11 Nwamber/Wamber 2014, sɣur Mouloud Younsi
Tamurt n Yiqbaylien (Tamurt.info) - I lmend n tektiwin i d-yeffYen deg usarag i yesdukklen ImaziYen Iqbayliyen, nenna tura abrid Yer tira d uselmed n TmaziYt di tutlayin-is s umata dayen ibanen. Ur nettuYal ara Yer deffir.
Anwa asekkil s wayes ara tettwaru Tmaziɣt ?
I lmend n tektiwin i d-yeffYen deg usarag i yesdukklen ImaziYen Iqbayliyen, nenna tura abrid Yer tira d uselmed n TmaziYt di tutlayin-is s umata dayen ibanen. Ur nettuYal ara Yer deffir.
Acku, wid yuYen tannumi sserwaten beṛṛa i unnar, begsen-d la d-snulfuyen uguren Yef tira.
Ulamma wigi si zik ur ten-id-yecqi kra, eyan cengen-aY gar igenwan, bYan ad mḥun TamaziYt di tmurt.
Tura medden akk cfan Yef temsal yeḍran seg useggass n 80 armi d ass-a. Seg wussan-agi yezrin, alarmi d-llint cwiṭ tewwura n tugdut di 1988, tiYrit tekka-d kan sYur ueekkaz n udabu.
Ass-a, akabar-agi n FLN iwezzee amzun d iftaten. Deg wakken yenduder, imdebbeṛ-is Cadli, berzidan n tmurt Lezzayer, yenna-yasen i yibeetiyen : "tixṛet, ǧǧet-ten ad arun TamaziYt s isekkilen i sen-yehwan."
Maca imcumen-nni ur asen-yehwi yara waya. Deg wakken i ten-iqerḥ lḥal, uzzlen wwin-ten-id ula si Leiraq akken ad ten-eiwnen di lumuṛ i bYan nitni.
Ihi Cadli yerra aḍar Yer deffir.
Ass-a taswiet temrehwal. Imcumen-agi sean afus d kra ikabaren i d-ilulen melmi kan neY d wid yellan zik d uffiren am MDA n Ben Bella. Win ara yeYren leqwanen i d-ssufuYen deg yeYmisen-nsen Yef wayen yeenan idles amaziY, ad temri taluft. Ama d akabar n PRA, APUA neY MDA n Ben Bella ....iban ttnadin ad eiwden i yeYsan asewwi.
Di tazwara nnan TamaziYt ilaq ad tettwaru s isekkilen n Taerabt-Tineslemt. Di tama-nniden, nnan-d ilaq ad tetteddu kan di llem n Taerabt amzun akken d takna. Nitni gguman ad tebeen rray n yimusnawen i d-isseknen timeslayin d tilelliyin !
Yal yiwet ilaq ad tettunexdam i yiman-is. Nitni izedY-iten yiwen lameṛ, win : " N yiwen ugdud "aerab", yiwet n tmeslayt" "taerabt", tamaziYt tusa-ya-sen-d d ugur ameqran.
Ma nuYal-d Yer yikubar-nniḍen, akabar am FFS ixulef deg-sen . Mass Lḥusin At Ḥmed mi t-steqsan di tilizṛi n Fransa n uṭun wis sin (France 2) netta yenna-d ilaq ad tt-naru s isekkilen n Tlatinit. Llan wiyaḍ am RCD i yeǧǧan abrid i yimusnawen.
Hattan ihi Taywelt (la Communication) i xedmey s Tefransist rriy-tt-id yer Teqbaylit
Di tallit n zik (à l’époque) llan 3 igemmayen (alphabets) s wayes i tettwaru TmaziYt. Llan wid ur nessin ara Tafransist, dYa ssexdamen kan akka isekkilen n Taerabt. Yella ugemmay n TifinaY, ssexdamen-t ImaziYen Itergiyen n Tmurt n Sseḥra.
Ma d wis krad, d agemmay alatini Yer d-rnan drus isekkilen igrikiyen (Gamma et Epsilon), ad ilin nnig miyya iseggasen i ttarun yis-s imyura am Bulifa, Ben Sdira, Dda Lmulud d geddac n yiwaḍ i yesɣeṛ.
I tura, amek ara nextiṛ tira ? S tin nnfee d tussna, neY ad netbeɛ iberdan yettwaYen (idéologiques). Di tmura ifehmen, i wesbeddi n ugemmay ilaq bnadem ad yezdi abrid n tmusni akked tussna.
