Tuget n yeqbayliyen (izwawen) ass-a, ẓran d acu i d-heggan izzayriyen i teqbaylit (tezwawt) seg wasmi yebda umennuɣ akk d umnekcam afṛansis, maca si Tefsut n tmanyin ar ass-a Izwawen mazal-iten ckuntḍen deg ijifar n Lezzayer taṛasist d udabu i ɣ-iqqazen aẓekka.
Uqbel ad tefru lgirra d umnekcam afṛansis, adabu azzayri ira ad ibeddel tamurt-nneɣ a tt-yerr d taɛṛabt-tineslemt, tebɣa neɣ ur tebɣi. Izwawen zemren kan ad idiren di tmurt-nsen ma yella qeblen ad uɣalen d wiyaḍ, mulac wa a t-nɣen, wa a t-ḥebsen, wa a t-nfun alamma wwḍen s iswi nsen anida ur d-igerri ubziz seg wayen ittusemman d amaziɣ. Ɣas akken nuki-d di tefsut n tmanyin, ɣas akken nenjeṛ-ed abrid, nuɣal neǧǧa-t yuli-t leḥcic. Assagi ad as-tiniḍ Azwaw yeɛya, yegguma ad idifandi ɣef yiman-is. Ilha-d kan d uɛebbuḍ-is, axxam-is, d tkerrust-is. Cwiṭ cwiṭ Azwaw yettuɣal d Aɛrab neɣ d wayeḍ. Ɛeddi-d kan di Tizi, Bgayet neɣ Tubiret, teldiḍ tameẓẓuɣt bac ad tfaqqeḍ acḥal terwi.
Ihi izwawen ilaq ad ẓren belli, ibawen n tmagit-nsen ttewwan. Nessaram ad ldin allen-nsen ad faqen belli d nutni kan i d imawlan n tmagit tazwawt, mači d wiyaḍ. Amek ?
1) Tamezwarut : tameslayt tedder s wid i tt-yesseqdacen [1].
Tameslayt ur nettuseqdac, abrid-is ɣer usalay (musee). D Izwawen kan i yzemren ad utlayen s tezwawt. Ur nezmir ara a nessuter deg weɣref nniḍen ad imeslay tazwawt deg umḍiq nneɣ. Aɛṛaben izedɣen tamurt n Imaziɣen, yellan d Imaziɣen qbel ad uɣalen d wiyaḍ, ur bɣin tamaziɣt. Ihi d nukni kan. Ilaq a tt-nemeslay, a tt-nettaru, a tt-nesselmad i tarwa-nneɣ akken a d-tegri i yezwawen n uzekka.
2) Tis snat : yewwi-yaɣ ṭṭmeɛ, nettraǧu deg udabu a ɣ-tt-id-isers deg uḍebsi [2]
Dagi nefka tiyita i yiman nneɣ. Neḍmeɛ tuẓẓga deg uqelwac. Walit kan dacu ixeddem udabu i yezwawen akk d tezwawt :
a. Sbedden-d HCA, d ajeɣlal kan, d ilem. Yiwet n tiddukla tamejṭuḥt am ACAA tessufuɣ-ed tikwal ugar n wayen d-yessufuɣ HCA n yedlisen. Tiɣussar (le budget) d timeẓyanin, rnu-yas ahat kra n usexser, sali imir tamaziɣt. Bla ma neḥseb-ed aḥeccem i ɣ-ttḥeccimen yezwawen n sserbis yellan daxel-is.
b. Sbedden-d tiliẓri s tmaziɣt (Tiliẓri tis-4), maca tuɣal d tiliẓri swayes ara ɣ-ɣeḍlen, a ɣ-ttḥeccimen. Teččuṛ d taɛṛabt d tineslemt akk d yezwawen n sserbis. Yif ulac-itt. Izwawen i tt-yessikiden fkan iqerray-nsen i ujenwi n taɛṛabt d udebbex s ddin.
c. Tamaziɣt tettwassɣar deg uɣerbaz, maca win ibɣan kan ara tt-yeɣren. Yuɣal yeɣli wazal-is ger inelmaden. Yerna ssufɣen-as-d idlisen ur ncudd ara ɣer yedles azwaw neɣ amaziɣ. Ma d tira-nni yettwafernen acḥal aya, bɣan a tent-rren s taɛṛabt. Iselmaden xuṣṣen, wid ittkelfen deg tɣuri ttwazenzen akk, tuɣal-asen tmaziɣt d abrid s akersi d uṣurdi.
d. Wid iḍemɛen deg udabu a sen-d-yexdem kra, bɣan tamaziɣt ad tuɣal d tunṣibt u sfehmen-d belli ma tuɣal d tunṣibt, ikfa leɛtab ɣef imeɣnasen [3]. Wissen dacu ara xedmen imeɣnasen-agi ma ifuk leɛtab ? Wissen ahat imiren ad kfun imeɣnasen ! D lmuḥal ak wayagi, ayen ur d-iḥell ara umdan s tidi-s, ayen ur yebni ara s tezmert-is, amek ara yerṣu llsas-is neɣ amek ara yiziḍ deg imi ?
