten, i yettwaṭṭfen
ɣer lḥebs. Ulac tawacult imeneen. Lmut n Ben Mhidi iḥulfa-yas aṭas
Abane. Yella d ameddakel-is amuqran. Yir liḥala-agi simmal
tettkemmil ɣef Abane. Di leemer yemsefham netta d krim
Belkacem. Gar-asen mačči kan d lḥiḍ, am ayen yellan gar igenni d
lqaea. Krim d argaz n umennuɣ, ma d Abane iḥemmel axemmem,
tasertit. D tidet, Abane ismenyafi wid yeɣran. Ma yella yiwen ur
yeɣri ara, iruḥ am akken iḥqer-it. Abane iteqqes s yiles-is. Ula d
Krim ur yemnie ara seg-s. Amer yettaf kullec ad igerrez. Ilaq ulac
win ara iɣelḍen di tegrawla. Annect-a iweer ad d-yili imi ulac argaz
ur nɣelleḍ ara.
Mi yewweḍ ɣer Lmerruk, Abane yennuɣ netta d yiwen uqerru
amuqran nniḍen n tegrawla : wagi d Abdelhafidh Boussouf.
Ilummit ɣef tlata n tɣawsiwin :
- Tamezwarut, acuɣer yessuli s lemɣawla Boumedienne.
- Tis snat, acuɣer i yejmee aṭas n yedrimen n tegrawla ɣur-s di
Lmerruk, di lawan i deg ilaq ad d-aɣen yis leslaḥ.
- Tis tlata, acuɣer l’FLN n lmerruk ur yekcim ara aṭas di tegrawla.
Boussouf ur d-yenni awal, ur s yerri ara i Abane. Maca yecfa-yas u
ad d-yerr ttar.
Akka tura, Abane yesea sin yeedawen : Krim d Boussouf. Rrnu-d
ɣer-sen ar taggara Ben Tobbal Lakhdar, aqerru n ugafa n Qsenṭina.
Mi yewweḍ ɣer Tunes, mbaed mi d-ieedda ɣef Lmerruk, Abane
yufan liḥala ur tessefraḥ ara sɣur iqerra n tegrawla yellan din. Yal
wa yetteassa wa, ala tadduyin wwaygarasen.
Krim, Ben Tobbal d Boussouf zzgan ttlummun di Abane. Kra
qaren-as d keč i d sebba n wayen yeḍran di la grêve nni n 8 wussan.
Ttun d akken mačči ḥala Abane weḥd-s i yellan deffir n temsalt agi
amaɛna llan di 5 yid-sen. Yerna ur nezmir ara ad d-nini d akken la
grêve agi ur tenǧiḥ ara. Wiyaḍ qaren-d ɣef Abane belli netta di
tidett d acengu neɣ d aɛdaw n tegrawla. Annect-a iban d tikerkas,
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
imi win yesean imjuhad deffires mačči d Abane amaɛna d Krim,
Boussouf d Ben Tobbal.
Di tidet, ayagi akk yekka-d si tismin d timeḥzizwar ɣer leḥkum d
umennuɣ ger iqerra anwa ara d-yekken s nnig wiyaḍ, am akken
tḍerru di yal tamurt, di yal tagrawla. Xedmen kullec i wakken ad teezlen. Ggullen deg win ar as-immeslayen ula d awal.
Ar taggara, udin-as tafxett. Ssutren deg-s ad iruḥ ar Lmerruk i
wakken ad yefru yiwet n temsalt i d-yeḍran ger leesker n Lezzayer d
leesker n Lmerruk.
Abane ilaq-as ad yemlil d ugellid n Maruk i wakken ad yefru taluftagi. Netta yuɣ lḥal ulac d acu yellan, d sebba kan.
Iruḥ netta d Krim d Mahmoud Cherif, yiwen uqerru n l’Aures, deg
yiwet n tnafagt. Yufan Boussouf yettraju-ten di Lmerruk. Dinna itnɣan ass n 27 décembre 1957.
- Ayagi d tadyant tameqrant n tegrawla tazzayrit.
- D ass-is aberkan.
- Amezruy d lmuḥal ad t-yettu axaṭar ur ilaq ara azzayri ad yenɣ
gma-s azzayri !
Ayen deg aydeg ulac ccek : D Abane Remdane i yellan deffir n
listiqlal n Lezzayer. Ma nenna-d d akken Abane Remdane d netta i
d bab n timmunent, nesea ttbut ɣef ayagi. Yerna d ttbut iṣeḥḥan.
Tamezwarut, d netta, weḥd-s, i yessawḍen ad d-yejmee, ad
yessemlil izzayriyen d ikabaren isertiyen n lweqt-nni d iɣella-nnsen i
wakken ad nnaɣen ɣef tmunent n tmurt.
Ulac win yessawḍen ad yexdem ayen yexdem Abane. S kra n
umennuɣ d-yeḍran si 1830 ur yewwiḍ ara ɣer yeswi acku iɣella n
lawan-nni, ɣas akken sean tissas, ur dduklen ara.
D tagi i d tamsirt tamenzut : amgared yellan gar tagrawla n 1954 d
tiyaḍ d-yellan uqbel-is, mi ara yeddukel wegdud, ad yaweḍ ɣer
yeswi-s, akken yebɣu yiɣzif umecwar. D tadukli i d lsas n yal
taɣawsa.
Sebba tis sant is-yella Abane Remdane d bab n timmunent, d netta
id-yessbedden tuddsiwin d yenbazen ɣef i tsenned tegrawla.
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Tuddsa tekka-d s-nnig n wemdan, tessemlal daxel-is aṭas n
yemdanen - d irgazen d tulawin - i izemren ad xemmen lwaḥid, ad
mmeslayen ɣef webrid ar awin i wakken ad ssiwḍen ɣer yeswinnsen.
Ar taggara, akken yebɣu yecceḍ Abane Remdane, maca ad yeqqim
d winna i yneǧren abrid i wegdud azzayri i wakken ad d-yessukes
timmunent-is, mbaed yiwen n ṭṭrad annect-ilat anda azal n umelyun
d nnefṣ imeɣrasen d timeɣrasin yeɣlin i tlelli n wegdud.
Remdane Abane
- 22 -
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Salsa di Tipaza
Said ZANOUN
T
ajmilt n tikkelt-a, tasɣart textar-d tamdint tamesrart
n Tipaza. D tamdint ḥemmlen akk medden, di lebda
tettmaggar-iten s yiɣallen lɛeslama zeddigen.
Tamdint-agi ilaq ad nissin lbaḍna-s, lḥut-d ! ddut-d yid-i ad naker
addud ɣur-s i wakken ad d-nagem yiwen usagem fessusen n tussna
seg umezruy-ines i wakken ad nekkes acaḥuḍ n fad n wayen nesqeḍ
ad t-nessin.
Ma yella tudert s tewzel neɣ s teɣzi n lweqt tesɛa taggara-s, uleqrar
tettraǧu-tt lmut. Ma yella d tussna, d lebda yettlal-d ujdid ɣef ujdid.
Tussna dima d tilemẓit, leɛmer-is ur yettuneḥsab ara. Aql-aɣ la
nleḥḥu ɣef zelmeḍ n tmanaɣt n Lezzayer iqublen lebḥer, mi
nessuref i kra n temdinin ad aɣ-d-temmagger temdint-agi
mechuren n Tipaza, umi imerzan i d-yettasen ttzurun-tt qqaren-as
tamdint n ureɣ (la ville d’or ). Ula d tamdint n Cherchel qqaren-as
akka. Ḥala snat temdinin-agi umi qqnen isem n wureɣ. Ayagi d
ttbut n thuski n teslit.
