10ème
année
Numéro 41 Septembre
2009
Tayeḍnin
Sɣur Belɛid
At-Ɛli, isebtaren 260-262
TIYIḌNIN
Qqaren-as : Leqbayel, ḥercen,
neţa ulac iɛeggunen am nutni ! Ur ɛdilen ara medden irkel,
d tideţ, lameɛna, gar cwiṭ d waṭas, nekk a d-iniɣ
mačči d akken ţzuxxun s leqraya-nnsen, s takayt-nnsen. Dacu kan,
ɣur-sen yiwet zaden deg-s ; terna, ula d tinna, ɣur-i nekk, d
iri-ţ : ɣur-sen : efk-asen ţjara, efk-asen ad aɣen
ad zenzen, efk-asen akk ayen nniḍen. Aqbayli ma yesɛa rebɛa-surdi,
a ţ-twaliḍ la yeţazzal ɣer lbiɛ wcra,
« lkumirs » ! D ayen sway uɣalen ɛecqen deg yedrimen, ɛecqen
deg ‘surdi, xir wakken ara yeɛceq bnadem deg tmeṭṭut. Lameɛna,
nebda-d ɣef tiḥerci…
Ulac win ikelxen
Leqbayel am waɛraben, ahat imi ɣer tmurt waɛraben i
ţ-inigen zik, znuzun-asen taɛeṭṭart. Ulamma ţawin-d
sɣur-sen cwiṭ n lfayda, lameɛna, ɣef wakken d-ḥekkun,
-dɣa wid yunagen ɣer din-, lfayda-nni… ɣlayet…
Yiwen n wedrar-ayi-nneɣ,
tuɣ-it kra n teswiɛt, yeznuzu taɛeṭṭart di leɛmala
n Qsentina. Neţa, ladɣa, « taḥanuţ » n bbu-tɛeṭṭart
Aqbayli, a Rebbi ma teččur tadakemt ufus : a tafeḍ ɣur-s
tawemmust n tɛeqqucin, sin neɣ tlata yimesakken, sin neɣ tlata n
lemrawat d kra yimeqyasen, ma d win yesmeɣren lecɣal. Lḥasun,
kra s ceḥḥa, kra s lxuf amer anda ten-ţɛerrin, refden kan
cwiṭ, akken ara lḥun anda i sen-yehwa.
Azwawi-yagi ɣef la
d-nḥekku yekker yiwen wass, yerfed taḥanuţ-is ɣef yiri-s,
ad iruḥdi temdint ɣer tayeḍ. Yeṭṭef abrid, yeffeɣ
i temdint, yekcem lxali.
Iṭij n tmurt-agi,
ladɣa, mačči am wagla-nneɣ : d times i d-yeţak i
Waɛraben, almi ţuɣalen d iberkanen ! A twaliḍ ala
ijdi d yedɣaɣen la d-ţefrurin.
Lameɛna,
« mmi-s n tmurt » yewqem lemḍella ɣef uqerruy-is, la ileḥḥu.
Γef yiwen umkan,
yeqḍeɛ yiwen Waɛrab iɛebba-d ɣef uɛrur-is… ayen
ara iɛebbi weɣyul : ala talaba : yiwen ubernus ɣef
tayeţ, axellal d weɛdil anect-ilat sufella n tayeţ nniḍen :
lḥasun, la ileḥḥu, inedder, yekna, la yesmiriy tidi.
Akken i t-id-yeqḍeɛ
Uqbayli-nni, yefreḥ Dadda-k Aɛrab : yenna-yas :
Yefka-yi-d Rebbi win ara yi-iɛiwnen.
Lferḥ-is yennerna
mi yas-yenna bbu tɛeṭṭart ɣer temdint mBu… i
iteddeu : yeḍḥa-d ula d neţa ɣer din i iteddu.
Ruḥen, ddukklen,
la leḥḥun.
Tura ; yerja
« bbu-yzerman » ad as-yini « bbu-tɛeqqucin » :
Awi-d a k-ɛiwneɣ ! Ulac. Akken iwala iman-is dayen, yemmut,
yenna-yas-d :
Ah ay Azwawi, aql-i
mmuteɣ ! ℇiwen-iyi cwiṭ : rfed-iyi yiwet deg leḥwayej-a
armi d B…
Yugi weɛdaw Rebbi.
