Mulud Ferɛun
Mulud Ferɛun
Mmis n ugellil
Idlisen ig ura
- Mmis n umeɣbun, Menrad ccix aqbayli, Le Puy, Cahiers du nouvel humanisme, 1950, 206 p.
- Akal d idamen, Paris, Seuil, 1953, 256 p.
- Ussan n Tmurt n Iqbayliyen, Alger, Baconnier, 1954, 141 p.
- Iberdan i t-alin, Paris, Seuil, 1957, 222p.
- Isefra n Si Muḥ (Si Muḥ u Mḥand), Paris, Les éditions de Minuit, 1960, 111p.
- Aɣmis 1955-1962, Paris, Seuil, 1962, 349 p.
- Tibratin i imeddukal-is, Paris, Seuil, 1969, 205p.
- Amulli, Paris, Seuil, 1972, 143p.
- Aɣaram n tiɣefrin, Alger, Yamcom, 2007, 172p.
Mulud Ferɛun, Lmulud At Caɛban, d amyaru azwaw. Illul ass 8 meɣres 1913 di Tizi Hibel di temnaṭ n Tizi Wezzu. Yemmut ass n 15 meɣres 1962 di Lebyar tama n Ledzayer tamanaɣt. I t-inɣan d amussu n O.A.S.
Tadiwennit[beddel]
Tadiwennit d Mulud Fereun
Teffeɣ deg l'Effort Algerien n 27 furar 1953 yesteqsa-t Maurice Monnoyer.
Yerra-tt ar teqbaylit Amor Rekis
S lferḥ ameqran ad awen nehdu tadiwennit d Mulud Fereun ara isufɣen ungal-ines wis sin, Akal d Idammen ɣer tizrigin Le Seuil. Adlis-a, i d-yettwacekkren aṭas, war ccek ad iseu azal ameqran imi yettmeslay ɣef lɣerba n Izwawen ar Fransa. ’’ Mulud Feraun ata da zdat-i , yusad srid si tmurt n Izwawen. D acu tenniḍ ad temlileḍ yid-s tura ..? i d-yesteqsa Emmanuel Roblès di tilifun . Ulayɣar nniɣ-awen srid i qebleɣ. Azgen n tsaett mbaed, win ara yeqqimen ɣur-i mmis igellil, yekcem ɣer lbiru-inu. yiwen ufus yerfed lemḍela wayeḍ aqrab n uglim.
Yessers ayen ibub. Yeẓẓel afus-is yexmes yid-i s leḥmala. Mulud Fereun yettban amzun d imsetḥi maca mi d yuki kan s teflest neɣ laman ad yelli iman-is, yettmeslay, yettqesiṛ awen d iban ulac argaz leali am netta. Netta yettmeslay-d nek taewadɣ-as tamuɣli s tuffra. Deffir tismaqalin tettreqriq deg taṭucin-is tafat n tudert. Yessers sin ifasen iberkanen sufella lbiru . Icetiḍen i yelsa ḥman , aqerruy-is yeǧǧa-t earyan , tamgarṭ-is tettban i-yid am akken tekcem deg tuyat-is seg ubalṭu aqehwani i yelsa.Udem yennecraḥ ɣas anyir tkerz-it ddunit. Acebbub d ulwiɣ, aberkan am claɣem-is i cebḥen imi-s m’ ara yecmumeḥ.
Siwlaɣ-d ɣef ungal-inek amezwaru.
-Uriɣ Mmis igellil deg ussan iberkanen n umgaru, s teftilt n ukanki.Rriɣ deg-s ayen akk yellan deg ul-iw.
Ungal a d ameddurman* , neɣ akka ?
-Ih…aṭas i fkiɣ i wakken ad yeffeɣ udlis a acku iḥuzayi laẓ di kra n ussan . ɣas akkeni imru ur yeḥbis armi ukiɣ i wayen i zemreɣ ad ggaɣ. Cciea i d-yewwi tesbeɣs-iyi akken ad aruɣ idlisen niḍen.
Yernad d akken ilul deg Tizi-Hibel taɣiwant n Larbea n at Iraten deg tama n Igawawen. Deg twacult tagellilt.
I baba-k d acu yella ixeddem ?
-D afellaḥ I yella ɣef iman-is di tallit-nni i lullaɣ maca deffir 1910 terra-t tmara ad yeǧǧ akal n lejdud yeḍfer abrid n unadi n uxeddim anda niḍen. Imir-nni Iqbayliyen ur ttinigen ara ar Fransa maca ar tama n Qsentina. Ruḥ a zzman armi yufa iman-is deg imɣizen n Ugafa , di Lens syen yedda ar tama n Paris . Yella ixeddem ar Fonderies d'Aubervilliers mi t yewwet umxix deg uxeddim.
Nezmer ad ninni d akken baba-k yeṛwa laetab akken ak n irebbi. Deg acḥal yid-wen i tellam ?