Mass Louis Bertrand, yiwen unaẓur afransi i imerrḥen deg-s yennad : «Ce site, c’est à la fois un des plus aimables et des plus
grandioses de la méditerranée, une douceur extrême des teintes,
une suavité, une mollesse toute italienne ». Ma yella d Mass Felix
Lagrote, yiwen uselmad ameqqran, iṣewwer akk tamdint, cerqi
berqi, netta yenna-d : «Le bonheur à Tipaza, c’était l’harmonie des
ruines dorées sous les oliviers, les peins parmi les absinthes au
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
bord de la mer, sur le fonds du Chenoua accroupi ». Amyaru
ameqqran Albert Camus, netta daɣen yenna-d : «A Tipaza, je vois
équivaut à je crois et je ne m’obstine pas à nier ce que ma main
peut toucher et mes lèvres caresser, je n’éprouve pas le besoin de
faire une œuvre d’art, mais de raconter ce qui est différent. Tipaza
m’apparait un de ces personnages que l’on décrit pour signifier
indirectement un point de vue sur le monde comme eux, elle
témoigne, et virilement. Elle est aujourd’hui mon personnage et il
me semble qu’à le caresser et le décrire, mon ivresse n’aura pas de
fin ».
Si zzman n zzman aqdim, akk Tipaza d lqurub n Ccenwa, tamurt,
tekker-d d tamarkantit, lɣella-s meqqret, ssɛaya-agi tekka-as-d seg
uẓru-ines n tfezza (la pierre calcaire ) akked usɣar i yellan s ṭṭaqa,
sseqdacen-t s waṭas di lebwaber akked teflukin.
Di lweqt n Rruman, Tipaza terna di tbuɣar s lɣella n tferrant (la
vigne ) akked uzemmur yettruẓun tiseḍwa n tzemrin i d-yettarwen
zzit mebla cceḥa. «On comprend que ce site aux souples
ondulations, dominé par l’énorme masse du Chenoua, a été et fait
fortune très tôt. La pierre calcaire et le bois abondaient jadis dans
le pays. Dès l’antiquité romaine, la vigne s’y développa, mais c’est
probablement l’olivier qui fût la principale ressource de la région ».
Yuɣ lḥal ambaddal n ssuq yeshel-as imi iberdan llan wejden, lmersa
tella, txuṣṣ kan leryaf n trusi d unaqel n sselɛa (les quais ). «Les
communications étaient assurées par un réseau de bonne route. Le
port de Tipaza, il est vrai, n’était pas bon, il n’avait pas de quai,
mais il était en relation de commerce avec l’Espagne, la Gaule et
l’Italie. Sans doute, s’en étant contenté, faute d’un endroit plus
favorable ». Akkenni, s wuguren-agi, imzenzi irennu yettnerni,
yettkuffut yettimɣur, ileḥḥu di tmura-agi i d-nebder. D amenqad
(Emperreur ) Claude i yerran Tipaza d taḥrast n Rruman (colonie
romaine ) di lweqt-nni anda agdud n tmurt n La Gaule (Fransa)
mazal imezdaɣ-is ddaw umadaɣ, gganen deg yiɛecciwen, kessen deg
yizuɣar.
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Ddin n lmasiḥ umi d-nejren abrid irumaniyen yezwar yeẓẓa imɣi di
Tipaza, ayagi yeḍra uqbel ad d-yeqqel d ddin unṣib n umsenqad
(religion officielle de l’Empire ). «En effet, c’est l’Empereur Claude
qui fit de Tipaza, vieille cité phénicienne, une colonie romaine, en
un temps où La Gaule végétait encore sous les forêts et les pâtures.
Le Christianisme qui semble avoir été florissant à Tipaza sous le
bas empire, s’y était introduit de bonheur, avant même que l’édit
de Milan ne décide de sa reconnaissance comme religion officielle
de l’Empire. Prospérité qui explique l’importance des vestiges
chrétiens : deux grandes basiliques, la chapelle de l’Evêque
Alexandre, la Nécropole de l’Ouest. Sur ces pierres, plane le
souvenir de la Sainte Salsa ».
D tidet yella ttbut n waya, mazal aṭas igulaz n urumi (vestiges
romains ) i d-yeggran ttwaneqcen s ufella n yeẓra i d-yesneɛtayen
amezruy n Salsa, yiwet teqcict yesɛan 15 yiseggasen di leɛmer-is, d
tilemẓit akken d tamecṭuḥt tuki-d, tumen s ddin n Sidna Ɛisa
yettɛebbin seg wul iṣeḥḥan. S wurfan, Salsa tekker terẓa yiwen
usbeddad (statut ) i ttɛebbiden wiyaḍ, tekkes-as aqerru, tḍegger-it
ɣer lebḥer. Imcumen-nni, akken ad d-rren ttar, nɣan-tt s lmut
tajehlit (masacrée ), ḍeggren tafekka-ines ɣer waman. Lebḥer
amzun yugi ad yecrek, ad yeqqel d aẓekka n tfekka n ccahida,
yennuɣna, yerfa, yekker yerwi ! yettemxebbaḍ d yiman-is, yencef !
lmujat ttkuffutent, ssḍent ! ttelint d asawen ɣef yidurar ! aḍu
yettsuḍu yejhel ! yekker yiwen ilemẓi d anebɣas, isem-is Saturninus,
am wakken yefhem ayen yebɣa lebḥer, isebbel tarwiḥt-is, ineggez
ɣer daxel n waman yerwin akken ad d-yessali tafekka n teqcict
Salsa. Imiren-nni kan, ters-d lehna ! Aḍu yekkes, yessusem, lmujat
rrsent ! lebḥer yetthedden, yuɣal-d ɣer leɛqel-is.
Aselmad Lagrote yenna-d belli ulac aṭas-aya, di Tipaza n wass-agi,
mazal yella yisem n twacult Saturnino.
Deg useggas n 430, inebbazen n Vandales i yesterwsen akk Tafriqt
n Ugafa, aṭas n yimezdaɣ n temdint n Tipaza rewlen, zegren ɣer
tmurt n l’Espagne, dinna i yuɣ yimɣi n uɛebbed n tmeɣrast Salsa
yuɣalen d tamrabeḍt n urumi.
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Di temdint n Tolède n tmurt n l’Espagne, llan wid mazal
ttɛebbiden deg-s almi d lqern wis sebɛa, lameɛna ar ass-a ulac wid i
d-yewwin ttbut n tfekka n Salsa anda tella. «Oui, avec l’an 430
débute l’invasion Vandale, l’Afrique du Nord est dévastée, toute la
ville décide alors de s’enfuir en Espagne. Les restes de la jeune fille
martyre furent-ils emportés ! C’est possible, car le culte de Sainte
Salsa prit racine en Espagne. Gsell précise qu’on le célébrait encore
à Tolède au 7ème siècle ». Am akka i la nettwali, tamdint n Tipaza,
tamarkantit n umezruy tuklal ad tettwassen. «Oui ! Tipaza, mérite
une visite, cette petite ville laisse de profonds souvenirs qu’on
n’oublie jamais ! ».
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tamaziɣt ass-a,
tajmilt i yimezwura
Hamid BILEK
A
kken yebɣu yiɣzif yiḍ, leqrar-is ad yali wass.
