Deg ij n uɣezdis n umaḍal ira xezzaren ɣer usikes abyuluji axmi d netta i yellan d ddsas n mamec iwdan beṭṭan ddur (role) jar-asen. D mamek i ɣa ssegguren tudart-nsen ra di min iqqnen ɣer ssikes; di arriḍa, ura di mamek ttwalan ixef-nsen. Tawtemt d wewtem, tnayen n wanawen (genders) mkul ijjen ggin-as tiwessaf-nnes. Waxxa amenni, jar marra yegduden d tɣermiwin ig ittwassnen, tuɣa dinni anawen-nneɣni. Tuɣa dinni iwdan ttafen ixef-nsen rid d iwetman rid d tiwetmin. Maca yina tuɣa ḥeggaren-ten, ḥarrzen-ten x uɣezdis n tegrawt, niɣ tɛeddan x-asen.
Aṭṭas n tɣermwin tiqdimin (ancient civilizations) jjint-idd izerfan ig imennɛen ssikes jar iwdan n ij n wanaw (ij n marka). Zag-sen Isiryaniyen, Iɛibriyen, Irumaniyen, maca tettafed jer tegdudin umaḍal, dinni aṭṭas n yenni ig ittwassnen s wanaw wis 3, wis 4. Ina wer llin ca la d iwetman niɣ la d tiwetmin.
A nebda zi Arif, mani ɛad wer tzemmared ura ad tssiwled x yewdan n lgbtq, waxxa aqqa-ten jer-aneɣ zi lebda. Di Arif wer ɣer-neɣ ca « awtem » d « tewtemt » waha, ɣer-neɣ ura d abellewtem, d tabellwtemt. Ina, msebḍan aṭṭas, mkul ijjen mamek yegga; Izmmar ad yili d abellwtem minzi tifras-nnes zeryent jar tifras n wewtem. D tinni n tewtemt, niɣ izemmar ad yili ixleq-dd s “tjinatin” d “usikes abyuluji” yexḍel (intersex). Zi jjiht-nneɣni, Irifiyen am marra igduden ttwassnen s wargaz ig itteṭṭsen aked wargaz. D temɣart umi tetteɛjib tamɣart, dinni ura d ismawen-nsen waxxa neqqar-iten s uzawar am mara ismawen n yewdan-a di tutlayin-nneɣni. Xmi nqqar awal “ zzamel” niɣ “zzamla “ am xmi yeqqar Anglizi n waṭṭas zeggwami, “gay”.
Ɛemmers ma ila dinni ca n trezzutin x inawen-a di Arif ḥuma ad nessen mamek ttacan di arrimet-nnsen. D mamek xezzaren ɣer ssikes d arriḍa, minzi drusen, nḥazen s useḥqar, xazzaren ɣer-sen am ineɛḍaf. Deg imukan-nneɣni, iwdan am ninti munen di tmesmunin, smquddan ixef-nsen ig yenneɣni uɣil waxxa din aseḥqar. Manaya zzat ma ad dd-banent tigrawin n « transganders » niɣ “gender non-conforming” n yiḍa i dd-ibdan zeg Uruppa d Umarikan.
Ḥuma a nessen ktar x-asen, ixess-aneɣ a negg di taynit-nneɣ ila aqqa-ten manimma. Wtin iẓuran deg umezruy, am nitni am wewtem d tewtemt. A neɛda lux ɣar imukan mani ɣa naf aṭṭas n igduden wer bellɛen ca x ixef-nsen s tnayen iklassiten waha.
Hijra: deg Wasiya n wadday, d Pakistan din ij n uklasi n midden yettwassnen s “Xawaja Sira”. Di Lhend ttwassnent s waṭṭas n yismawen am “Aravani, Jagappa, Kinnar”. Hijra ttmunent d tmesmunin, nitnti ttilint am ccɣel n « transgender » (zeg wewtem ɣer tewtemt). Lebɛad ttilin d ibellewtmen (intersex). Aṭṭas zag-sen kksen asikes abyuluji-nnsen (eunuchs). Minzi ḥuma ad tilid d icten zi tegrawt n hijra. Mamec i dinni izerfan tejjan-tent ad kssent rimaret n wewtem, yerrḍent arruḍ am tewtmin, tteggent ddur n tewtemt (ig ittwassnen di tmurt-nsen). Di lhend lebda, dinni iwdan-nneɣni qqaren-asen « kothi ». Xelqen-dd d iwetman s twassef n twtemin, lebɛad zag-sen kessin ddur n tmɣarin di kulci ura deg usikes. Maca msebḍan x hijra, wer ttɛicen ca munen. Ddula n lhend tenɛem zi hijra di 2014, tegga-sent d tewriqin anaw wis tlata, huma a ɣer-sent tili tesɣart di tɣuri d lxedmet. Pakistan, ula nettat tuca- sent amkan-nsent, ar mani dewlen lux ttadfen ula ɣer pulitk.