-Semmus (5), sin deg-sen d arrac. amaẓuẓ d aɣen d aselmad .
Deg Mmis n igellil, turiḍ s ubrid n ungal temẓi-inek d leqraya-k. Tewḍed ar iswi-k s iɣalen-ik. Aṭas i teajb-iyi tabɣest-ik….
-Ur zmireɣ ad ttuɣ yiwen seg iselmaden-iw id yefkan afus n tallalt akken ad i fken lbursa akken ad kemleɣ leqraya deg Tizi-wezzu akk d ENA (aɣerbaz amagnu n Lezzayer).
Melmi id tuɣaleḍ d aselmad ?
-Deg useggas n 1935 . Seg ass-nni aṭas n tɣawsiwin i seɣraɣ ladɣa di Tewrirt Mussa , sin ikilumitren ɣef taddart- iw, seg 1946 ar 1952.
Assa aqlik-id d anemhal n uɣerbaz n warrac n Larbea nat Iraten …. -D tidett Akka ih, seg wayyur n tuber.
Aɣerbaz n 300 inelmaden s timeɣri tanemmadut*, tferḥeḍ ?
-Deqs-aɣ. ɣur-nneɣ aman di tbernint d trisiti. Amejjay d ufarmasyan zdat-nneɣ kan.Igerdan qqaren akken ilha acku bɣan ad lemden aṭas n tɣawsiwin.
Tzewǧeḍ ?
-Zewǧaɣ, ɣur-i 6 igerdan , ameqran deg-sen d bab n 13 iseggasen.
Newweḍ ɣer w Akal d idammen. Mulud Fereun yessereḥ deg meslay….nettḥulfu d akken adlis yecreḍ aṭas n wayyuren n tensuft. Adlis mazal yedder deg-s, ɣas akken atan yakan deg Paris.
Amek ik d t ussa tikti n ungal-a amaynut ?
-Tamezwarut d cciea n ungal id uriɣ deffir wa i-d-iyi sbeɣsen ad aruɣ wiyaḍ. Tis snat, tikti tusa-yid akken ad suqlaɣ iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit, ad iliɣ d anagi.Nek d aqbayli aquran d mmis uqbayli,seg mi d lulaɣ i zedɣeɣ di Tmurt-a .Iqbayliyen d imdanen am nutni am wiyaḍ.Nek aqli-yi da i wakken awen t id inniɣ. Seg mi bdiɣ tira n udlis a, yeṭafar-iyi ameddakel-iw Roblès , ɣur-s ass-a 20 iseggasen segmi tesnaɣ.Netta i yesbeɣsen di yal tikkelt yettased ar ɣur-i ar Tewrirt ad yessefqed ma kfiɣ-t neɣ ala, takerrust-is tameɣbunt aṭas i tenaetab deg iberdan yettalin s adrar .Ad teẓrem d akken tadukli ar ɣures macci d awal kan.
Ungal n Aemeṛ d Marie .
ɣef acu yettmeslay ungal akal d idammen ?
Mulud Fereun ur d yerra awal din din. Yebda yetturar mebla ma ifaq s inziz (llastik )yufa sufella lbiru , mi t yeḍleq yeddem akeryun . Yeḍeqr iman-is ar deffir ikemmel :
-Niɣ-as lɣerba n Iqbayliyen tezmer ad efk yiwen neɣ kra n idlisen .Bḍiɣ lɣerba ɣef snat : seg 1910 ar 1930 akk d 1930 ar assa.Akal d Idammen yettmeslay ɣef tallit tamezwarut, ad rnuɣ ungal niḍen ɣef tallit tis snat.
Ayɣer snat n talliyin ?
-ɣef akken ttwaliɣ yella umgarad (lxilaf) ameqran ger snat talliyin-a . leeqliya n Iqbayliyen n w ass-a yettinigen ar Fransa ur telli maḍi am tin n iqbayliyen isen irẓan asalu.Yif akken wejden Iqbayliyen n 1953 imi taɣen tanumi i tmeddurt n temdint maca yif akken ṭfen imezwura di tjadit d tmurt.Llan ttḥirin melmi ara uɣalen ar taddart s isurdiyen ara ten isuffeɣen seg yir liḥala ig llan ddren.Ass-a nettidir ayen niḍen.
Siwlaɣ-d kra fell-as
-Wwiɣ-d deg Akal d idammen taqsiṭ n Aemer, ilemẓi n 14 iseggasen, i d-uznen ɣer Paris netta d iǧiran-is deffir umgaru n umadal amezwaru.Aemer yella ixeddem d amenwal ɣer warraw n taddart-is .Di Fransa yebda ixeddem am netta am atmaten-is deg umɣizi (lmina).Deg yiwet n tmeddit yenɣa war aeemmed yimen uqbayli.Ameɣbun meskin ur yezmir ad yuɣal ar tmurt imi yugad at nɣen tawacult n umerḥum.Yeqqim di Fransa.Zrin 15 iseggasen , yettu leḥder, yejma tamurt d tudert n imesdurar . Yewwi yides tameṭṭut-is Marie , taparizyant ig ṛwan lemṛaṛ n ddunit.Sin iseggasen segmi d yuɣal ,yessawel-as-d lmektub-is, nɣan-t.
