Muḥend ameẓyan Ben Ɛli, d isem aḥeqqaqni n Ccix Aḥeddad. Ilul deg useggas 1790, deg taddart Sedduq u Fella, n lɛerc At Ɛidel. Yuɣ isem Aḥeddad s lḥirfa n baba-s. Ula d netta yexdem d aḥeddad meɛna akken i d-qqaren yimeqqranen : “Ayen akk yexdem d aḥeddad, yesneɛ-d sin n lmesbaḥat, yiwen yefka-t i zzawiya n Imula ; wayeḍ yeǧǧa-t i netta.” Leqraya yebda-tt ɣer Ccix Rabiɛ Belmuhub, di zzawiya n Imula yellan di Msisna, syin akkin ikemmel ɣer Ccix Aɛrab Nat Iraten deg At Smail. Ccix Aḥeddad seg wid iqeymen leqraya. Aya ibeyyen-it-id later n wayen yura neɣ i d-yeǧǧa (tibratin iceyyeɛ i lexwan ɣef twizi, Iǧaza n yefka i Ccix Muḥend Ben Abi Lqasem n At Jlil, tazwart yura i yiwen lmilef, …) Deg tudert-is, yeǧǧa-d setta n teḥdayin (Zineb, Tayaqutt, Lǧida, Ṭawes, Taɛelǧett, Lɣaya), d sin n warrac (Ccix Mḥend, Ccix Ɛziyez). Ccix Mḥend yella d lqayed deg Wat Ɛidel d temnaṭ Riɣa umbeɛd yuɣal d lqebṭan n Bu Beɣla aseggas 1851. Ma d Ccix Ɛziyez, yezga d lqayed deg Ɛamuca qbel ad yeffeɣ d amnafeq ɣer yidis n Lmeqrani.
Tawacult n Ccix Aḥeddad ur d-tekki seg uẓar amrabeḍ akken daɣen ur telli d tamerkantit. Lhiba yesɛa ɣer yemdanen tekka-d imi d aḥeqqani ; ur iqebbel lbaṭel. Win i t-id-iqesden deg zzeyyar neɣ deg wid i t-id-yeɛnan icetka-yas-d, yewwi lḥeq-is. Yiwet n tikelt yiwen deg tarwa-s yeḥkem ɣef yiwet n tmeṭṭut n taddart Tibuɛmucin, s lbaṭel. Tameṭṭut truja armi d-yuɣal Ccix, teḥka-yas i yeḍran. Din din iɛawed i tedyant. Yefra-tt s leḥkem, ad d-yuɣal lḥeq i tmeṭṭut.
Seg useggas 1857 armi d useggas 1871, iseyyer lecɣal n ṭṭariqa Tareḥmanit. Inmezrayen, uran belli, ṭṭariqa tucaɛ deg tmurt n Leqbayel, segmi tt-yeṭṭef Ccix Aḥeddad. Aṭas n lecɣal iwmi ibeddlen. D netta i d amezwaru i d-ibedden ɣef ṭṭariqa fiḥel ma yekka-d seg twacult yemrabḍen. Γas imrabḍen yettkelfen s useyyer n ṭṭariqa ur qbilen ara, meɛna lxuf deg uɣref yerra-yasen aḍar ɣer deffir. D amdan yettqadaren, yeqbel liɛana n medden d tirni, d amerkanti neɣ d igellil, d argaz neɣ d amɣar, yerna-d ula d tullas.
Asmi i d-yettqeddim umnekcam arumi, lecyax yettseyyiren leɛruc d zzawiyat d temɛemrin…, mtafaqen ad mlilen akken ad d-frun tadyant i ten-yeɛnan d urumi. Imar i d-yeffeɣ wawal n nnfaq n urumi, lkaɣeḍ i d-uran, yettwastenya deg uxxam n Ccix Aḥeddad.
Ass n 8 deg yibrir 1871, deg ssuq Msisna, isawel Ccix Aḥeddad ɣer nnfaq n urumi. Iḍegger taɛekkazt-is, yenna : “Ncallah, akken i ḍeggreɣ taɛekkazt-iw ɣer lqaɛa, ara nḍegger aɛdaw akkin i lebḥer.” S usiwel-a, inmazrayen nnan, ɣas ma Ccix aḥeddad, iṭuɛ Rebbi nezzeh, maɛna ur yelli d argaz yettkelfen s lecɣal n ddin. Asmi yendeh ɣer nnfaq, tikti tamezwarut yellan deg yinaw (discours) d tasertit ; ur d-isawel ara i lɣaci s yisem n ddin. Awal i d-yefta d win yettmeslayen ɣef tikci n uqbayli (akal) “Fransa tusa-d ad tekkes akal i yimawlan n tmurt... Fransa d tin yebɣan ad tebḍu Izzayriyen.” Azal n 250 tudrin n Leqbayel i d-yerran s wawal qeblen. Fkant-d azal n 120 000 n leǧwad.
Ass 18 yulyu 1871, yettwaḥbes Ccix Aḥeddad s lqebṭan Saussier, mmi-s Ccix Mḥend, yettwaṭṭef ass 20 yulyu 1871 d ubrid-is ɣer Bgayet, ma d Ccix Ɛziyez, yettwaṭṭef ass 30 yunyu deg At Hicam. Kkan kra wussan deg lḥebs Berǧ Musa (Fort Barral) di Bgayet, qbel ad ten-awin ɣer uxxam n ccreɛ n Qsenṭina, anda ḥekkmen fell-asen.
Ass 19 deg yibrir 1873, arumi yegzem tadyant : Ccix Ɛziyez, yeḥkem fell-as s lḥebs s teɣzi n tudert deg tegzirin n taydiwin (Noumea) di la Nouvelle Calédonie ; Ccix Aḥeddad d mmi-s Mḥend, yeḥkem fell-asen s 5 yiseggasen d lḥebs. Mi d-yuder jjuj leḥkem, Ccix Aḥeddad yerra-yas-d : “Kunwi tḥekkmem fell-i s 5 yiseggasen, ma d Rebbi yeḥkem s 5 wussan.” Mi zrin 8 wussan, Ccix Aḥeddad yensa din zdaxel lḥebs, yettwamḍel di Qsenṭina.
Ait Ighil Mohand
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