Yufa-yas-d tisebbiwin : ur zmireɣ ara… helkeɣ… ‘atg’. Akken t-yeɛreḍ,
ulac.
Kemlen akken la leḥḥun :
win l yeţinhit, yeffeɣ-d wul-is ; wayeḍ, lemḍella, ɣef
wallen, la icellex iḍarren-is.
Taswiɛt, yenṭeq-d
Waɛrab, yenna-yas :
Rḍel-iyi-d, ɛecra
duru !...
Aqbayli yebded, yebded,
yewhem : mačči (--) yaẓ-d isutren areṭṭal, deg
tlemmast n seḥra : yewhem imi yaẓ-d isuter areṭṭal
ur t-yessin.
Kifac ? Ad ak-d-reḍleɣ
ɛecra duru ? Nta mehbul ? Anaya, ass kamel, nejri bac a d-sewreɣ
rebɛa ’surdi, keččini tgull-i rḍel-iyi-d ɛecra
duru !...
Aɛrab, mi iruja
akken cwiṭ, yerna iluɛa-t-id :
Agad Rebbi, ay
azwawi ! ℇecra duru-yagi uḥwaǧeɣ-tent aṭas. Ẓriɣ
d laman ur yi-tumineḍ ara : ɣur-k lḥiq imi ur yi-tessineḍ
ara. Daɣ-neţa, rḍel-iyi-tent, nekk ad ak-d-fkeɣ yiwet lḥaja
d rrihna : ma day-gella rriɣ-ak-d idrimen-ik, kečč, a
yi-d-terreḍ agla-w ; neɣ, mulac, lḥaja-nni d agla-k, zdat
Rebbi zdat lɛebd !
Dɣa, argaz yeldi
imeẓẓuɣen-is anect wid weɣyul. Allen-is wwtent ɣer
yeɛdil-nni yeţmecruruqen ɣer yiṭij : di ddunit-is s
lekmal ur yeẓri ara taqbaylit tezḍa-t am winna. Yenna-yas :
Dacu teɛṭil-i
d lḥaja aţ-rehneɣ ?
Aɛrab, din din,
yekkes-d aɛdil-nni dɣa : d win akk i yeẓẓayen.
Yefka-yas-t-id, yenna-yas :
Hata, d wayi i sɛiɣ
ɣlay. Fkan-iyi deg-s mya duru.lameɛna, wicɛlih, axir a t-tawiḍ
kečč !
Dadda-tneɣ bbu-yniɣman,
yekkes-d ɛecra duru si tkemmust, yefka-yas-tent. Yeṭṭef aɛdil,
yerr-it-id ɣef tayeţ-is ; la d-ileḥḥu
yeţargu : Mya duru ! Anaɣ a Rebbi ! Mya duru ! Ad
d-aɣeɣ tamazirt… ad ɛiwdeɣ lebni ; ad d-rnuɣ
takna i temcumt-nni… ad…
La d-ileḥḥu
yeţargu. A yuɣ lḥal, la d-leḥḥun, leḥḥun ;
ar d-lḥan, neţa yeččur d tidi : aɛdil yerẓa-yas
tayeţ… almi wwḍen ɣer tewwurt n temdint-nni B… am win ara
t-id-yewten s ubeqqa, mi yaẓ-d yenna Waɛrab :
Ax, a mmi-s n tmurt
idrimen-ik, awi-d aɛdil-iw.Ikeţer xir-k, bqaɛlaxir.
Yewwi aɛdil-is,
iruḥ.
Aqbayli-nni, wi’
yessnen, ar ass-agi ma yefhem-iţ neɣ ala ?
Numéro 41 Septembre 2009
JEAN LMUHUB ƐEMRUC,
winna
neţţu
sɣur Mohand Ait-Ighil
Ur iḥulfa ’ra i
yiman-is yettusayal deg yidles afransis,
ɣas ma yella yura
aṭas s tefransist, akken i t-d-jebbden
ɣur-sen, akken i
t-id-ttsummun ɣur-sen,
iẓuran-is n
yidles amaziɣ.
