Cikombelo ca Katolika lyoonse cilaangulukide kwaamba mulimo waco ngucaacita mukupindaula kkalenda. Babamba Nsabata mazubaano beezyeezya kuti Mujibelo njeyakali Nsabata yamu Bbaibbele, pele Cikombelo ca Katolika lwaco kunyina nocikakide mulimo ngucaacita mukukaka Nsabata iitobezya mwezi azuba yamu Bbaibbele akukulwaizya kukombela mubuzuba bwa dies Solis, buzuba bukombwa Zuba mbuli leza.
Imuzeezo ooyo wakazyila kumuswaangano wa Mbunga ya Nicea wakubikka ambali kkalenda lya Bbaibbele wakapegwa nguzu zizwa kuli Constantine. Bama bbishopo bakali kuyandisya kumwaya kufumbwa cibajatanya abu Juuda. Kucimwa buJuuda ncecakatonkela kumbele mulimo ooyo, mbuli mbokulibonya mutwaambo ntwaakaamba Constantine: “Tutabaa cintu nociceya cikonzyanya abantu bacima aaba [bama Juuda]. . . .”(1)
Patrick Madrid, mumubandi wasikapepele mu Mukazi maziba 5, 2006, wakaamba kaambo aaka:
Kwakaba kukosozya zyintu ziyandika kucitwa mu Cizuminano Cakale: milazyo yazipaizyo acizuminano ca Muusa cilailila bweelede kubambwa akukombela mu Nsabata kubelesya zipaizyo zyabanyama, azimwi mbuli zyeezyo. Balo bakali kuyanda kuti batondezye kuti buna Kristu buliimpene kuzwa kubu Juuda. Bwakazwa kubu Juuda, pele buliimpene kuzwa kuli mbubo. (2)
Mukukakatila kutondezya kwaandaana ooko, kuleka buyo kupindula kukomba mu Nsabata yabuzuba bwa ciloba kuya ku Nsondo iina Julius, pele woonse amapobwe aamwaka, aayo kusikila ciindi eeco aakacili kusekelelwa, akadadulwa akubikkwa mucibaka cangawo mapobwe aluulwa, aabukombi bwamituni, akwaapa mazina aaci Kristu akusanganya mazina mana Kristu.
Kutegwa bamvwanye Bakomba mituni abuna Kristu, Loma, katonkomene kutandila makanze aakwe, wakabweza ntaamo yakuswaanganya mapobwe aaBakomba mituni amapobwe aabana Kristu, alimwi, kwiinda mukupindaula akubambulula kkalenda cabunkutwe, eeci ticaali cintu cikatazya pe, kuswaanganya Bukombi bwa mituni abuna Kristu – nkaambo lino buna Kristu bwakabbide mukukomba zibumbwa. . .kuti bajatane mumaanza. (3)
T. Enright, bbishopo wa Cikombelo ca St.Alphonsus, wakasalqzya kwaamba kuti:
“Cakali Cikombelo ca Katolika eeco cakabamba mulawo wakuti toonse tutobele kubamba Nsondo akwiisetekanya. Icikombelo cakabikka mulawo ooyu muciindi Bbaibbele kalilembedwe kale. Aboobo ooyu mulawo tuujanwi mu Bbaibbele pe. Cikombelo ca Katolika tiicakamwaya buyo Nsabata, pele amapobwe oonse aamwi aabu Juuda. (4)
Mulugwalo ndweenya oolu, Enright wakasomba mali aasika ku $1000 “kuli yooyo uunga wanditondezya kuzwa mu Bbaibbele lilikke, kuti Ime mucinyonyoono cindicisa, ndeelede kubamba Nsondo akwiisetekanya.” Kunyina kudonaika kuti Cikombelo ca Katolika ncicaabikka ncobeni kucinca ooku:
Milawo, naa Mulawo . . .ooyo Wakalembwa amunwe ookwa Yahuwah atalaa mabwe aapapalele obile, ooyu mulawo wabulemu wakatambulwa kuzwa kuli Singuzuzyoonse a Muusa akataa mizumo a Mulundu wa Sinai. . .Kristu awalo wakainduluka kwaamba Milawo eeyi mubweende akataa bantu – yanda Yahuwah amweenzinyoko; Walo wakaambilizya kuti eeyi milawo iciliko mu Cizuminano ca Mulawo Mupya muli Mateyo, 19 amu Mulumbe waa Mulundu (Mateyo., 5). Walo wakiipandulula milawo eeyi nciiamba, . . .Cikombelo, kujanza limwi, nicaamana kucinca buzuba bwakulyookezya kuzwa ku Nsabata yabu Juuda, naa buzuba bwaciloba bwa mvwiki, kuya kubuzuba butaanzi, cakacinca Mulawo Watatu kuti waambe kuti Nsondo mbobuzuba bweelede kusetekanyigwa mbuli Buzuba bwa Simalelo. Mbunga yaku Trent (Mumuswaangano wane, cilembedwe 19) isinganya baabo boonse bakaka kuti Milawo ili kkumi iceelede kubambwa abana Kristu. (5)
Tacili cintu ciluleme kutamikizya ba Katolika baku Loma kuti mbampelenge kakuli lyoonse balaamba caantangalala kuti cikombelo cabo ncicaacinca buzuba bwakukomba kuya ku Nsondo. Citobela aawa ntwaambo twaba Katolika nobaamba cakusinizya kuti balo mbibaacinca kkalenda akusezyela bukombi kubuzuba bwa dies Solis:
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“Nsondo...nkulengelezya kwa Cikombelo ca Katolika cilikke.” American Catholic Quarterly Review January 1883.
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“Nsondo...mulawo wa Cikombelo ca Katolika cilikke...” American Sentinel (Catholic), June 1893.
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“Nsondo mulazyo wa Cikombelo ca Katolika alimwi iyeeme amilawo ya katolika...Kuzwa kumatalikilo kusikila kumamanino aa Mangwalo kunyina pe mpocaamba kuti buzuba bwakukomba mumvwiki bweelede kusezyelwa kubuzuba bucaalizya bwamvwiki kuya kubutaanzi.” Catholic Press, Sydney, Australia 1900.
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“Basikukazya bayeeya kuti mulimo wabo kusetekanya Nsondo. Nkaambo nzi? Nkaambo Cikombelo ca Katolika mbocibaambila kuti bacite oobo. Kunyina akaambo kamwi nkobajisi...Kubamba Nsondo kuboolela mumulawo wa bupaizi wiindene ayooyo mulawo wabulemu wakubamba Nsabata. . .Ooyo wakabamba mulawo wa Nsondo. . .ncikombelo ca Nsondo.” Ecclesiatical Review, February 1914.
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Nkaambo kakuti ooku kucinca kwaacitika kaindi loko, bantu bamazubaano bakaluba kale twaambo twaacitika mumisela yakainda. Ncintu citakonzyeki kujana Nsabata ya Bbaibbele yamasimpe kubelesya kkalenda lyabakomba mituni; aboobo, Mujibelo tamukonzyi kuba Nsabata yakasimpe pe. Kabatazyi kasimpe aaka, bantu babamba Nsabata ya Mujibelo beezyeezya kuti Mujibelo nje Nsabata eeyo yaagwisyigwa bukombi. Ncobeni kuli ziindi zinjaanji balembi ba Katolika nobaambilizya kuti Mujibelo ni “Nsabata”:
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“Ncobeni Cikombeli ca Katolika citaminina kuti kucinca (Nsabata ya Mujibelo kuya ku Nsondo) waali mucito waco... Alimwi eeci ncecitondezyo canguzu zyaco zyabupaizi mumakani aabupaizi.” H. F. Thomas, Cancellor of Cardinal Gibbons.
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Nsondo yakajaninwa, kutali a Mangwalo, pele azilengwa zyabantu, alimwi mulazyo wini wa Katolika. Mbuli mbokunyina Mangwalo aamba kusezyela buzuba bucaalizya kuya kubuzuba butaanzi bwa mvwiki, Basikukazya beelede kubamba Nsabata Mujibelo akusiya ba Katolika kabajisi Nsondo yabo.” Catholic Record, September 17, 1893.