Lhend, Pakistan d Nipal ttwassnent zi dduwal tipubriyin, d waṭṭas n imenɣiten jer-asent. Maca abeddi-nsent ig tigrawin-a ig ittwssnen deg umezruy-nsent zi melmi. Ggint abeddi imɣar x wenni n ca n ddewal i netteḥsab zi ddewa timezwura.
Kathoy: Ninti d iwetman ig itteddaren am twetmin, ttlaɣant x ixef-nsent s Teṭaylanidit: “Tamɣart” niɣ “tamɣart wis tnayen”. Ttɛicent amek xsent di tneddam timeqqranin, ura deg ibilajen Iṭaylandiyen, wer ɣer-sent xezzaren ca s usḥeqar. Qeblen-tent am mamek llant, minzi ddin-nsent d abudi ittemsumuḥ ig marra iwdan. Maca ɛad luxa ddula n ṭṭayland wer dasent-tuci ca izerfan-nsent di tewriqin am Lhind.
Ṭṭayland tettawssen s waṭṭas n inawen-nneɣni, ɛla ḥssab mamek mkul ijj ittwala ixef-nnes d uswali aseksi-nnes (sexual orientation), zeg-sen: tom, dee, tom dee, tom gay .. Maca ittɣima kathoy d netta ig ittbanen aṭṭas.
Muxe (muci) : Miksik am marra igduden ig iqesḥen di tmeslayen n lgbtq, nettat zi ddewal i dd-ittgeɛɛad tmanɣiwt n iwdan n lgbt d uɛeddi x-asen. Maca deg ijen temdint qqaren-as Juchitan di Oaxaca, mani zedɣen “ zapotics” ittsemma iwdan iqdimen n Miksik, ttbeddarent timeslayin marra. A naf dinni Muxes, nitenti d iwtman ig ittacan zeg ixef-nsent wer llint d iwtman, niɣ d yenni ɣa illa tiwessaf jar temɣart d wargaz. Maca wer llin d transgenders amek ittwassen deg umaḍal. Di tegrawt-nsent, ticcen-asent ccan ktar zi mara imukan-nneɣni ixef nessiwel qbel. Ttbdalent isem-nsent xmi ttacant zeg ixef-nsent wer llint d yergazen. Aydud-nsent itticc-asent ij n ddur-nsent weḥd-sent, ixezzar ɣer-sent am ij n wanaw wiss 3.
Xeddment d artistat n dikur, ttɛawnent ɣer usegmi n lwacun. Ti tendint-nsent nitenti ig iswjaden i fictat timeqqranin, ttwassnent aṭṭas di ficta n “Vela de Las Intrepidas”.
Di tegrawin n Muxes tiqdimin, maci labedda ad tilid d homosexual waxa nitnti itɛjiba-sent ad xsent argazen (andrufilik). Aṭṭas zag-sent ttɣimant bla ca n tmeqqant (relation). Lux, timeslayin beddlent, ar d « Muxe » dewlent tteggent aparasyu ḥuma ad ɛeqbent d timɣarin di arrimet-nsent. Dewlent ssawlent x uswali asiksi-nsent (sexual orientation). Idwel dinni tnayen n iklasiten n « Muxe », yenni ig ittwalen ixef-nsen nnuɣen d arrimet n wergaz. D yenni ig illan d argazen maca tteɛjiben-asen asikes ig yergazen.
Mala nus-d ad nexzar manis-dd-yekka amsumuḥ-a ig muxe, iggur a nessen qa iwdan iqdimen n umarikan n sennej niɣ n s wadday. Tuɣa-ten ttweqqaren iwdan wer illin ra d awtem ra tawtemt, tuɣa mara ttwassnen lebda s ktar s tnayen n wanawen. (xzar infografik)
Mahu: Ttilin jer iwdan iqdimen n Hawaii, xelqen-d d iwetman niɣ tiwtemin, maca xezzaren ɣer ixef-nsen d anaw wis 3. Niɣ ttwalan ixef-nsen d yergazen d timɣarin deg ijj n umur. Mahu n qbel, tuɣa ɣer-sen ccan imɣar, ttawlan-ten am imselmaden. D yenni ig iḥeṭṭan x tussna-nsen d umzruy-nsen. Iḍa, ar ninti ttwasɛqaren, maca ɛad twassnen s uccebbar-nsen di tutlayt-nsen taqdimt d tussna n lejdud-nsen!