Jean Lmuhub Ɛamruc,
ilul ass n 7 furar, aseggas 1906, deg Iɣil Ɛli, tawilayt n Bgayet,
yensa s lehlak n cancer ass n 16 ibrir, ussan n tefsut, aseggas 1962 di Paris.
Yettwam’del berra i tmurt-is âzizen, di tjebbant Sargé/Braye di Loire
et Cher.
Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc, d mmi-s n yidles ; netta daɣen yeqbel idles ad
yezdeɣ deg-s. Ungal amezwaru i d-isaẓreg deg useggas 1934 di Tunes,
d amudd yisefra. Yefka-yas isem « Iɣiɣden » (Cendres). Imudd-aɣ-d
zdaxel-is tamedyazt i d-yura s tefransist, ma d axemmem ixemmem-itt s
teqbaylit. Yeffi-d aṭas n wawal yezḍan s wunuɣen imadwanen (images
abstraites). Tid i d-yemmalen lxiq d lɣecc fiḥel ma isedda-d
ttar neɣ tiḥsift. Gar tmedyazin i d-yuzen tella tayi :
« kulci yettnus,
kulci yettfut,
akken tudert a taɣ amur.
Ayen tebɣum twalam, d udem n lmut,
akken daɣen nettat d arelluc gar yifassen n tudert. »
«
Tout meurt
Tout se dissout
Pour
que naisse la Vie
Toute
image de nous est image de mort
Mais
aussi toute mort est un gage de Vie »
Yura-d daɣen :
A tiliwin yettferfiren deg tafukt yucaɛen,
A lexyal bezṭuḥen deg yiḍ
yessaɣen.
S tmuɣli icenqen deg wallen yergazen,
Yettnadin tifrat i tuttriwin wul,
D rraḥa isulsen n terwiḥt
Anda tizdit yiṭij tettnus.
Nekk, kmumseɣ deg ’man-iw ttnadiɣ
acrureq amezwaru,
i walaɣ d tasarutt i tirga-w.
« Ombres flottantes sur
clarté
diffuse
Faibles lueurs sur la nuit épaisse
Par les regards trop stricts des hommes
Qui cherchent à résoudre l'énigme de leur coeur
Salve nocturne de l'âme
Où les faisceaux du soleil s'épuisent
Replié sur moi-même je cherche
le rayon primordial
comme une clef des songes ».
Γer useggas 1937,
yerna-d ammud nniḍen n tmedyazt « Itri uffir » (Étoile
secrète) i d-yesaẓreg daɣen deg Tunes. Ta, d yiwet deg tmedyazin
i d-yuzen zdaxel-is. anda Jean Lmuhub Ɛamruc,
amdan d umedyaz, ttnadin ɣef tafat d tallalt ara ten-id-yesnesren
seg lɣerba i t-ijelqen i lehna :
snufseɣ lğetta n ddunit
din
din ddunit tceṭṭeḥ deg-i,
…
zedɣent-iyi
tirga yimɣan,
n
tewririn yegnen am tlawin yestaḥlan.
Maɛna
terwel-iyi temẓi,
ḥulfaɣ
s terzeg deg yimi
tin
n tmusni d lmuzigat d tirni,
yettecruruden
deg tefsut n temẓi
cwiṭ cwiṭ
tsuɛef
tikli taweḥdanit n yidammen.
Gar
tɣawsiwin anda yettferfir usmekti n tafukt
tegeɛmer
tallest n umdan.
«
J'ai respiré la chair du monde
et
le monde dansait en moi,
J'étais
plein du rêve des plantes,
des
collines ensommeillées comme des femmes après l'amour.
Mais j'ai perdu l'esprit d'enfance,
…
Ma
bouche s'est emplie de l'âcre saveur
de
la connaissance et la musique du monde
qui
ruisselait au printemps de l'enfance
peu
à peu s'est évanouie dans le pas solitaire du sang.
Entre les Choses solitaires où flotte un souvenir de Lumière
s'est
épaissie la nuit de l'homme ».