Tura ɣef wayen yeenan tira s yisekkilen n Taerabt, ilaq ad izeṛ umdan, agemmay-is yebna Yef tirgal "les consonnes". D tigi i d llsas n tmeslayt Taerabt. Sellen i tiYra (Yoyelles) maca ut tent-ttarun ara.
Yella wayen-nniḍen : tiYri (Yoyelle) tawezlant d tYezfant. Ayagi ur yelli y ara di Teqbaylit neY di TmaziYt s umata. Yerna Yer Tmaziɣt, tiYra ur teddunt ara Yef tirgal, ttabaeent tirgal , ttilint di tazwara, di tlemmast neY di taggara n wawal.
DiYen, tiYra-yagi iwumi nsemma (a,i,u) mi ara yili ssexdamen-tent waeraben seant yal yiwet Tlata neY Ṛebea tira.
1- Amek ara naru /a/ ? S Hamza i Yef d-iYelli fatḥa ; alif aYezfan ; fatḥa Yef tergalt ara igen imesli (son) /a/ ; yya maksura ?
Ma d tiYri /i/ tettwaru s : hamza d kasra : kasra Yef tergalt /ya/ ; yya maksura ;
Ma d tiYri n /u/ "ou" tella s : hamza ḍamma- ḍamma Yef tergalt ; waw.
TiYra-yagi ttemqaranent way gar-asent ? "s’opposent elles entre elles" am akken i t-nelmed di tjerrumt n "La linguistique fonctionnaliste-structuraliste" ?
Dacu i yeǧǧan tikwal Taerabt tesseqdac tiYri neY tayeḍ ? Ilaq ad tt-frun di tazwara Yef Taerabt, ad d-sbegnen s tin n tussna dacu n lmeena n Tlata neY Ṛebea iberdan-agi s wayes ttarun yal yiwet deg-sent ?
Deg wayen Yeenan tameslayt n Teqbalit, neY n tutlayin-nniḍen n TmazYa, nefra-tt s tin n tussna.
Deg umur n tirgal (consonnes) ilaq diYen ad d-sbegnen acimi i ssemrasen "ils emploient" Tlata talYiwin "formes" i yessemxallafen tira n tergalt di tazwara, di tlemmast neY di taggara n wawal.
Ayagi ur t-nesei yara di Teqbaylit neY di tutlayin n TmazYa.
D tamusni n tjeṛṛumt "la grammaire" akked yilugan n talYa (règles de morphologie "forme du mot") i yetteawanen amdan akken ad ieqel awal, d wamek ara t-id-iYeṛ diYen akken ad yaru mačči akken i s-yehwa, maca ad yaru s ufus n ilugan n tjeṛṛumt.
Agemmay Aerab Yuṛ-s 28 n tirgal, win n TmaziYt - Taqbaylit 35, amek ara naru isekkilen ur nelli yara di Taerabt ? Ma d TifinaY Yuṛ-s kra n tiYra, maca ar ass-a ur d-ssufYen ara kra n yilugan n tira "règles de transcription" neY wid n tjeṛṛumt "règles de grammaire". Ala di Meṛṛuk; deg mi ḥettmen fell-asen ad xtiṛen gar isekkilen n Taerabt neY wid n TfinaY, imusnawen xas llan bYan wid n Tlatinit, uYalen qeblen ad sxedemen wid n TfinaY !
Nezmer ad d-nini Imaziɣen n Nniǧer akked Mali, deg usarag n 1966 di Bamaku , xtaṛen isekkilen n Tlatinit, xas akken rran lqima tameqrant i yisekkilen n TfinaY.
Tura ma yella wid yuYen tannumi reggin tizuliYin, yessaweḍ-iten wakud armi s-Yzan tasraft i Taerabt, ar taggara ad ttsuYun, am wakken d timeslayin am TmaziYt d Tefransist i iḍuṛṛen Taerabt, amzun akken d nitnti i d tiedawin. Ad lummen kan Yef yiman-nsen.
AyYer ur as-smeḥsen ara i yiwen unegmay, isem-is Moḥemmed Belqayed i ixeddmen Yef Taerabt n Tunes mi sen-yenna :
"Seg wasmi i yura Sibawayḥ d terbaet-is ilugan n tjeṛṛumt n Taerabt, wid i t-id-iḍefṛen ttneqqilen kan wa Yef wa , yerna sxerben-tt, sseYlin-as di lqima, yal yiwen ixeddem, yettaru akken i d as-yehwa !!!!
Nekni ur netteddu di twaYit !
ILAQ AD FEHMEN : YAL TAMESLAYT D TILELLIT !
Sakina AT ḤMED
Tamarut/Tamesnilest
Anda i lliɣ ? Axxam > Dagi & Tura
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