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Busikukazya, mukukaka nguzu zya [Cikombelo ca Loma), tabajisi kaambo ncobatobela muzeezo wa Nsondo, alimwi beelede kubamba Mujibelo kuti nje Nsabata.” John Gilmary Shea American Catholic Quarterly Review, January 1883.
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“Ndiza cintu cipati, nkucinca kupati ooko nkucaacita Cikombelo, kwakacitika mumusela mutaanzi. Buzuba busetekene, bwa Nsabata, bwakacincwa kuzwa Mujibelo kuya mu Nsondo. “Buzuba bwa Simalelo” bwakasalwa, kuleka kulaililwa kuli koonse kuzwa mu Mangwalo, pele kutobela Cikombelo munguzu zyaco cini... aabo bantu bayeeya kuti Mangwalo ayelede kuba alaa nguzu zilikke, beelede kuba bantu Balangila kuboola babuzuba bwa ciloba, akusetekanya buzuba bwa Mujibelo.” St Catherine Church Sentinel algonac, Michigan, may 21, 1995.
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“Hena muna Kristu uli oonse tayelede kusalazya Nsondo akuleka milimo yakwe mubuzuba oobo? Hena kubamba mulawo ooyu tacili akataa milimo yesu iisetekene? Pele kuti mwabala Bbaibbele kuzwa ku Matalikilo kusikila ku Ciyubunuzyo, tamukonzyi kujana mulongo wamabala nuuba omwe uupa nguzu zyakusetekanya Nsondo. Mangwalo akulwaizya kubamba Mujibelo, oobo buzuba iswe mbotutasetekanyi pe.” James Cardinal Gibbons, The Faith of Our Fathers (1917 edition),p. 72-72 (16th Edition, p. 111; 88th Edition, p. 89).
Mbuli tusimpe twamisela mbotulubidwe kale abantu banji, ba Katolika bakabelesya bbala lya mvwiki yazilengwa leza eeli (“Mujibelo”), nkabela akuletelezya lweeno. Alimwi kuboneka aanga balembi ba Katolika lwabo beni tabazyi zyaacitika zyoonse mumusela zijatikizya mvwiki yamazubaano. Basicikolo bana Katolika lyoonse balizyi kasimpe nokuba boobo. Mbuli sicikolo muna Katolika uuzyi zintu zinji Patrick Madrid wakati:
“Ikkalenda ndyotutobela, kusanganya a Balangila Kuboola mubuzuba bwa Ciloba, talisyi buyo kkalenda lyaabikkwa a Cikombelo ca Katolika, pele ndikkalenda liyeeme abweende bwa zuba kutali bweende bwa mwezi. Alimwi kkalenda lyaba Juuda eelyo lyakali kutobelwa mucindi ca Kristu. . . litobelezya mwezi, ndifwaafwi kwamazuba ongaye kuli lyeelo litobelezya zuba. Aboobo, cintu cikopa ncakuti abalo Balangila Kuboola mu Buzuba bwa Ciloba tabakombi mubuzuba bwa Nsabata mbuli bwaali kukomba bama Juuda muciindi ca Kristu. (6)
Kakwiindide misela minjaanji, alimwi tusimpe twamisela katulubidwe, Mujibelo mwakalangikaanga nje Nsabata yabuzuba bwa ciloba. Aboobo, eelyo kkalenda lina Juliyasi nilyaasinikizyigwa abana Kristu kuti balitobele mumakani aabupaizi, kunyina kuciindi eeco wakakopwa kuti buzuba bwa dies Saturni mbuzuba bwa Sabbato. Boonse bakalizyi kuti kwakali nzila zyobile zyakubala mazuba zitobelezya makkalenda obile aayimpene. Cimwi cintu ceebeka ncabuzuba bwa “Mujibelo” oobo bwakabikkwa mucibaka ca “Nsabata” mbuli mbokujanwa mumalembe aa Mbunga ya Laodicea.