Jean Lmuhub Ɛamruc,
d amangal amezwaru Azzayri yuran s tutlayt tafransist. Asmi d-yelha, yufa-d
yezzi-d s yidles ixulef win i s-selmaden. Seg yimar icemmer ɣef yiɣalen,
yebda anadi ɣef yidles-ines anesli. Yeẓra yella wayen yezmer a
d-yeffi deg yidles afransis ayen s wacu ara iseğhed idles-ines. Γef
waya yelmed akk ayen i d-yezzin i tsekla tafransist. Syin yuɣal ɣer
usiẓreg n wagla-s. deg useggas 1939, isuffeɣ-d di Tunes ammud
nniḍen yuran s teqbaylit d tefransist, isem-is « Ccna Tamaziɣt
n Teqbaylit » (Chants berbères de Kabylie). S leqdic-a aṭas
yimeɣrayen i iwalan tamedyazt tella s tutlayin nniḍen ; tamaziɣt.
Seg wass-nni, Jean Lmuhub Ɛamruc, yesbedd idles amaziɣ ɣef
tgejda seḥḥant. Tamedyazt yuran s tutlayt tamaziɣt tuɣ
amur deg umaḍal. Akken dɣa i t-id-yura deg tezwart : “S ccbaḥa
d tezdeg n ccna aqbayli, asnulfu alsawi n yergazen d tlawin yecnan tadukli n
ddunit, yes-sen nezmer a naɣ amur ɣer usnulfu d talsa, iɣef i ɣ-teserwel
« tɣerma ».”
Γas
akken deg tektabt-a, imudd-aɣ-d tamedyazt i d-yelqeḍ, maca, mi neɣra
isental iɣef seftint awal, a naf amzun yextar-iten-d ɣer wayen
yettxemmim, zdin d yisental iɣef yedyez netta yabeɛda:
A
ṭṭir azegzaw n rras
…
A
tselmeḍ ɣef yineḥbas
Deg
lɣerba kulas
Ssber
ay aḥbib n Rebbi.
Neɣ
deg tmedyazt nniḍen anda I d-yettmeslay ɣef wayen i d-yezgan gar-as
d wayen iɣef ixaq:
Ay
adrar beddeɣ-ak ssix.
…
Eǧǧ
abrid ad ɛeddint wallen,
Tamurt
n baba ḥnini.
Ulamma
xedmeɣ lecɣal
Ul-iw
din i yettili.
Ulac win
izemren a d-immeslay ef Jean Lmuhub Ɛamruc am Dda Lmulud At Mɛemmer,
yennan deg tezwart i s-d-iga i wungal: « atentad din teyirin, atnad din
wawalen, atentad din am tmuzigt am cna i d-yuɣalen, uɣalen-d akken i
sen-tessaleḍ deg-k. Tessneḍ tamacahutt yesgellen, acḥal
d lesnin, acḥal d leqrun, tamusni-nneɣ taqburt… cfu a Jean Lmuhub,
anaɣ tessneḍ a truḍ s teqbaylit. »
Γer
useggas 1946, yuɣal s tira ɣef umezruy n tmurt yettwattun. Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc, yura-d yiwen n uḍris ɣef Yugariten. Anda i
d-yura fell-as d agellid ur yebɣin beṭṭu n Tmazɣa « … tagelda n Numidya, tefreq ɣef tlata :
Aderbal, Hiempsal d Yugariten. Yugariten, ur yeqbil beṭṭu-ya n Tmazɣa,
yugi rray i d-yeffɣen seg ugraw n Rruman…Seg yimar, imḍebren n
Rruman bdan ttxemmimen amek ara walin imal n Tmazɣa. »
Mi yekfa taɣuri di
Tunes, di tesnawit (lycée), ikemmel timsirin-is deg lakul n St Cloud.
Syin yuɣal d aselmad n tsekla deg tesnawit n Ssus, umbeɛd deg tin n Ɛennaba
i wakken a d-yuɣal alamma d Tunes. Din i d-yessen amedyaz Armand
Guibert. Γer useggas 1934 d 1937, isaẓreg-d timedyazin-is
timezwura. Γer tallit umaḍal wis-2, i yemlal, di Tunes, d André
Gide.
Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc, yuɣal d anemhal n tesɣunt taseklawit « L’Arche ».