Iseggasen ttɛeddin imulliyen wa yeṭṭafar wayeḍ ,
mkul tafsut s tefsut-is, yal tafsut s rrebḥ-is, tɛedda
tefsut n tmanyin, tetbeɛ-itt-id tefsut taberkant. A d-assent tiyaḍ, ad
ddunt deg uzamul n tid iɛeddan, imi abrid i d-neǧrent d win n
tugdut, d win n tlelli, d win n tmaziɣt…
Abrid si tefsut n tmanyin armi d ass n wass-a, tedda deg-s tmaziɣt
amecwar ɣezzifen, ulama yenneḍ, ulama yeččur d isennanen, d
iɛekkuren, anida d irgazen i yettwaḥebsen, d tirwiḥin
i
yettusebblen. Tɛedda tedyant n tmanyin tusa-d tin n xemsa u tesɛin
anida azal n umelyun imeɣriyen i iḥebsen ɣef uɣerbaz, sebblen
aseggas n tudert-nsen, aseggas deg uzekka-nsen i wakken ad
skecmen tamaziɣt ɣer uɣerbaz. Di tefsut taberkant mmaren
idammen n wacḥal d ilemzi…
Ass n wass-a, ahat wid inuḍḥen seg iseggasen n 40 d 50, wid n
iseggasen n 60 d 70, ur ttamnen ara iman-nsen mi ara walin anida
yessaweḍ umennuɣ-nsen, amennuɣ mi id terfed dderya-nsen.
Tɛedda tallit anida Dda lmulud, azamul n tmaziɣt yettwaḥbes,
ugin-as ad d-yawi assarag di Tizi-Ouzou, ɣef tigemmi tamaziɣt, ɣef
isefra iqburen n teqbaylit. Yeḍra wayen yeḍran, yedda zman, Ass-a
aɣmis-nni it iregmen yuɣal yettzuxu s tmusni-ines, yettmagar,
yesṭaṛḥib s leqdic i d-yettilin ilmend-is. Aya d amedya iwakken ad
d-nini akken tebɣuḍ trewleḍ i tidet, akken tebɣuḍ tɣummeḍ lḥeq,
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
akken tebɣuḍ, akken… Am win yettɣumun iṭij s uɣerbal, laṣel
yettqellib ɣef laṣel, anaɣ yella deg wawal : tzemreḍ ad teskiddbeḍ
ɣef yiwen yal ass, ad teskiddbeḍ ɣef medden yiwen wass, maca ur
tezmireḍ ad teskiddibeḍ ɣef medden akk yal ass, qqaren daɣen:
tidet am zzit, akken tebɣuḍ txelḍeḍ-tt, leqrar-is ad d-tifrir. Abrid n
tidet, d abrit n laṣel, d abrid tmaziɣt di tmurt-is. D wagi kan ay d
ṣwab.
Seld tidyanin n 88, llint kra n tewwura, xelqen-d acḥal d akabar,
acḥal d aɣmis, acḥal d tiddukliwin tidelsanin. Tamaziɣt yedda-d
weḥric-is, ama d ikabaren, ama d iɣmisen, ama d tiddukliwin i
iqeddcen tuget deg wennar n tmaziɣt, yal wa yefka-d ayen iwumi
yezmer iwakken ad iɛawen tamaziɣt ad tali, ad taf iman-is di tmurtis.
Ger useggas n 90 d 91 lulen-d sin igezda (Departements) n tutlayt
d yedles amaziɣ di Tizi ouzou d Bgayet. Deg useggas n 91 i tikkelt
tamezwarut, tekcem tmaziɣt s wudem unṣib ɣer tiliẓri n lezayer s
yiwen weɣmis n talɣut s tmaziɣt. Tiliẓri yellan yiwet n tallit teqqar-d
ayen ur nezmir a d-nɛiwed ɣef imeɣnasen n tugdut, ɣef imeɣnasen
n tlelli, ɣef imeɣnasen n 80. Maca !
Aneḥbus ɣef uɣerbaz di 95 yeslul-d Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa,
(tasuddut tamezwarut di timunent n Lezzayer iqeddcen i tmaziɣt),
yessekcem tamaziɣt s aɣerbaz, aɣerbaz i deg ass-a llan deg-s azal n
250000 inelmaden, nnig n 1400 n isemaden n tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Deg useggas n 2001 yekker ubaxix, yeɣli azal n 126 d ilemẓi ɣef
tugdut, ɣef tlelli n wawal, akk d tmaziɣt. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal,
tamaziɣt tḥella-d, tekcem di tmendawt deg useggas 2002, tuɣal d
tutlayt taɣelnawt. Anwa yumnen !
Aseggas n 2009 yegla-d s tullya n tiliẓri tamaziɣt, u mazal lxiṛ ɣer
zdat…
Iwakken ad nilit nessaram s azekka yelhan, yelha ma nwala d akken
yella wayen yettwaxedmen deg unnar agi n tmagit, n izerfan n
wemdan, n teɣdemt, n tmaziɣt …atg. Lexṣaṣ yella, maca aqeddim
yedda ɣer zdat, ɣer deffir tuɣalin ulac. Akken qqaren taqerɛunt ma
yella tneṣṣef, yiwen ad tt-iwali tneṣef teččur, wayeḍ ad tt-iwali nefṣ
- 28 -
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
deg-s d ilem. Di sin sɛan lḥeq imi mxallafent tmuɣliwin, win
yessaramen s ayen yelhan, ad tt-iwali la tettaččaṛ, ma d win
yeddarɣlen, yettwalin siwa ṭlam wina ad yettwali taqerɛunt a tezazal,
a tneggi. Wigi d wid yebɣan dɣa tamaziɣt ad tt-rren daxel n
tqarɛunt, am wakken xeddmen i yiɣerdayen n tirmitin.
Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, akken bɣunt mxallafent tmuɣliwin, tamaziɣt
tuɣal d tilawt di tmurt-is. Tamaziɣt tekcem di tmendawt, tamaziɣt
teṭṭef aḥric deg wennar n talɣut, tamaziɣt tekcem deg uɣerbaz
azzayri, yiwen ur yezmir ad yenkeṛ. I wid yettwalin akken nniḍen,
tamaziɣt ulac lxuf fella-s. Tamaziɣt tessutur deg-sen kkan ur ttnnekren ara, ur tt-ttbeddilen ara s tayeḍ. Ayen isehlen akk di ccɣelagi d ayen ilaq ad yexdem yal yiwen deg-neɣ, d ayen isehlen ɣef yal
yiwen deg-neɣ : d ameslay gar-aneɣ s tmaziɣt, d ameslay i dderyanneɣ s tmaziɣt, d wayi id “Le SMIG” di tudert n tutlayt.
Yal aseggas tafsut a d-tuɣal, nessaram yis-neɣ, nessaram s tmaziɣt, s
warraw n tmazɣa ad tif tid iɛeddan. Tamaziɣt ass-a teḥwag ad idirin
warraw-is yid-s mačči ad mmten fell-as.
Tajmilt ad tuɣal i wid isebblen tirwiḥin-nsen, tudert-nsen, seg
iseggasen n ṛebɛin tarreḍ-d d asawen, Iɛegalen n Wegraw Imaziɣen
(Academie Berbère), imeɣnasen n tmanyin, arrac n xemsa u tesɛin,
arraw n tefsut taberkant, tiddukliwin tidelsanin d wid yakk yellan d
imufiren, d iqeddacen n tmusni imi izad leqdic-nsen, iwakken yusad wass-a, anida akken s yenna winna: “Zik tamaziɣt tettawi ɣer
lḥebas, ass-a tettawi ɣer tafat, ɣer tlelli i wakken ass-a ad yif iḍelli,
azekka ad yif ass-agi”.
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
- 29 -
AVRIS
Awal ɣef wawal
Moh MEDJDOUB
I
wumi awal ?
Awal iferru-t wawal, neɣ awal ad yefru awal. Awal ma
yeqṣed ḥellu, ad yebnu maca ma yeqṣed rekku, ad
iteddu yetthuddu.
Melmi awal ?
Awal yettili anda yella wawal, amkan-is anda iwulem kan, mačči ɣer
zdat, mačči ɣer deffir ; awal iteddu s lqis.
Amek ara yili wawal ?