Kakwiindide kulembwa kwa mulazyo wa Nicæa, bana Kristu baciindi cabaapositolo bakaya kumbele kukomba akutobelezya kkalenda litobezya mwezi-azuba. Mbunga ya Laodicea yakaswaangana mumyaka makumi one kuti iletelezye “Buzuba bwa Simalelo” mucibaaka ca Nsabata iitobelezya mwezi.
Kutegwa bamanizye kucita makanze aabo, kwakayandika kuti cikombelo cibikke mulawo uulesya akutazandula uli oonse uubamba Nsabata kutegwa cilesye kukazyana kupati kunga kwaba [amakani aakukombela mu Nsondo]. Aboobo lino. . . “mulawo wabulemu” wa Constantine ambunga ya Nicaea wakati “kunyina” cintu “ciceelede kukonzyana acaba Juuda,” ooyo nguwakaba musemo wakubikka mulawo wakudyaaminina akutobela Nsabata ya Simalelo, alimwi akubikka kutobela Nsondo mucibaka cayo. (7)
Mulazyo 29 wambunga ya Laodicea wakali kwaamba kuti:
'Bana Kristu tabeelede kutobela buJuuda akubula cakucita Mujibelo, pele beelede kubeleka mubuzuba oobo; pele mubuzuba bwa Simalelo mbobeelede kulemenezya, mbuli bana Kristu, bweelede kuba , kuti kacikonzyeka, bataciti mulimo uli oonse mubuzuba oobo. Nokuba boobo, kuti bajanwa kabatobela buJuuda, beelede kusinkilwa kuti batasiki kuli Kristu.
Bbishopo wa Katolika kuLoma, Karl Josef von Hefele (1809-1893), wakati ibbala lya “Mujibelo” lipedwe buyo muzilembedwe mazubaano. Von Hefele wakali muntu wakaalaa nguzu mukusala mabala aakabelesyegwa mu Muswaangano waku Laodicea. Sicikolo waku German, mwiiyi alimwi syaazyibwene wazya Musela wa Cikombelo, wakaiya kucikolo ca University lya Tϋbingen. Cimwi ncaakalemba cakalaa mutwe wakuti History of the Councils of the Church from the Original Documents. Mbuli Bbishopo asyaazyibwene, wakalaa nzila yakusika aakalembedwe Mangwalo mataanzi muziyobwedo zyaku Vatican!
Kujatikizya bwakaamba Von Hefele, ibbala litaanzi lyakabelesyedwe muci Giliki amuci Latini lyakali “Sabbath.” Ibbala lya “anathema” (uusingidwe”) lyakali kubelesyegwa mucibaka ca “kusinkila”. Aboobo malembe aaci Latini taajisi mabala aa dies Saturni (Mujibelo) pele abelesya buyo bbala lya Sabbato, naa “Sabbath”
Ansi aawa kuli mabala aaci Latini:
Quod non oportet Christianos Judaizere et otiare in Sabbato, sed operari in eodem die. Preferentes autem in veneratione Dominicum diem si vacre voluerint, ut Christiani hoc faciat; quod si reperti fuerint Judaizere Anathema sint a Christo.
Atwiinduluke caambwa aawa: Bana Kristu muciindi cakucinca kkalenda tibaazingidwe amakani aa Mujibelo kuti ni Nsabata. Boonse bakalizyi kuti buzuba bwa dies Saturni bwakasezyegwa kuzwa kubutaanzi bwa kkalenda lya bukombi bwa mituni kuya buzuba bucaalizya mumvwiki ya bukombi bwa mituni, akusiya buzuba bwa Sabbato bwaciloba butobezya mwezi-azuba bwa kkalenda lyaba Juuda kakunyina uuli mubulelo uuyanda kubutabilila. Alimwi, aaya akali mazuba aayindene obile aajanwa mumakkalenda obile aayimpene.
Eusebius waku Caesarea, mulembi wamusela wacikombelo ooyo wakapona mumazuba ngeenya a Constantine, wakaamba kanjikanji zintu zijatikizya kucinca kkalenda muciindi eeco. Kusyomwa kuti wakali mupaizi ooyo wakabbizya Constantine kaindi kasyoonto katana kufwa. Kumatalikilo amuswaanganao wa Nicaea, Eusebius wakakkede kululyo lwa Constantine alimwi wakapa mulumbe uujuzya muswaangano ooyo. (8) Eusebius wakasalazya kuti kusumpulwa kwa buzuba bwa dies Solis atalaa buzuba bwa Sabbato bwaba Juuda kutali atalaa buzuba bwa dies Saturni.