At zik, lejdud nneɣ, xemmlen i yiɣallen-nsen, rran tiẓgi d tibḥirt swayes ddren. Bnan ixxamen s uẓru, akal, d wesɣar i d-kksen seg tmurt, mači d adabu i sen-d-yefkan 70 imelyunen. Ḥemmleɣ icifaḍ ttlusun yemɣaren n zik acku d irkasen i xeddmen izwawen s ifassen-nsen ! (s weglim n yezgaren-nsen d tidi-nsen). Ḥemmelɣ abernus i yi-teẓḍa yemma acku ɣef ufus azwaw i d-yeffeɣ.
Lejdud-nneɣ ma ur zmiren ara i kra, ssawḍen-t-id s lkumiṛs. Bnan timguryin (les industries) : ssufuɣen-d leḥwal swayes xeddmen tamurt d leslaḥ swayes ttnaɣen. S leslaḥ i d-fabrikin nutni i sawyes nnuɣen akk d Fṛansa. Lejdud-nneɣ ddren di tlelli armi ten-terẓa Fṛansa di 1856 aked 1871.
Izwawen n tura sawalen i udabu ad asen-d-ixdem yal taɣawsa.
Ttexmim icban wagi ittawi ɣer uzaglu akk d nnger. Ittawi ɣer tmuḥqranit akk d lmut. Ma neǧǧa kullec deg ifassen udabu, yeffeɣ-aɣ ṛṛay, dayen terwi fellaneɣ.
3) Taluft n Tmaziɣt tunṣibt di tmurt ur nessin dacu i d azref.
Zwaren rrran-tt d tameslayt taɣelnawt. D awal yersen di lkaɣeḍ. Tamendawt yugar deg wazal lkaɣeḍ ɣef tettwura, acku tagi d tamendawt n wid ur nettamen ara s izerfan n wemdan. Tamendawt n Lezzayer d adlis n tmucuha ak d tkerkas. Adlis-agi n tmucuha ur d-tewwi ara a t-necrek ak d lɣaci ukud ur neɛdil ara d lɣaci ur aɣ-nebɣi ara. Anida akka llan izzayriyen d-ikkren di 80 neɣ di 2001 asmi nɣelli am yizan ? Asmi ɣ-ttarran ɣer lehbas, asmi ɣ-kkaten ! Acu i ɣ-icerken d wid ifernen Palestine zdat uẓar ? Amek ihi ara necrek tamendawt akk d wigi ?
Rran Tamaziɣt d taɣelnawt, maca ur s-ggin acemma. Ass-a rran-tt d tunṣibt, illa wacu ara s-ggen ? Tuɣal d tunṣibt deg wawal. Rran-tt deffir taɛṛabt, tuɣal d tarbibt di kullec. Dacu yezmer ad ittkel wemdan ɣef udabu am wagi ? S yisem n uqbayli n sserbis Ḥmed Uyeḥya i daɣ-d-nnan belli tamaziɣt mazal ur tewwiḍ ara d tutlayt ara yilin d tunṣibt. Ihi tlaq-as "l’académie" ara tt-id-iṣeggmen. "L’académie" a tt-sselḥun kra n Imaziɣen n sserbis ara tt-yerren ad tettwaru s taɛṛabt…
Ihi adabu ixdem ayen ixdem akken ad ikellex mači i yiwen, mači i sin : Wid ikkaten ɣef taɛṛabt-tineslemt attan feṛḥen acku tamaziɣt tuɣal deffir n taɛṛabt. Imaziɣen ittargun tixsayin feṛḥen acku ters deg udlis-nni n tmucuha. Ula d imeɣnasen yeɛyan ad steɛfun ! Ibeṛṛaniyen-nni isneɛmalen belli bɣan izerfan d tugdut di tmurt n Lezzayer, atan la sen-qqaren belli Lezzayer tuẓa ɣer tugdut d izerfan. Nutni ad sneɛmlen, ad medlen allen-nsen ɣef twaɣiwin d-ɣeḍlen ɣef weɣref, bac akken ad glun s imelyunen. Wigi yeṭṭfen leḥkem, d winna kan i ten-iceɣben, ad kemmlen ad ḥekmen !
