Awertilani
Ccix Lfuḍil Awertilani (S tṛumit : Fodil El Ouartilani) yemmut ur iwala asirem-is wa ad yidir di Lezzayer tilellit. Ulac wid i t-id yemmektin, ɣas akken yefka tudert-is i tmurt-is nnig 30 iseggasen, yettwattun almi d 12 meɣres 1987 i t-id-yemmekti udabu-nneɣ, yerra-d tafekka-ines ar tmurt-is ɣer At Wertilan.
Ccix Lfuḍil Awertilani d yiwen seg wid id d-yefkan aṭas i tmurt-is. I lul ass di taddart n Wanu deg At Wertilan (Sṭif), isem-is n tidet Ḥasanin Lfuḍil. Ikker-d di twacult yeɣran, baba-s yella d amasay n temɛemmert, yelmed leqran d wayen yeqqnen ɣur-s deg taddart-is.
Deg useggas 1922, wwin-tt ad isɛeddi lɛesker, irewwel-asen acḥal n tikkal. Din i yeẓra amgared yellan ger imsulta izzayriyen d wid iṛumeyen.
Sya id-yewwi tikti iwakken ad yili ɣef wudem unekcam arumi. Asmi yekfa lɛesker, ikemmel andi akken ad isegmu tamusni-is, yewwi-d tikti tamaynut i yimezdaɣ n At Wertilan. Tikti-ayi teɣza deg wallaɣ, ur yeḥsib yiwen ama d imḍebren irumiyen neɣ lquyad-nnsen. Ineggura ayi ttnadin fell-as, iruḥ iǧǧa tamnaḍt-is yerra ɣer Qsemṭina deg useggas n 1930.
Mi yewweḍ ɣer din yerra ɣer wanda yella Ben Badis akken ad ikemmel i tmussni-s. Din yebda yettufrar-d am zzit ɣef inelmaden akk yettili, syin akkin yuɣal d amasay ɣef inelmaden-nni. Aseggas n 1932, yeqqel d agensas n weɣmis Ccihab akk d ujemuɛ n yedrimen. D wayi id azal i yesɛa ɣer Ben Badis.
D netta id imceggeɛ-is ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel s isem n teddukli n imusnawen inselmen bac ad ilin ɣer tama-s, issexdam tameslayt n imawlan-is (taqbaylit), ilmend-is xilla id-ikecmen ar teddukli-ayi, ɣef aya yuɣal d aselmad (yettɛawan-it).
Di lawan-nni aṭas n imezdaɣ i irewlen si tmurt ar Fransa, tugett deg-sen ttun tamurt d wayen id-icudden ɣur-s.
Ihi Tadukli n imusnawen inselmen twala ilaq ad ceyɛen win izemren ad ixiḍ acerrig yellan, wa aten-d yerr s abrid. Ɣas akken ẓran yuɛer lḥal aṭas ma wḍen aɛdaw s axxam-is am win yewḍen azrem ar lɣar-is. Ccix Ben Badis yeddem, yessers, yuɣal igzem-itt di ṛṛay-is ; yextar Ccix Lfuḍil awertilani. Acku nenna-d yakan ɣef wazal yesɛa ɣur-s, rnu yessen 03 n tutlayin (tamaziɣt, taɛrabt, tafransist) akk d termit i d-yewwi seg tmurt n Leqbayel.
Di tlemmast n useggas 1936, yerza ar Fransa, tazwara yettemlili, ixeddem isaragen i iminigen (s twafra) s wannect-a i yessaweḍ ad issemlil iminigen n din deg tdukliwin. Yesker-d tazwara 06 n tdukliwin. Taɛekkumt ẓẓay-itt, iɣeblan ugten d ayen ur yezmzir at-yexdem iman-is, iɛedda yuzen-as Ben Badis wid ar t-iɛiwnen wa ad yili d netta i d aqerruy-nsen. Asmi yekcem useggas n 1938 ssawḍen ar 19 n tdukliwin s yisem "EL TEHDIB". 15 di Lpari, 03 di Rennes, yiwet di Marseilles. D ayen i as-d-yeglan s wuguren d udabu aṛumi neɣ d waraw n tmurt-is, ur neqbil ara ad yufrar ger-asen am Messali Lḥaǧ (yuggad ɣef umkan-is ger iminigen) i yessawḍen armi yeccetka fell-as ar Ben Badis. Imi Ben Badis yessen-it amek iga, ur ten-yumin ara. D aya i t-yeǧǧan ad yerwel ar tmurt n Maṣer deg useggas n 1939, yerra ɣer "lǧameɛ El Azher" ansi id-yewwi agerdas.
18 di furar 1944, tella-d tlalit deg Maṣer n yiwen umussu i izdin 03 n tmura (Tunes, Merruk, Lezzayer), iswi-ines ad yesken i wegdud n umaḍan n wayen i iḍerrun deg Tefriqt n Ugafa. Ger n wid i t-id-issekren ad naf Ccix Lfuḍil. Amussu-a yura aṭas n tebṛatin i wegraw n tmura taɛrabin, akken daɣen i yuzen tabratt i wegraw n tmura idduklen deg useggas n 1945 akken aten-id yesmekti belli agdud n Tefriqt n Ugafa yettekkan deg ṭṭraḍ amaḍlan wis sin ar tama n Fransa akken ad awin timunent-nsen ur d yelli ara, tqubl-iten s imenɣeyen am wayen yeḍran di 08 mayyu 1945 di tmurt-nneɣ.