Zintu zyoonse zyakali kuyandika kucitwa mu Nsabata, zyakalonzyelwa kubuzuba bwa Simalelo, kuti mpozyeelede kubeda, alimwi ncecintu ciinda kulemenena kwiinda Nsabata yabu Juuda.(9)
Mpaaciindi eeco Sylvester I, bbishopo waku Loma mu Muswaangano waku Nicaea, naakasoleka kwiituluka mazina aamvwiki yabukombi bwamituni kubelesya mazina aamvwiki yamu Bbaibbele. “Ooyu wakali musela wa Constantine Mupati, eelyo ciimo ca Cikombelo eeci nicaasumpuka kapati, alimwi kucinca kwamusyobo ooyu kwaalibonya kapati mumunzi wa Loma.” (10)
Bakatolika, kabazyi bwini kuti kunyina kaambo mu Bbaibbele ncobeelede kukombela mu Nsondo, bakabona kuti Basikukazya kunyina mpobaimvwi abalo pe.
- “Eeci nciibalusyo kuli ba Presbyterian, ba Baptist, ba Methodist, abana Kristu bamwi, kuti Ibbaibbele kunyina pe anolibatabilide mukukombela mu Nsondo kwabo. Nsondo mulazyo wa Cikombelo ca Katolika caku Loma, alimwi aabo babamba buzuba oobo batobela mulawo wa Cikombelo ca Katolika.” Mupaizi Brady, kapa mulumbe wakalembwa mubbuku The News, Elizabeth, New Jersey, Miyoba 18, 1903.
- “Hena Iswe Tulalemeka a Kupa bulemu Mukusetekanya buzuba bwa Nsondo? Kuzwa muli ceeci tulakonzya kuteelela mbozibede bupati nguzu zya cikombelo mukusandulwida nokuba kupandulwida ndiswe milawo ya Yahuwah-nguzu zizuminwa abuna Kristu boonse anyika, nobaba baabo balyaamba kuti Mangwalo alikke ngaalela lusyomo lwabo, nkaambo kakuti babamba buzuba bwa Nsondo kulyookezya kutali bwa ciloba bwa mvwiki oobo mbolilailila Bbaibbele. Oobo mbotuzyi swebo kuti mbobweelede kusetekanyigwa, kuzyila buyo mucilengwa akuyiisya kwa Cikombelo ca Katolika.” Henry Gibson Catechism Made Easy, #2, 9th edition, vol. 1, pp. 341-342.
- “Cakali Cikombelo ca Katolika eeco...cakasezyela buzuba bwakulyookezya kuya ku Nsondo mukwiibalusya kubuka kuzwa kubafu kwa Simalelo wesu. Aboobo kubamba Nsondo nkobacita Basikukazya kulemekezya nkobatupeda, nokuba kuti balatukazya lwabo, inguzu zya [Katolika baku Loma] cikombelo.” Monsignor Louis Segur, Plain Talk About the Protestantism of Today, 1868, p. 213.
- “Basikukazya...bazumina Nsondo kuleka Mujibelo kuti mbobuzuba bwakukomba abantu boonse kuzwa leelyo Cikombelo ca Katolika nicaacinca buzuba oobo...Pele muzeezo wa Basikukazya tuuyibalukide kuti...mukubamba Nsondo, batambula nguzu zyamwaambilizi wa cikombelo, Poopo.” Our Sunday Visitor, Mulumi 15, 1950.
- “Cikombelo ca [Katolika] ncicaacinca kubamba Nsabata kuya ku Nsondo kwiinda munguzu zyaco zitalubili, nzyicaapegwa amusololi waco, Jeesu Kristu. Sikukazya nataminina kuti Bbaibbele lilikke ndelisolweda lusyomo lwakwe, takwe mpaimina eelyo nabamba Nsondo.” The Catholic Universe Bulletin, Kasangalubwi 14, 1942, p. 4.