Awal ma wezzil yefra, ma ɣezzif ad d-yefk kra. Awal ad yili yewzen
deg iles n win yettmeyyizen akked win yettḥezziben.
Ansi d-yekka wawal ?
Awal d lsas n wemdan, yes-s i tbennu ddunit, yes-s i tettemsaɛqal
talsawit, yes-s i ferrunt, yes-s i berrunt.
Acimi awal ?
Awal d asuɣu n yemdanen, acku yes-s i d-tnuzeɛ terwiḥt assen mi
d-tlul. S wawal i neqqar : A bbuh i lbaṭel, abbuh a tidet, abbuh a
tarda, abbuh ay ammus, abbuh ay izerfan-iw, ay amezruy-iw, ay
idles-inu ; abbuh a timmad-iw, abbuh ay aẓar-iw.
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Azal n wawal
S wawal i d-nḥekku, yes-s i nettargu ; s wawal i tent-nferru, yes-s i
netthuddu akken a nebnu, s wawal i nzerreɛ ngemmer tamusni,
yes-s i ntekkes lxiq mara yeččar wul, cwi kan yella wawal. Acukan
lemmer awal s tidi a neggugem irkkelli !
Amek i yelha ?
Yelha wawal mara yenneḍ sebɛa n tikkal deg yimi uqbel ad dyeffeɣ. Yelha mara d-yeffeɣ i bennu akked usnerni n win ara syeslen. Yelha wawal icebḥen, iweznen ad yili d win iḥedqen, mačči
d win iqebḥen. Yelha wawal amellal win zeddigen, mačči d awal
aberkan win qessiḥen.
Awal yefka-t-id bab n wawal akken ad yili nnig merra n wawalen n
yemdanen.
Yiwen d wiyaḍ
Yella yiwen, llan wiyaḍ yecban winna ; acukan wigad nniḍen ur
ttemcabin, ur cbin s ayen ilaq ad cbun, ur cbin ɣer yiman-nsen ;
maca ttemcabin gar-asen. Cwikan yella wayen uɣur ttemcabin.
Ula d amedyaz yewhem deg-sen, wigad-agi ɣillen bennun amezruy,
netta wag-i yelha-d yid-sen, yerna ad d-qqaren wiyaḍ akken
amezruy-agi mi tecḍeḍ kan ad tkecmeḍ ar ɣur-s, leqrun d leqrun
wissen ma k-fdun.
Ihi fiḥel awal ; yal yiwen ayen yezreɛ ad t-yemger, lqanun n ddunit
akka…
- 34 -
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tabrat i yelli
Boussaâd BOUAICH
A
ss-agi la ttruɣ ! Mi nɣil merra d aqcic i la
yettimɣuren deg ueebbuḍ n yemma-m, amejjay
yenna-k :"Γef wayen akka ttwaliɣ d... taqcict".
Isusem. Cwiṭ akka yerna-d : "ulac ccek, d taqcict tamecṭuḥt i la
ttwaliɣ". Yerna-yas-d d "tamecṭuḥt", am akken tezmerḍ yakan ad
tiliḍ d tameqqrant ! Meɛna mačči d aya iɣ-iceɣben, yemma-m akk d
nekk : ur numin ara ayen akken nesla "d taqcict" ! Ih, d taqcict ay at
rebbi ! Nekkni yessarmen si tazwara a d-neseu taqcict "tamecṭuḥt",
nekkni yessarmen a kemm-id-neseu. Allen-iw ččurent-d d imeṭṭi ;
mmuqleɣ ɣer yemma-m, kif kif ttiriqent wallen-is...
Ihi tura zemmreɣ am-in mmeslayeɣ, ad serseɣ ameẓẓuɣ-iw ɣef
ueebbuḍ n yemma-m akken am-in-sleɣ tettembiwileḍ (bɣiɣ a d-iniɣ
am tmerdedda, ugadeɣ ad teččḥeḍ). Tura yal ass ḥemmleɣ mi dserseɣ afus-iw fell-am ay id-wteḍ s rkel akken qqaren. Anda ẓriɣ,
ahat kemm s uqerru i d-tekkateḍ.
Tikwal uqbel a y-id-yas yiḍes ttwaliɣ-kemm ger wallen-iw. Ttwaliɣkemm tleḥḥuḍ zdat-i, tafettust-im deg ufus-inu, nteddu, nteddu,
nugi a neḥbes, nugi a neeyu. Kemm tezhiḍ, tettfeǧǧiǧeḍ, nekk
akter. Mi d-uɣaleɣ ɣer leeqel-iw, afeɣ-d iman-iw : allen eemrent d
imeṭṭi, ul yekkat am wakken yewwet zdat teqcict-nni i ḥemmleɣ i
tikelt tamezwarut, acḥal iseggasen aya tura uqbel a d-mmagreɣ
yemma-m
deg
webrid-iw.
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Acu ara m-iniɣ ? Γeṣbeɣ a d-tlaleḍ. Γeṣbeɣ a d-tiliḍ, a d-tiliḍ da,
zdat-i, a kemm-ddmeɣ ger ifassen-iw. Ḥareɣ a d-tlaleḍ, ẓriɣ a deawdeɣ talalit yid-m, ẓriɣ a d-eawdeɣ talalit yess-m, ad uɣaleɣ d
wayeḍnin. Ẓriɣ s tlalit-im ad uɣaleɣ ma ulac yakan d "baba", am
wakken yuɣal d "lḥaǧ" winna i d-iẓuren Mekka. Nekk d dduḥ-im
ara yuɣalen d Mekka-inu, fell-as ad tezziɣ alamma yezzi leeqel-iw.
Yerna tura mi d-mmektaɣ, am-d-aɣeɣ dduḥ d ameqqran aɣ-yawin
di sin, akken ula d nekk, yal mara teṭṭes yemma-m, a d-rewleɣ seg
ussu i wakken ad ṭseɣ d tama-m. Am kemmini ad kemseɣ ifasseniw ddaw umayeg-iw. Tigecrar-iw a tent-kerrfeɣ almi ḥuzant
idmaren-iw am wakken lliɣ di teebbuḍ n yemma. Imiren kemm ad
tegneḍ, nekk ad ttmuquleɣ deg-m. Am-selfeɣ ɣef lḥenk-im, ad
urareɣ s ufus-im, a kemm-rjuɣ akken alamma teldiḍ-d allen-im. Γas
ma teeṭleḍ, yecqa-kemm : ɣuri ad ḥesbeɣ iḍuḍan-im. Mi wwḍeɣ ɣer
wis eecra, a sen-d-eiwdeɣ s wadda.
Aha segger, ɣiwel imɣur-d. Ur ttaggad, heggaɣ-d yakan dacu ara
nurar nekk yid-m. A nurar alamma neeya, xas a nsemmeḥ ula deg
imekli-nneɣ, xas a nerr iman-nneɣ ur s-nesli ara i yemma-m mi ara
ɣ-d-ssawal, mi d-suɣ fell-aɣ akken a nekfu turart. A nǧelleb, a
nbessel, a nessimes lqecc-nneɣ. A neḍs s tufra di sin mi tt-neẓra
tebda treffu. Mi nwala terfa dayen, a nruḥ di sin a s-nger iɣallen, a
s-neḍleb smaḥ u a tt-nessuden, kemm ɣef yiwet n tiṭ, nekk ɣef
tayeḍ... akken ur aɣ-d-ttwali mi ara nemmeɣmaz i wakken a d-nini :
azekka ad as-neawed."