Tin ideg tekkan, s yimagraden, ismawen meqqren n tsekla tafransist am (Albert
Camus, Antonin Artaud…)
Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc, yefka-d udem d amaynut i rradyu. Yerra-d amḍiq i
tsekla zdaxel-is. Am tedwilin i d-yerra deg rradyu Tunis-R.T.T.
(1938-1939), Radio-France-Alger (1943-1944), et surtout Radio-France-Paris
(1944-1958). Deg-sent uɣen amur akk irgazen n tsekla yuklalen azal (Roland
Barthes, Jean Wahl, Kateb Yacine…), neɣ at teklut (Charles
Lapicque).
Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc, d amdan yefkan azal i usnulfu, akken dɣa i iletha
yess. D netta i d amezwaru di rradyu, i d-yessuffɣen tadwilt (émission)
n tdiwennit d yimangalen. Akka i d-yugem d tidiwenniyin d François Mauriac,
André Gide…
Ma d
aɣmis n tmeddurt-is, yura seg 1928 ar 1961, atan ɣer mmi-s Pierre.
Isefti-d deg-s awal ɣef waṭas n lecɣal i d-imuger. Imarayen i
s-d-yeldin allen ɣer tira. Llant tmedyazin ueğğa d azgen, ayen
akk yeqdec deg lgirra n Lezzayer, xersun ayen iwala ilaq a d-yeqqim d later ama
fell-as ama ɣef tmetti i d-yezger s umata.
Seg 1958
almi 1961, iṭaxer-d seg rradyu n Fransa, yuɣal iqeddec deg rradyuwat
n Lausanne d Geneve, di Sswis. Din, yefka-d liɛana meqqren i lgirra
n Lezzayer.
Kra n
ddurtat kan, send a d-yili ustenyi ɣef tlelli n Lezzayer, yensa Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc s lehlak n cancer. Win yebḍan gar snat n lɛadat
tidelsanin, tafransist sway i d-yetturebba d teqbaylit taneslit-is. Win yennan
« Tira, ttaruɣ s tefransist. Ma d imeṭṭi, ssneɣ ad
ttruɣ s teqbaylit. »
Jean
Lmuhub Ɛamruc, yewwi yid-s tuttriwin ur sent-id-yufi tifrat. « Tessneḍ anwa i d
baba anta i d yemma ? Tzemreḍ a yi-d-temleḍ anta i d
tamurt-iw ? Lḥasun, ur
ssineɣ la baba
la yemma, ḍḥiɣ d agujil
ur sɛiɣ tamurt.»
Yensa
akken yebḍa gar yidles afransis d yidles-ines ajaddiw n teqbaylit. Γef
waya yenna : « Fransa d tarwiḥt n tayti-inu (esprit),
Lezzayer d tayti n terwiḥt-iw. »
Ait Ighil Mohand
taɣbalutt :
Wikipedia
Cendres – J.L.Amrouche
Chants berberes de
Kabylies- J.L.Amrouche
Archives Association
Jean et Taos Amrouche
Waf
amagrad sYur Abdelmottaleb ZIZAOUI (Filère: Etudes amazighes, Oujda)
Waf[1],
d wa d azwel[2]
n tmezgunt yura Muh’emmed Buzeggu. Awarn i sin n wengalen nnes: Ticri x tma n
tsarrawt (2001), Jar ujar (2004), d ict n tes’mud’t n tullisin[3]: Ifri
n âuna (2006).
Tamezgunt a tarbu att’as’ n imunas jar isebtar[4] nnes,
yus d ad ikkes afray xaf tussna nnegh, amezruy nnegh, insayen[5]
nnegh, tamazight nnegh…
Mamec d yusa di temsizwart n wedlis:
“WAF” d taghuyyit ijehden mani aseghdi ineqq awal, d alaghi zi rallagh
n wul mani tayri tettwanegh, d asitm i ict n tudart tecna mani itarrasen nnughen
jar min teggen d min xsen ad ggen, d tudart ixsn tilelli i wawal i weydud mgal[6]
ah’ewwes n tseqqar n temghart d yewdan marr’a, mgal aseghdi i inghin tutlayt
tamazight.