Burrnesha -Albania-: ttwaxalqen-d d tiwetmin maca deg ijen lweqt zi tudert-nsen ddakkwalen d yergazen di mamek ittɛicen di jihet n usikes. Ttɣiman tudart-nsen tekmel bla asikes. “burrneshas” ixes ad yini tenni ig izullen ad qqiment x tuɛzrit, ḥuma ad tdewled d burrnesha ixes ad tzalled zat i tnɛac n yewdan imeqqranen n taqbilt.
Iban-dd manaya, minzi yegduden mani illan “burrneshas”, tuɣa ɣer-sen izerfan qesḥen. Qqaren-asen « kanun », ttejjan tamɣart tettwaseḥqar di tsɣart-nnes. Uca aṭṭas n tniyba dewlent d burrneshas ḥuma a ɣar-sen tiri tasɣart-nsent.
Zi timsrayen-nneɣni i ten-tijjin ad rewlent zi ddur-nsen n temɣarin. A naf lemlak n uɣir minzi lwacun-nsen, umi tuɣa-ten d timɣarin, ticcen-tent i yewdan bla ma ad xsent mani ɣer ddarent ijen tudart n tusmɣi-nneɣni, niɣ a naf tudrin i wer ɣer-sent bu wargaz. Ixess wi ɣer idewlen d burrnesha zi tḥenjirin ḥuma ad ɣer-s ili tasɣart ad iwret agla n familiya-nnsen, minzi tamɣart wer tezzmar ad twart !
Msebḍant tmeslayen i ten-tinddḥen deg webrid-a, maca Burrneshas, zi awerni uzulli-nsen. Tettunt qa nitni d timɣarin, ddakkwalen ttlaɣen-asen s ismawen n wargaz. Ttwalan-ten d argazen ɣar-sen tirelli ad ddaren am wargaz. Ad issin srah, ad ilin d cci x taddart-nsen, manaya wer yelli mesmuḥ i tmɣart n tmura-nsen
Bissu: deg Wandunesiya, di ljazira n Sulawesi, iwdan mani beṭṭan aywya x 5 n iklassiten; Awtem, tawtemt, Calalai, Calabai d bissu,
Calalai, d ttiwetmin ig tafent ixef-nsent di ddur n wargaz, maca wer qqarent x ixef-nsent qa d yergazen. Calabai d kuntra n calalai, maca Bissu, anaw wis 5 cwayt imsebḍa x-asen. Ttwalan-ten axmi smunan jer rebɛa n wanawen-nneɣni, wer tiraren ca ddur n tamɣart niɣ n waryaz, ɣer-sen arruḍ- nsen i zi twassnen, ninti twaxelqen-d d ibellewtmen .
Zzat i lislam d indunisiya, bissu ira ttwalan-ten axmi d imrabden ig issemsawaḍen jer iwdan d arebbi, ɣer-sen d ijen ccan d ameqqran a tilid d bissu. Lux ɛad ttiraren ddur n imrabḍen. Sekrata : Agdud n Sakalava di Madɣacqer mani ura ninti ɣer-sen anaw wis tlata. Xmi ttafen aḥenjir dag-s tiwessaf n tḥermuct, ssmɣaren-t-idd am tḥenjirt zi temẓi. Di Madɣacqar ttwalan manaya normal, tihenjirin-a xmi i dd-mqqarent ttwalant ixef-nsent d timɣarin d tihuryin.
Jer yewdan iqdimen n Umarikan, dinni mkur amkan ɣer-sen ktar zi tnayen wanawen (genders). Manyenni tuɣa-t normal qbel ma ɣer-sen d-adfen Iwruppiyen. Ura di Afrika, ssnen ktar zi awtem d tewtemt; am mino d Benin, ankole dig uɣanda, mashoga d kinya..
Lista temɣar s yismawen n yewdan ig issnen amxumbel n LGBTQ zzat ma ad iban wemnus-nsen deg wakud n iḍa. Iwdan tuɣa-ten msumuḥen ig ixef-nsen, farnen tabrit-nsen, wer smuquddin ca imzriten-nsen d tnettit-nsen di tnayen n kaxxat waha.
Deg wezgen-a ssiwleɣ-dd x min illan d ddsas, d manis i dd-yebda umzruy n lgbtq. Minzi aṭṭas ittawi-asen-dd Rrebi qa d lɣerb (western) i dd-ijjin manaya. Nettat Uruppa ira ggin izerfan kuntra i tegrawt n hijra d lhend. Arami i-dd arrin ihindawyen tilelli-nsen kksen manayenni. Suyenni ira rezzuɣ ad ssecneɣ manaya qa-t yella illa d mkur tamurt deg umaḍal.
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