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Ɣef Salas d Nuja
Ferhat BALOULI
Tazwart
T
edder tmaziɣt seg wakud aqbur di timawit, wigad-is
ur d-lhin ara d tira s tutlayt-nnsen am akken xedmen
yegduden nniḍen, dɣa d ayen yeǧǧan tamaziɣt ass-a
ur tesei ara tasekla yettwarun s waṭas, ayag-i d ayen isi d-lhan
yemyura deg wezgen wissin n lqern yezrin (wis 20) dayen yebdan
ahat akken ileq s ɣur Dda Lmulud di tesnilsit d welqaḍ n tmedyazt,
maca tenulfa-d tira nniḍen icebbḥen tamaziɣt, tag-i d tin n ungal,
dɣa banen-d aṭas n yemyura deg weḥic-agi, deg-sen Racid Ɛelic,
Aemer Mezdad yakk d Brahim Tazaɣart i yuran ungal-a i ɣef ad dnemslay tikelt-a.
Γef wungal Salas d Nuja
Ungal-agi iwumi isemma mas Brahim Tazaɣert 1 “Salas d Nuja” d
yiwen ungal i d-yefɣen kan taggara-agi maca yaeǧeb imusnawen n
weḥric-agi n tira, dɣa ɣef aya yettunefk-as warraz deg tfaska
Ur seiɣ ara aṭas isalen ɣef tudert n wemyaru agi aceku ur d-mleleɣ ara akka
tizrawin ɣef tira-yis maca netta am akka n tama-agi n Bgayet, yesea yakkan idlisen
nniḍen s tmaziɣt; amenzu d tulizin tid iwumi isemma « Lǧǧarat », yessea daɣen
amud isefra iwumi isemma « Nnig tira », diɣen kan akka ini yaru-d s iiɣmisen ɣef
tmuɣliwin-ines, nezra d akken tulzin-ines llant deg yedlisen tmaziɣt n inelmaden
iɣerbazen n tmurt nneɣ.
1
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
taɣlnawt n udlis iderrun myal asseggas di tmanaɣt n tmurt-nneɣ.
Ma d ayen yerzan asentel i ɣef d-iyettmeslay, dɣa d win n tayri d
wayen d-yezzin fell-as.
Yebḍa wemyaru ungal-is ɣef tlata yeḥricen, amezwaru, win i wumi
isemma “aṭan d uneɣni”, Yebda-t s umeslay-is ɣef lḥala n Salas
ilemzi n 24 iseggasen ikecmen ɣer sbiṭar, ayen ara as-d- yawwin
taruẓi d uneɣni ameqran imi netta ur izemmer ara akken d afella ad
yurar adal iḥemmel, dɣa deg waḥric-agi yella-d umeslay s telqayt
amek yedder Salas di sbitar, amek id-yefeɣ almi d-yewweḍ s axxam
anda ur s yeeǧib ara lḥal maḍi, segmi yewwi-d acerrig n lebda deg
ueebuḍ-is.
Deg weḥric wis sin, win i wumi isemma wemyaru « timlilit »,
yewwi-d deg-s ameslay ɣef wamek d- tella temlilt ger Salas d Nuja,
tin ara ad-ibanen ass ma ara iruḥ Salas d yemdukal-is ɣer yil yellan
di tama ihin n Bgayet, dɣa ɣer tɣiwant-nni i wmi neqqer “Bulimaṭ”
neɣ “Jerba” s yisem-is n tidett, din id- teḍra timlilt ger sin
yemsikkiren « acteurs » id-nuder yag-i, ayag-i yella-d ass mi teɣreq
Nuja d medden mera ur zmiren ara ad gren a tt-id-ksen si rahba n
lmujat n yil yerwin, alla Salas id-yugmen tabɣest, yenṭeg akken a ttid-yessukkes deg uqemuc n yil, ɣer taggara s tallelt n ieewamen n
uwanek (état) yessaweḍ Salas a tt-id-yesukes si lemwaji alarmi dtefeɣ s aftis, sin tebda tmusni, din tlul tayri ger ilemziyen, almi d ass
mi d-tewweḍ taggara n uḥewes d umereḥ-nnsen di Blimaṭ,
mfaraqen maca mačči s wulawen, myal yiwen yuɣal s axxam-is.
Deg waḥric aneggaru, win i wumi isemma wemyaru:« tazmert n
tayri » yulli Salas ɣer lezzayer tamanaɣt akken ad inadi ɣef Nuja
acku ur s-d-tefki ara tansa-ines, maca yecfa kan d akken tenna as-d
teqqar deg ussegas wis tlata di tseddwit n lezzyer, am akken is-dtenna teqqar tujya, sin akken yewwi-d wemyaru aṭas ɣef yensayennneɣ acku Nuja tella tettueellaq i mmis xal-is ɣas akken nettat u
tebɣi ara, ɣer taggara Salas yemlal d Nuja ɣer tama n tseddawit,
meslayen teawed-as-d ayen is-d-tena ɣef yimmi n yil, tegul-as-d d
akken tḥeml-it akken ur teḥmil yiwen, netta daɣen yeččur-as ul-is d
ayen tebɣa, maca amyaru yezzi yemeslay-d ɣef umennuɣ i texxdem
- 38 -
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Nuja deg wexxam akken yemmas ad ter aḍar ɣef taluft n zwaǧ-is d
Ṭyeb mmis xal-is « neɣ mmis n gmas n yemmas » d wamek yugi
babas ad yeddu lebɣi i tmettut-is di taluft-agi, ɣas akken di tidett d
babas « nneɣ jeddis n Nuja » i yeelqen taqcict. Гer taggara n ungal,
yemlal Salas d Nuja di yiwet n tɣilust, dina ɣer tama tesdawit,
teḥka-yas-d amek teqqim ugar n sin wussan yezrin di texxamt-is, ur
tečči ur tesswi i wakken kan ad zren imawlan-is d akken tugi win
ɣur tt-qqnen, sin tecud mera assirem-is ɣer babas is-d-yennan ɣɣar
kan ayen nniḍen d cɣel-iw, ɣer taggara, myennan acḥal myaḥmalen,
sin ifeq Salas d akken Nuja tettak anzi ɣer yemmas yemmuten
teǧǧat-id kan akken d aqcic, s wakka tamacahutt tefeɣ ɣer tagara
yeldin, ur zwijen ur friqen.
Tamuɣli taseklant ɣer ungal
Tafekka n ungal-agi tezzi ɣef sin imsekkiren (acteurs) “Salas” d
“Nuja”, tella ger-asen yiwet n tayri taqesḥant, ur yerẓi ara wakud d
teɣzi iberdan neɣ leweer n yensayen-nneɣ, di tira-s mass Brahim
Tazaɣart yedda abrid n tsekla tilawit (réalisme) 2 (dɣa d wag-i i d
abrid iddan aṭas n yemyura n tmaziɣt ass-a) ayen d-yettbanen s
useqdec n tgawin yellan di tilawt, sin yefka-yasent wumyaru cwiṭ n
tbeḥritt tẓuri, acku iccud timsal akken iwata, ta deffir ta, ahat mačči
akken iḍrant di tilawt maca kkan-t-d ssin.
Dɣa tira tilawit tettak azal aṭas i weglam acku yess id-tettban tira d
aken tcud ɣer tilawt akken iwata, ma yella d asemres-is; yettban-iyid d akken yesqedc-it wemyaru deg waṭas n tegnatin ɣas akken ayagi yekcem di tbadut n uglam 3 maca zemreɣ ad d-iniɣ d akken
amyaru yekcem di tlufa lqayen n wayen id-yeglem, yewwi-d ɣef
imeḍqan 4 ɣef yemdanen 5 ɣef iɣrsiwen 6 d wayen nniḍen.
Wikipèdia, réalisme (littérature).
Walli di temsalt: Kania Rabdi: Tasekka n uglam, di tmaziɣt tura , uṭṭun 04,
HCA, yennayer 2010, as. 35.