Muna Katolika uusyoma kuti Kristu wakabusyigwa mu Nsondo ulilondokede kwiinda Sikukazya uubamba-Nsondo uutaminina kuti zyoonse nzyasyoma zyizwa mu Bbaibbele alimwi mu Bbaibbele lilikke. Ba Katolika babikkide zilengwa amilawo yaba poopo babo kumbele lya Bbaibbele, aboobo kunyina kudonaika muli mbabo mukusyoma kuti Nsondo mbobuzuba bwa kubuka kuzwa kubafu. Kuli mbabo, kasimpe ncilengwa cili coonse ncaamba kuti batobele poopo wabo.
Nokubaboobo, Sikukazya uusinganya ba Katolika nkaambo kakuti batobela zilengwa kutali Bbaibbele, pele walo kacikombela mu Nsondo, nguuindide kutalulama. Kuya kumbele, ba Juuda abakomba Mujibelo batonkomene kwaamba kuti Buzuba Bululeme Bwini, bunyina makani pe kuli Yahuwah, kwamana boobo kababamba buzuba bwa ciloba bujanwa kubelesya kkalenda lyabukombi bwa mituni, kkalenda lyamazuba aaitwa mazina aamituni, aaba mbabaindide ali boonse kupyopyongana! Kuti nicali cintu ciyandika kapati kukombela mubuzuba bwa Nsabata yamasimpe, nkabela kkalenda lyakumatalikilo, eelyo ndyaakabikka Yahuwah kumalengelo, lyeelede kubelesyegwa kujana buzuba oobo Nsabata niisika.
Eelyo twaambo twamisela tujatikizya kkalenda lina Juliyasi notuteelelwa, cilakonzyeka kubonwa kuti Nsondo tiili buyo buzuba bwakukomba bulikke bujanwa kubelesya kkalenda lyamituni. Mujibelo, dies Saturni, buzuba bwakali butaanzi akkalenda lyamituni, mbuzuba butaluleme kutobelwa kuti niNsabata yamu Bbaibbele.
Kuli
kaambyo kansiku kaamba kuti: “Ooyo weendelezya kkalenda, nguuyendelezya nyika.”
Nguni uukweendelezya webo? Buzuba mbosalide kukomba, oobo bujanwa mukubelesya
kkalenda ndyobelesya, buyubununa leza ooyo webo ngokomba.
(1) Heinrich Graetz, History of the Jews, (Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1893), Vol. II, pp. 563-564.
(2) Patrick Madrid, comments on “Open Line,” EWTN, Global Catholic Radio Network, January 5, 2006.
(3) Alexander Hislop, The Two Babylons, (New Jersey: Loizeaux Brothers, 1959), p.105, emphasis supplied.
(4) Letter by T. Enright, Bishop of St. Alphonsus Church, St. Louis, Missouri, June, 1905, emphasis supplied.
(5) Charles George Herbermann, Knights of Columbus Catholic Truth Committee, The Catholic Encyclopedia, (Harvard University: Encyclopedia Press, 1908), p. 153, emphasis supplied.
(6) Patrick Madrid on “Open Line,” EWTN, Global Catholic Radio Network, January 5, 2006. To read or hear Madrid’s comments in their entirety, please visit: 4angelspublications.com/articles/catholic_scholar.php.
(7) A. T. Jones, The Two Republics, (Ithaca, Michigan: A. B. Publishing, Inc., n.d.), p. 321, emphasis supplied.
(8) Catholic Encyclopedia, “Eusebius of Caesarea,” www.NewAdvent.org.
(9) Eusebius, Commentary on the Psalms, Psalm 91 (Psalm 92 in the A.V.), in J. P. Migne, Patrologia Graeca, Vol. 23, column 1172, author’s translation, as quoted in R. L. Odom, Sunday Sacredness in Roman Paganism,Review & Herald Publ. Assoc., 1944, p. 141.
(10) “Pope Sylvester I” (d. December 31, 335), Catholic Encyclopedia, www.newadvent.org.
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