Yerza sin iberdan ar tmurt n Yaman (tettidir uguren ger ugellid akk d ugdud-is). Tirza tamezwarut tella-d akken iwata yeẓra agellid-is akk d ixṣimen-is. Agellid Yeḥya yessuter deg-s as-d-iheyyi ahil n unegmi n tmurt-is di yal iḥricen (tasertit, tadamsa…).
Tirza tis snat yewwi yid-s ahil-nni ɣef wacu ara tebnu tmenḍawt n tmurt n Yaman. Ahil-a qeblen-t akk. Agdud yebɣa ad yili ubeddel s lemɣawla ixsimen-is ufan-tt d tagnit ssekren ccewal llan-d imenɣeyyen i yeglan s tmettant n uglellid Yeḥya ass n 17 di furar 1948. Yuɣal mmi-s deg umekan-is ur yeǧǧi ara ixsimen-is wa yenɣa-t wa yegra-t ɣer lhebs, yerra kullec ɣef Ccix Lfuḍil d netta i d sseba n ccwal yeḍran d tmettent n baba-s. Iceyyee akk i tmura taɛrabin ad t-ṭṭfent, tamurt ara yerr ttagin-as ad yeres yeqqim azal n 06 n wayyuren s ufella n lbabur, almi d aseggas n 1948 i t-yeqbel unebbaḍ n Lubnan s lemeiwna n kra yemdukal-is ad yili din s twafra almi tersa taluft n Lyaman. Ɣas akken, yettaru deg yeɣmisen s yismawen n weyyaḍ ɣef temsalt n tmurt-is, lawan-a yufa ugellid-nni mačči d netta i d sebba n wayen yeḍran di tmurt-is iɛedda isumeḥ-as.
S tirza-ines seg tmurt ar tayeḍ, issaweḍ ad ibeddel tamuɣli n tmura taɛrabin d tenselmin ɣef wayen i d-teqqar Fransa (agdud azzayri yeqbel s unekcam aṛumi) yerra-d deg yiwen n weɣmis "amek ihi i llan-tt tegrawliwin seg Amir Ɛebdlqader (1830-1847), At Sidi Ccix ar Bubeɣla, Lalla Faḍma n Sumer ar tegrawla n Ccix Ameqqran d Ccix Aḥeddad (1871)"
Ass n 10 mayyu 1945 yessuter seg tebratt i iceyyeɛ i Wegraw n tmura idduklen, ad nadin ɣef tidett n wayen yeḍran deg Lezzayer deg ineḍruyen n 08 mayyu 1945. Seg useggas n 1950 yessuget leqdic yerza nnig n 40 n tmura : Surya, Ṭṭurk, Swiss, Biljik, Hulland, Legliz… Yuɣal yerra tamuɣli-ines ar tmura n Asya yerza ar Lhend, Sɛudi, Pakistan, Sirilanka, Anduniz… deg useggas n 1952. Yal tamurt ar iɛeddi, ad imlil d imasayen-nsen, tugett n tmura-nni fkantt-d awal akken ad ɛiwnent Lezzayer bac ad tawi timunent.
Tebda tegrawla ass 01-11-1954, tadukli n imusnawen inselmen ur d tefki ara tamuɣli-ines. Ccix Lfuḍil d netta i yellan d aqerru n tdukli-ayi di Maser, iburk-itt ifka-d taɣuri ass n 02-11-1954 i wegdud ad yili yid-s "i yegrawliwen izzayriyen ass-a d tamettant niɣ d tudert". " Iḍ n 1 n wember 1954, llan-d nnig n 30 ineḍruyen di yal tamnaḍt n tmurt, si tilisa n Tunes ar tilisa n Umerruk, ama di temdint n Lezzayer, Bufarik, deg temdint n Iɛẓẓuzgen d Tizi Wezzu akk d tmurt n Leqbayel, si Buɣni, Delles ar Tubiret, si Burǧ Mnayel ar Tcentirt, llan-d daɣen di Qsenṭina, Tibesekert, di Wawras akk d Tbatnet."
Deg useggas n 1956, tella-d temlilit n 4 n tmura timeqranin di Ssewis (Marikan, Rrus, Legliz, Fransa), yura-asen tabratt inna-asen : "ilaq ad tafem tifrat i temsalt n Lezzayer, ad teǧǧem i wegdud ad yextir d wanwa ara yeddu wa ad tefkem timunent i Lezzayer akken itt-id tefka i tmura nniḍen". Mi yella di Lubnan, yerza ar tmurt n Ṭṭurk (tella deg ugraw n Aṭlasi) anda yessaweḍ ad d-yawi tamurt-a ar tama n tegrawla n tmurt-nneɣ wa ad t-id-ɛiwnen ad t-awi timunent. Yella daɣen deffir n usbeddi n "Ɛmer Uɛemran" d agensas n Lezzayer di tmurt-a.
Lawan-a yeṭṭef-it waṭṭan, imejjayen ssutren deg-s ad yeǧǧ niɣ ad isenqes seg leqdic-is, yugi ad iḥbes niɣ ad isenqes. Ɣur-s d tamurt-is i izwaren tizmert-is, almi d 12 di meɣres 1959 yewweḍ ar leɛfu n Rebbi deg tmurt n Turk.
D way i d Ccix Lfuḍil Awertilani yemmut ur iwala asirem-is wa ad yidir di Lezzayer tilellit. Ulac wid i t-id yemmektin, ɣas akken yefka tudert-is i tmurt-is nnig 30 iseggasen, yettwattun almi d 12 meɣres 1987 i t-id-yemmekti udabu-nneɣ, yerra-d tafekka-ines ar tmurt-is ɣer At Wertilan.[1]
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