4 Brahim Tazaɣert, Salas d Nuja, as.60.
5 Kifkif, as 93- 101- 116 – 143.
6 Kifkif, as 69.
2
3
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Deg wayen id-nefren di tezrawt-agi-nneɣ, dɣa d amek id-yeglem
wemyaru imeḍqan i deg yezdeɣ Salas, yenna-d: « d akessar, akkin i
wassif yettnazaeen tafat treqq ɣef yigejda, daxel yexxamen, ɣef
lǧammee ibedden di tlemast n Bujlil id-iqublen . Nnig n taddartnni, adrar at Ɛebbas yebded d leenaya. Гer tama tyefust, allen
ttruhunt ttuɣalent ger Taɣza d At Mensur d assawen nnig n
Tezmalt, ɣer tama-s adrar n weɣbalu yetteceueul….» 7 tukkist-agi
id-nekkes seg unegal tettmeslay-d ɣef tama i yezdeɣ Salas, dɣa
yewwi-d wemyaru ameslay-agi ɣef uneɣni yeṭṭfen Salas deg yiwen
yiḍ akkenni, ssin yerrat-tt i umuqel ɣer tudrin id-yezzin i taddart-is 8
di tira yezmer wemyaru ad d-isemmi kan tudrin maca aya as-yekkes
rruḥ i tsekla-s, dɣa d ayen-i yeǧǧan amyaru yeseqdec akk ismawen
d-tefyirin i wummi rriɣ aceriḍ s ddaw-nsent, amedya n “wassif
yettnazaeen” wag-i dɣa yerna-as-d wemyaru ayen ur nessin ara degs, acekku yezmer ad d-yinni kan “assif” ass mi is-d-yerna
‘yettnazee’ dɣa ihuz allaɣ imeɣri, yesufeɣ-it ɣef tutlayt musnawen,
yeskecem-it ɣer tẓuri d wayen icudden ɣur-es.
S umata greɣ tamawt deg ungal-a d akken anales(narrateur) yeggard iman-is aṭas, ladɣa s ttawil-agi n weglam, llan-t tikkwal anales
yettmeslay-d alma d asebter neɣ ugar, am deg usebter 96-97 neɣ di
137… am akken ad d-naf di tira tilawit n Brahim Tazaɣert ulac aṭas
n tugniwin, ɣas akken kan akka ini teedd-id yiwet am tin i deg dyenna Dda Ɛmer (yiwen seg imuḍan yellan d Salas di sbiṭar) « salas,
ttḥadar iɣes-nni uḥutiw tettawiḍ ɣef ueebuḍ-ik, ma tkecmeḍ yess
ɣer waman yezmer ak-yerwel…» dɣa yerra wemyaru nfadi lexyḍa
ucerig d-yeggran si temhelt n ucellaḥ (operation chirurgical) n Salas
amzun tafekka n yislem, ayen yefkan aṭas n cbaḥa i tira. Maca
akken yebɣu yilli, yettban-iyi-d wemyaru-nneɣ yeḍfer akken iwata
isuḍaf n tira tilawit.
Kif kif, as 60-61
Di tidet tudrin-agi lant di talast ger twleyt n Tubirett akk d Bgayet ɣef yimmi n
wasif Ɛebbas (neɣ summam akken imusnaw).
7
8
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Tamuɣli tasnilsant ɣer ungal
Akken yesseqdac wemyaru ttawilat n tẓuri yecban aglam d tugniwin
d wayen nniḍen, ad d-naf d akken ɣer taggara yesseqdec daɣen ilesis neɣ tutlayt-is, s wakka di tmuɣli-nneɣ ɣer waḥric-agi ad naf mas
Tazaɣart yeseqdec imeslayen imaynuten, ahat id-yerna netta ɣer
tmaziɣt, am akken yesseqdec awalen ijenṭaḍen neɣ ireḍel-d seg
tutlayin nniḍen am taerabt d tefransist.
Si tama n ureṭṭal, sukseɣ-d aṭas imeslayen i yeseqdec wemyaru deg
weḍris-ines id-yekkan si tmeslayin nniḍen am: abuksur, amutur,
takiluṭ, rubini, akulwar, afutay… S umata nezmer ad d-nini d akken
akk awalen-agi seqdacen-ten yimdanen di tidett, akka s talɣa ureṭṭal;
ayag-i daɣen d ayen yellan akk di tutlayin n ddunit, maca iban-iyi-d
si tama-w d akken imyura ilaq ad d-afen ttawil i yimeslayen yesean
yakkan isem s tmaziɣt, dɣa amyaru-nneɣ yeseqdec aṭas n tikwal sin
wawalen yesean yiwen unamek; yiwen s tmaziɣt, wayeḍ d areṭṭal
dayen ara nnwali deg tfelwit-agi 9 :
Tutlayin
Isebtar
28/29
51/91
64/135
aṛeṭṭal
tamaziɣt
lebḥar
smana
ijernanen
il
ddurt
iɣmisen
Deg tfelwit-agi nekes-d kra imeslayen deg unegal, nfern-d wid idyussan s snat n talɣiwin tin ureṭṭal d tin n tmaziɣt, ayag-i di tidett
yettbegin-d d akken di tmaziɣt mazal yella umenuɣ ger sin
wawalen-agi, am akken mazal ur ireṣṣa ula d yiwen deg-sen, ɣas
akka nekkni nebɣa ad yettef wina n tmaziɣt, maca tidett ad d-teqqar
ayen nniḍen 10, ɣer taggara, akken yebɣu yilli lḥal yettban-d deg
9 Ger tamawt d akken llan sin isebtar deg yal tabaṭ n tfelwit-agi, amenzu d win I
deg d-yedda wawal n tmaziɣt wis ssin d asebtar i deg d-yedda wawal n tefranssist
yesean yiwen unamek netta d wina n tmaziɣt id-yettwabedren qebel-is.
10 Di tmuɣl-iw yettban-iyi-d d akken awi yufan ad neseqdac imeslayen tmaziɣt
axir, maca akken izen ad yelḥq ɣer imeɣri tikwal ileq anseqdec n wawalen-agi n
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
imedyaten-agi d akken mass Brahim Tazaɣert inuda-d awalen
iwulmen i yesntal-ines, maca aseqdec-nsen mazal yetthabi-t ; imi
tella kan tugdi-agi : ur yettaweḍ ara yizen ɣer imeɣriyen.
Si tama nniḍen, nger tamawt d akken mas Tazaɣart yerẓa cwiṭ ixefis akken ad yaff kra imeslayen imaynuten i kra n tɣawsiwin dyemlal di tira-s akk d tudert-is, dɣa nḥawec-d kra am :
Awal amaynut s tamaziɣt
Taxxamt ussired
Ẓerb n webrid
Aeewdiw temzizelt
Anamek-is s tafransist
Salle d’eau
Clôture de l’extérieure
Cheval de compétition
S umata yettban-d d akken awalen-agi id-yesnulfa wemyaru d
awalen uddisen, am akken cudden wawalen-agi ɣer kra n tɣawsiwin
id-yettemlili wemdan aṭas di tudert-is, dɣa a win yufan ad yili wahil
amqran di tlufa n usemmi akk n isufar-agi id-tewwi tɣerma n wassa, am akken yeseqdec wemyaru aṭas n wawalen imaynuten idsnulfan wiyaḍ am : ifrayen, anafag… ayen d-yesebganen temɣer n
wahil n wemyaru.