Tamezgunt a turem s reh’riq n tarezzut xaf tidet innughen, ittwacerfen
jar sin n ighezdisa: zi tudart ghar rmewt, zi s’ubas’t’a ghar tayri, zeg
uh’udri ghar waryaz, zi tallest ghar tfawt. Itarrasen n tmezgunt temhafan,
tneqrad’n, tmuruden, arezzun s reh’riq deg wul xaf cra i ten ghar issufghen s
id’aren nnsen h’uma ad uyarn amc marra iwdan. D WAF i ten ineqqen, d WAF i ghar
nghen.
Amaru, ar ami yura tamezgunt a, issars d marr’a tarz’ugi n wussan.
Tawuri[7]
a, ixsen ad teqd’u isekraf n imunas, bac
war ttili tutlayt nnegh d tanecruft n yixf nnes, tus d d anza[8]
aqa tasekla tamazight teggwar ad taf ansa nnes jar marr’a tasekla
tamad’lant[9]. Tira
a texs ad tlellec am benneâman deg iyyar n tsekla tamazight, war ttili d
isennanen isnuqquben arrimet n tussna nnegh.
Deg umeggar, ameghri iggwar ad yaf ixf nnes jar tiwinas[10]
tizirarin mani d tedd’uqquz’ tinit n ict n tudart tiz’id’, d turja i iksin
ijjen ijjen…
Abdelmottaleb
ZIZAOUI (Filère: Etudes amazighes, Oujda)
Numéro
41 Septembre 2009
Le texte intégral du Dictionnaire Français Berbère par E.
Destaing, en PDF, 300 pages dans
notre rubrique téléchargement.
Numéro 41 Septembre
2009
Asefru
n 1871
Sɣur Ɛ.Mezdad,
1983
Deg Yebrir ass n 17 mi isuɣ uberraḥ
timlilit deg At-Yiraten Larbɛa yebnan ɣef
sseḥ
agdud dayen d imsebbel am umeksa am ufellaḥ
Ay atma ma
yexḍa ţaṛ tajmaɛt dayen ad ţ-nsemmeḥ.
Tulawin zwarent mačči ass-a i d amenzu
ad fetlent
aḥlalas mi fukkent seksu
ččen medden win ar-a
yemten ad yeṛwu
Yeḥma ubendayer yewzen usefru
argaz ar-a yuɣalen deffir abux ad as-yeḍlu.
Mi d-yewweḍ
imir imenɣi isuɣ-d uterras
nedder armi d ass-a, ttṛad-a nurǧa-t ad
d-yas
ccudet irkasen yakk d ibrenyas
Larbɛa ad teɣli ssya ad yali wass
Ffer leɛyub ay akal lmut yak yiwass.
Yal wa d awal-is, ḥezzmen gezzmen
wid yedderkkiren la ddekkiren
wis yessfruyen la ssefruyen
wid yeţnecṛaḥen la ţnecṛaḥen
wid yeţẓallan ẓzullen
ma d wid yuggaden ssusmen.
Ussan-as yakk leɛrac yenddeh yiwen ṭtamen
tameslayt-is d timgemment uggaɣ d tinna n
yemneffqen
Larbɛa d ameṣmar di tgecrirt ay atmaten
Skud yenta nɛab rrẓen ifadden
ma tebɣam tilelli mmtet d imsebblen
ma tebɣam azaglu ad yili Ṛebbi yid-wen.
Rrṣas yugar rrɛud yuli uḥeǧǧaju
yiwen ur d-yuɣal ɣer deffir ṭtbel rrṣas
asuɣu
Aṭas i yeɣlin i d-yenna usefru
3000 d argaz i ɣ-yemmuten
as n 27 di Mayu.
Asmi teffeɣ tefsut iɣeẓza-ţ wurɣu
ger izegzawen d iquranen nezzer deg wanu
mi
ifukk ṭtrad wis-sin yid-Sen teɣli-d fell-aɣ deɛwessu
ar
assa n wussan yemdel wallaɣ yedderɣel unecfu.
Ɛ.Mezdad,
1983
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Dernière révision : vendredi 15 juillet 2011
[1] WAF d tamezgunt
[2] Titre
[3] Nouvelles
[4] Pages.
[5] Traditions.
[6] Contre
[7] Travail.
[8] Preuve.
[9] Littérature universelle
[10] Phrases
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