Si zik asenfaṛ n udabu azzayri d aseɛreb n Imaziɣen. Ur ibeddel ara s tmendawt agi tis-4 neɣ tis-5. M’ara ymuqel wemdan, ad yaf belli s kra n wemḍiq i s-fkan i tmaziɣt yuɣal d tifxet (lfinga) deg ara tettwaṭṭef/tettwajreḥ. Meḥsub segmi tettaẓ ɣer zdat deg yeḍrisen izzayriyen, segmi tettuɣal ɣer deffir deg uzerf n tidet. Mači d asenṣeb n tmaziɣt i bɣan, d asenṣeb n tmuḥqranit-is. Akka, ttawin-d akud yissneɣ, nukni ur nesɛi akud s waṭas. Ɛeddi-d kan di Tizi neɣ Bgayet, ldi tamezzuɣt bac ad tfaqeḍ belli ur nesɛi aṭas n wakud.
D acu i d ixef-is ihi ?
Tazwawt n yezwawen mači n waɛṛaben neɣ n iṛumyen… Mači n icinwaten diɣen ! Ihi issefk d Izwawen ara tt-yeselḥayen. Issefk a d-nessker iɣerbazen i yiman-nneɣ, ara nettxelliṣ s yiman-nneɣ akken ad tɣer tarwa-nneɣ tameslayt-nneɣ, idles-nneɣ, amezruy-nneɣ, d wazalen-nneɣ. Ulamek ara nettkel ayen swayes i nedder d nukni, d Izwawen, ɣef wiyaḍ. Aṭas aṭas tagi n uselmed/usegmi n weɣref-nneɣ. Iɣerfan akk wiyaḍ bnan timura-nsen, iɣerbazen, d yedles-nsen. Acimi ur nettili ara d aɣref am wiyaḍ, a nizmir i yiman-nneɣ ?
Qqaren at zik « baṭel ibṭel neɣ : bedd ad twaliḍ, ṛuḥ a d-awiḍ, qim ulac ». Adabu, d ttexmim n Fṛansa (d nettat i d-yeǧǧan adabu-agi d nettat i s-iteggen ifadden) xedmen degneɣ axessaṛ. Ssuɣen-aɣ tanumi, ur nezmir a nexdem kra. Ayagi iskanay-ed aɣref yuɣen tanumi d uzaglu, neɣ ma tebɣam aɣref isṛuḥen tilleli ines. Nettkel kullec ɣef udabu, dɣa neǧǧa-yas ṛṛay. Maca, win isemḥen di ṛṛay-is, isemmeḥ deg wayla-s. Wagi mači d adabu i nefren ad iḥkem fellaneɣ. Yekka-d si nnig-nneɣ am umnekcam, ma d nukni teḍra yidneɣ am ugḍiḍ di lqebz. Nettraju ad aɣ-d-ifk kra n webziz a t-nečč, aḥerrek ulac. Yernu, adabu illa d adabu ɣef wid i t-iqeblen, wid i s-yefkan laman. Assagi ilaq ad as-nekkes laman i udabu-agi, a t-nɣanzu. Lexyuḍ i ɣ-icudden ɣures d widak n ssif d tugdi. Iwweḍ-ed lawan a ten-nesseɣres. D lawan ad tekfu tugdi. Ad yuɣal ṛṛay ɣerneɣ, ɣer tlawin d yergazen ara nefren am wakken nferren si zik irgazen di tjemmuyaɛ-nneɣ. Ihi akken a neṭṭef ṛṛay, ilaq d nukni ara ysewwqen ɣef yiman-nneɣ di yal tama. Maca, ṛṛay ur ittili bla axemmel n iɣallen. Lḥeṛma tettas-ed i win icerrwen tidi, isteqnaɛen s wayen i d-yewwi s iɣallen-is. Izwawen ilaq ad sɣersen lexyuḍ i ten-icudden ɣer lfinga, ad xemmlen i yɣallen-nsen, ad bnun timetti-nsen, timetti deg ara ḥerben ɣef tmeslayt-nsen, laɛwayed-nsen, azalen-nsen d yiman-nsen.
Ass-nni tazwawt ad tili d tunṣibt di tmurt n yezwawen. Ma di Lezzayer a neǧǧ izzayriyen ad as-d-afen ixef-is !
Mastan At uAmran
Meɣres 2016
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