Awal n taggara : ameslay ɣef tsekla n tmaziɣt ass-a, neɣ ungal-agi n
mas Brahim Tazaɣert ur yezmir at yerfed yiwen weḍris kan, maca
nessaram ad yili wegraw n imusnawen di tlufa-agi akken ad fernen
ayen yelhan d wayen n diri di tira n wass-a, s tamma-w ungal-agi
« Salas d Nuja » iban-iyi-d ger ungalen yelhan nezzeh, deg-s aṭas
iɣuraf n tayri di tmetti-nneɣ sarameɣ a t-ɣren medden, ad arnun aɣd-fken tamuɣli-nnsen akken aɣ-d-ldin alen ɣef ayen ur nwala ara,
ama yelha ama dirit.
ureṭṭal, dɣa iwakken anezger taluft-agi yettban-iyi-d ileq amyaru ad yaru awalen
issin ger tucer di tikelt tamenzut ara ten-id-yadder deg unegal-is akken ad eeqlen
imeɣriyen anamek-nnsen ama s wawal ureṭṭal ama s win n tmaziɣt, ma d ass ma
ara s d-iewed deg isebtar nniḍen ad yettader kan awal n tmaziɣt axir.
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
TULLIST
Cciṭan
Ahmed HAMOUM
I
qubel ufellaḥ amejjay ibedden sdat umeṭreḥ n temɣart i
tekcem tmettant. Tethedden, d taṣebrit, d taɛeqlit,
lmendad-is sin n yirgazen-a iwumi tesmeḥsis mi
ttmeslayen. Nettat ha-tt ɣef tizi n rrwaḥ, iwweḍ-d lajel-is ; ur tugad
ur tenḥerwat, ɣer-s tnin u tesɛin d aseggas.
Seg ṭṭaq d tewwurt ibrarḥen, iṭij n ṣṣmayem ittgeffiɛ iliz ines
aḥmayan ɣer tɣerɣert n wakal azerdxan, iččuren d imdunen i ɛefsen
yiḍarren n wacḥal d tasuta. Achili igellu-d s tariḥt n yiɣewdan ;
tariḥt n usaɣur, tariḥt n yifer d yizellafen isreɣ yiṭij n uzal. Abẓiẓ d
werǧeǧǧi uɣen lexlawi s tijjiqin-nsen icban alelluc i ttɛebbiẓen i stturaren yigerdan ; mi iḥbes yiwen, ad ikemmel wayeḍ.
Amejjay, issali taɣect-is, inna :
- A Umesɛud ! Ur ilaq ara ad teǧǧeḍ yemma-k iman-is deg tegnit
icban ta ; ad temmet deg yimir ɣer wayeḍ.
Iḥzen ufellaḥ, issenduder anyir-is, inna :
- Issefk ad d-jemɛeɣ irden-iw ; acḥal aya i ǧǧiɣ lɣella-w berra ! Ma
ulac ad tḍaɛ. Lḥal ilha, neɣ d acu twalaḍ a yemma ?
Megduda tamecḥaḥt, i d-icfan i lqella d ẓẓmik, teqbel ; tesɣel-as i
mmi-s s uhuzzu n ccfer d timmi. Ikker ad iruḥ, tɛemmed-as ad ttyeǧǧ ad temmet bla amwanes.
Izɛef umejjay, iddez lqaɛa s uḍar-is :
- Keččini d abhim, tesliḍ ! Ur dak ttserriḥeɣ ara ad tt-txedmeḍ,
tfehmeḍ neɣ ala ? D ulaqrar ! Irna ma terra tmara, ruḥ nadi-d
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
tamlawit ara k-iɛassen mamma-k. Nessali lehdur ! Ma tgummaḍ, ad
k-ǧǧeɣ ad temmureḍseḍ am uydi asmi ara taḍneḍ ; ad k-id-terr
tmara ɣer-i, tesliḍ ?
Afellaḥ d ameḍɛafu, ifget 11, ala iɣessan i yas-d-iggran, ambiwel ines
s taẓẓeyt, itqelleq aṭas, izga-yas-d wugur d imḥegger ; tugdin n
umejjay d lɣella-s i t-ihban i t-iggunin. Ikukra, isseḥseb, istewtew :
- S wacḥal ara yi-d-ittqami wazal n tɛessast ?
- Anda ẓriɣ nek ? Tuɣal ɣer wacḥal n lweqt ara tt-tɛass. Msefham
yid-s a ssiɛqa ! Ḥlaǧeɣ-tt ad d-tili dagi deg ssaɛa, tesliḍ ?
Ihegga iman-is ad iffeɣ :
- Aql-ih ad ruḥeɣ, ad ruḥeɣ ! Ur reffu ara a Sidi Ṭṭbib !
Amejjay iṭṭef abrid-is, yeǧǧa din mmi-s n Mesɛud, iteddu issawal :
- Tɛelmeḍ, haaa ! Ulac ɣer-i tiqecmeɛt mi ara zeɛfeɣ !
Segmi i d-iqqim iman-is, izzi ɣer yemma-s, inna-yas :
- Imi akka i ibɣa, ad ruḥeɣ ad nadiɣ ɣef Melxir. Ṣber s imir ad duɣaleɣ.
Iffeɣ ula d netta, iǧǧa yemma-s tesred ɣef wussu.
Melxir, d yiwet tmeṭṭut icennun deg lfuruḥ, tettcewwiq, tettɛawaz
deg yixxamen n nnɛi, tessirid timettanin, tettxiḍi fell-asent lekfen.
Tesbeḍ, tejjex am tteffaḥt taqdimt. D tamaɛurt, d tudɣilt, d
tamecḥaḥt armi d dihin, - tẓemmi izi deg zzit - aɛrur-is iqwej am
yiqwi seg ṭaqqa n leɛtab d uxeddim izgan fell-as ; ɣef waya, i yasssawalen Tabuɛrurut. Qqaren-d : “Lferḥ ines ameqqran, mi ara
twali amdan isselqaf”. Ur thedder ara maḍi ala ɣef leṣnaf n nnɛi
akked yimdanen iwumi teḥḍer mi suffɣen rruḥ ; tettales-iten-id akk,
ur tettaǧǧa acemma seg wayen twala neɣ tesla, tceffu fell-asen, ur
as-iɛerreq yiwen ; teḥfeḍ-iten akken iḥfed umẓallu lḥemdu.
Mi ikcem Umesɛud s axxam n Tbuɛrurut, yufa-tt tettheggi aman i
useɣmu n yiẓeḍwan ; d nettat i iɣemmen i sut taddart timendilin n
lluk d tid n uzegza.
Inna-yas :
- Mselxir fell-am ! Amek i tettiliḍ a Nna Melxir ?
- Akken ibɣa Rebbi, ad t-neḥmed ad t-necker, i kunwi ?
11 Ifget : ikkaw, ffɣen-t waman (= déshydraté).
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
- Uuuh a Nna Melxir ! Nniɣ-am, nek labas, ma d yemma eheee !
- Yemma-k ?
- Ih, d yemma !
- D acu i yuɣen yemma-k ?
- Ha-tt-an la awal la sin, ala rruḥ ittali iṭṭar. D nettat i yi-d-iceggɛen.
Tameṭṭut tsuffeɣ-d ifassen-is seg waman, iseg ttudument tmiqwa
iluɣen s uzegza, tteḥnuccuḍent ɣer yixfawen n yiḍudan, sakkin
smaqayent ɣer tkirwant 12.
Din-din terra-yas-d s uɣiḍi d leḥnana :
- Tenṭer akk annect-a !
- Inna-yi-d umejjay belli ur d-ittuɣal ara ɣer-s.
- Ihi iɛedda lqecc-is, ad nemmet akk d nnuba ; amezwaru ɣer din,
aneggaru ɣer din !
Isguyez Umesɛud acemma, iɛreq-as wamek ara d-issu i wawal. Imi
ur d-yufi ara, dɣa iɛzem inna-yas :
- Acḥal ilaqen akken ad tt-tɛasseḍ alamma d taggara ? Teḥsiḍ ur lliɣ
ara d bab n ssɛaya, zemreɣ kan ad xelseɣ taqeddact. Aṭas i
tettumerret tmeɣbunt n yemma ; txeddem azal xeddment ɛecra
tlawin xas tnin u tesɛin deg leɛmer-is, d leɛtab i tt-issawḍen ɣer
waya. Ur as-d-nessawaḍ deg wacemma !