Ameslay nneɣ ikemmel, Mulud Fereun yettara ɣef akk isteqsiyen-iw.
Yella kra tetthegiḍ ?
-Ih, acku ayen yaenan iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit meqqer maca yewear at terreḍ akken iwata.
Ad yilli ukemmel i Mmis igellil ?
-Aya macci d awezɣi…maca deffir waya, ad suffɣeɣ war ccek adlis i d-yessumen Brouty ɣef tmeddurt n yal ass n Izwawen. Tajmaet, tala, ssuq, tuɣalin n iɣriben si Fransa…atg.Ad kemleɣ adlis-a s tmucuha.
Melmi tettaruḍ ? -Deg ass lehhuɣ d twurri , ttaruɣ deg iḍ d ussan n ustaefu.ttaruɣ qrib yal ass 3 neɣ 4 tewriqin, ma ǧǧan-t-iyi tikta a tteǧǧaɣ i wass niḍen.
Mi tettaruḍ tetabaeḍ aɣawas (leblan)? -Zeggireɣ s tira n tikta s umata.Mi ttaruɣ i ttqeeideɣ taqsiṭ.S umata ẓriɣ anda tedduɣ maca mi ttaruɣ ttasen-t tikta d tegnatin ur nwiɣ.
Amek i tettwaliḍ udmawen n ungal-ik ?
-Ttareɣ s tidet iman-iw deg umḍiq-nsen. Tsuturaɣ-ten.Di tagara d nutni ara i d innin d acu ara aruɣ.
Nettkemil ameslay,mass Fereun yenna yid d akken ad yewwet tarzeft ar Paris deg ussan n ustaefu n tfaska ( Paques) ilmend n tuffɣa n udlis Akal d Iddamen.Le Seuil, war ccek as d ggen tameɣra (ad nfaṛes tagnit ad nesmekti d akken tizrigin-a uɣen izerfan n udlis Mmis igellil).
Anwi idlisen i tḥemleḍ ?
-Aṭas i ɣriɣ.Zik ur tceriṭeɣ ara nnig wacu tceriṭeɣ ass-a.Testtbenaɣ idlisen ilsanen, wid yaereḍ ad yer amyaru alsan s lekmal-is acku alsan ur yelli yelha s lekmal neɣ diri s lekmal.Amyaru af akken ttwaliɣ ur yesei azref ad yemeslay ɣef imdanen s ustehzi.Yak tecrekḍ-iyi ṛṛay ?
Mulud Fereun d amusnaw s tidett u d amyaru mu zeddig wul. Ẓṛiɣ itri-s at yessiweḍ ɣer lebɛed, Akken yebɣu yili, tiɣṛi-s seg tid mu ilaq a nsel !
- ameddurman : yettmeslay ɣef iman-is,ɣef tudert-is.
- timeɣri tanemmadut: cours préparatoire.
tawwuri: leqdic, axeddim.
yettwakkes seg www.imyura.net.
Ayen yura Mulud Ferɛun[beddel]
- Le fils du pauvre ("Mmi-s n igellil"), ungal, le Puy, amaẓrag Les Cahiers du Nouvel Humanisme, 1950; taẓrigt tis 2 Paris, Seuil, 1954 [Arraz aseklan "Tamdint n Ledzayer" 1950]
- Mmis n igellil (tasuqilt si tefransist sɣur Musa At Ṭaleb), Tizi Wezzu, Odyssée, 2005 (ISBN 9961-9554-7-1)
- La terre et le sang ("Akal d yidammen"), ungal, Paris, Seuil, 1953 [Arraz "Populiste" 1953]
- Jours de Kabylie ("Ussan di tmurt"), ineɛruḍen, Lezzayer, Baconnier, 1954; taẓrigt tis 2 Paris, Seuil, 1962
- Les chemins qui montent ("Iberdan d assawen"), ungal, Paris, Seuil, 1957
- Les poèmes de Si Mohand ("Isefra n Si Mohand"), isefra, Paris, Minuit, 1960
- Journal, 1955-1962 ("Aɣmis, 1955-1962"), Paris , Seuil, 1962
- Lettres à ses amis ("Tabratt i yemdukal-is"), tibratin, Paris, Seuil, 1969
- L'Anniversaire ("Amulli"), tira wer neɣni, Paris, Seuil, 1972
- La Cité des Roses ("iɣrem n lwerd"), Ungal, Lezzayer, amaẓrag Yamcom, 2007 (ISBN 978-9961-9677-06)
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