Tabuɛrurut, teẓra-t s anda iteddu, dɣa tefra-yas-tt-id :
‘‘Llant kan snat ssumat : ‘‘Xemsemya duru i wass d rebɛa alaf i yiḍ i
yimerkantiyen. Teltemya duru i wass d tlata alaf i yiḍ i wiyiḍ. Keč
ad iyi-d-tefkeḍ teltemya duru akked tlata alaf.’’
Umesɛud xas d afellaḥ, maca d bu tḥiltin d tḥerciwin ; issen mliḥ
yemma-s, iẓra amek tella d taṣebrit ; tezmer ad ternu ddurt kamel,
xas akken inna-d ṭṭbib belli ur tettɛeṭṭil ara.
Inna-yas :
- Ala ! Bɣiɣ ad iyi-d-txedmeḍ ssuma seg tura ar taggara. Ad neɛreḍ
sseɛd-nneɣ i sin ; am kemm am nek. Inna-yi-d ṭṭbib ar deqqal ad
tɛeddi. Ma akka ara teḍru, ilha-yam i kemm, diri-yi-it i nek, xas
idda-yi cwiṭ ulac deg-s. Ma illa teqqim ar azekka neɣ tɛeṭṭel, ilha-yi i
nek, iruḥ-am i kemm. Akka ! Fell-am fell-i.
12
Takirwant : lḥila tahrawant ur ɛlayet ara, tcuba ɣer ssḍel (= une cuvette).
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Tedhec tɛessast seg wayen i yas-d-isumer ufellaḥ, tbedd tettmuqulit ; werǧin i temsewwaq d wabɛeḍ s ujemmal ɣef tɛessast n lmegget.
Tebɣa ad tjerreb takti-agi n zzher, maca tkukra. Dɣa tcukk-it ittnadi
ad tt-ikellex. Maca, xas netta iḥrec iẓwer ; nettat, ur tettaɣ ara lḥut
deg lebḥer.
- Ur ak-qqareɣ walu skud ur ẓrint wallen-iw yemma-k. (i yas-terra)
Ruḥ-d ad tt-teẓreḍ !
Tesfeḍ ifassen-is, teḍfer-it din-din. Deg ubrid mi leḥḥun, yiwen ur
ihdir i wayeḍ. Tabuɛrurut, tzerreb tisurifin-is tin ɣer tin ; ma d
Umesɛud, iggar isurifen imeqqranen amzun s yal asurif ad izger
asif. Tisita, ṭṭsent deg yilmaten, iḍɛen-itent uzɣal, refdent iqerraynsent s taẓẓeyt, srugmutent i yimdanen-a iɛeddan, ḍemɛent seg-sen
aḥenǧuf n rrbiɛ aleqqaq.
Akken uẓan s axxam, istewtew Umesɛud, inna :
- Lemmer ad tili temmut !
Ɣer-s ayen i yas-illan d takti, iqqar-it yimi. Maca, Megduda mazal ur
temmut ara. Teẓẓel tinnegnit ɣef usgen n lḥif, iɣallen-is sufella n
zzawra tamurit, aglim inṭeḍ ɣef yiɣes, ifassen kkawen ḍeɛfen,
iḍudan-is iwwet zellum, kersen kemcen kemsen, cban tiqejjirin n
tfireɛqest, rnu leɛtab seg yiqeddicen s teɣzi n tudert i yas-izwin
tazmert. Tuẓa Tbuɛrurut s ameṭreḥ, tḥekker mliḥ deg temɣart,
tesferfed s afelluc-is, tɛebbeẓ-as ɣef uẓar, tesmeḥses-as mi isselqaf
d idammen, tnul-itt deg yidmaren, tesla-yas tesnuffus, testeqsa-tt,
tmuqel-itt mliḥ, sakkin teffeɣ ɣer sdat tewwurt, iḍfer-itt Umesɛud.
Tefrat-tt d rray-is dakken tamɣart ur tessawaḍ ara ɣer yiḍ. Issuter-as
Umesɛud :
- Amek ihi ?
Terra-yas-d tɛessast :
- Ahat ad ternu sin wussan neɣ tlata. Ad iyi-d-tefkeḍ xemseṭṭac n
alef, kulci idda.
Irfed leɛyaḍ :
- Xemseṭṭac n alef ! Xemseṭṭac n alef ! Deg leɛqel-im i telliḍ ? Maca
nniɣ-am ɣer-s kan xemsa neɣ setta sswayeɛ ma aṭas !
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Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa
Meslayen ddeqs, zeɛfen i sin. Mi akken ur msefhamen ara, tebɣa
Tbuɛrurut ad tebṭel. Tin ɣer-s lweqt ittɛeddi, am wakken daɣen
Umesɛud yugad ad as-qqimen yirden, ɣer taggara yuɣal iqbel :
- Ihi akka, xemseṭṭac n alef, kulci idda alamma d tarda.
- Nemsefham, xemseṭṭac n alef.
Iṭṭef Umesɛud abrid-is, iruḥ issuruf s iger ines iṭṭsen ɣer lqaɛa seg
ṣṣaba, deg yimir iṭij isruɣuy.
Tekcem tɛessast s axxam, tegla s wayen ara texdem deg lawan n
lɛessa. Imi ula ɣer tama n lmeggtin neɣ wid ittmettaten, ur tessin
aḥbas ; trennu lecɣal ama i yiman-is, ama i wid-nni i tt-issexdamen
am fessu n taḍuṭ, aqerdec-is akked tullma-as akken ad ternu lijara
ɣer tmezwarut.
Cwiṭ kan temmekta-d, tenna-yas i temɣart :
- Iwwi-yam-d amrabeḍ ?
- “Ala !’’ (i yas-terra s uqerruy-is)
Dɣa tekker tɛessast illan d taxunit, tewwet tbedd, tenna-yas :
- Tura ad d-awiɣ ccix n lǧameɛ.
Temmeɣ s axxam n ccix. Walan-tt warrac deg ubrid mi tserreḥ d
tazzla d aqlaqel ; nwan illa kra n uqriḥ iḍran.
Din-din iruḥ-d ccix izwar-d umɛawen-is, d yiwen yilemẓi axuni ur
nesɛi imawlan, yusa-d seg taddart-niḍen. D ccix i t-ijemɛen, irra-t d
aqeddac-is ; ittazen-it ɣer lqeḍyan, izeddem-as-d, ittagem-as-d, d
netta i ittadanen, tikwal ma ulac ccix ittẓalla s wat taddart, ittxellis-it
s teḥdert n uɣrum. Irgazen imeggren deg lebɛed, bedden
ttmuqulen-ten armi ɛeddan. Tilawin ijemmɛen tadliwin d irinen,
beddent, refdent afus ayeffus, s uḍad ttcehhident. Tiyuzaḍ
ineqqben imenda 13 deg rrif n ubrid, xerrant, ldint afriwen rrant d
tarewla sqaqayent, syin mfaraqent ur banent. Ajḥiḥ ikessen deg
telmat, mi ten-iwala s llbus imellalen ttazzalen yugad, itezzi i tagest
iɣer iqqen, ittneggiz ittṣukku. Ccix-nni amecṭuḥ, xfif, iserreḥ d
tazzla. Ccix ameqqran, deffir-s isleblub tisurtin. Tabuɛrurut d
taneggarut, teḍfer-iten tleḥḥu s uzagur iknan amzun d annuz deg
13 Imenda : zerriɛa (= des graines).
Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010
- 49 -
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