A5
Izina lya Leza mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki
Basyaazibwene balazumina kuti mabala aaya (יהוה) one aamba zina lya Leza limugeme, alajanika ziindi zitandila ku 7,000 mumalembe aakusaanguna aa Magwalo aa Chihebrayo. Nokuba boobo, ibanji bayeeya kuti tanaakalimo pe mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki. Akaambo kaceeci, mubusanduluzi bwama Bbaibbele manji aamazuba aano, izina lyakuti Jehova talijaniki pe mucibeela ciitwa kuti Cizuminano Cipya. Noliba leelyo nobazubulula Magwalo aa Chihebrayo oomo mwaajanika mabala one aamba zina lya Leza, basanduluzi banji babelesya zina lyabulemu lyakuti “Mwami” muciindi cazina lya Leza limugeme.
Cilengwa eeci tiicakatobelwa pe mu Bbaibbele lya Busanduluzi Bwanyika Mpya. Mu Bbaibbele eeli, izina lyakuti Jehova lilibelesyedwe ziindi zili 237 mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki. Nobakali kusala kucita boobo, basanduluzi bakabikkila maano kutwaambo ootu tobilo tuyandika kapati: (1) Malembe aa Chigiriki ngotujisi lino taali aakusaanguna pe. Akati kazyuulu-zyuulu zyamakkopi aaliko sunu, manji akapangwa kakwiindide kale myaanda yamyaka yobilo kuzwa ciindi naakalembwa malembe aakusaanguna. (2) Kuciindi eeco, aabo ibakali kukkopolola malembe bakali kubikka zina lyabulemu lya Chigiriki lyakuti Kyʹri·os, nkokuti “Mwami,” mubusena oomo imwakali mabala one aamba zina lya Leza, naa bakali kukkopolola magwalo kuzwa kumalembe aakalembedwe kale zina eeli lyabulemu.
Iba New World Bible Translation Committee bakabona kuti kuli bumboni busalede bwakuti mabala one aamba zina lya Leza akaliko ncobeni mumalembe aakusaanguna aa Chigiriki. Ntootu twaambo itwakapa kuti baakosole boobu makani:
Makkopi aa Magwalo aa Chihebrayo aakali kubelesyegwa mumazuba aa Jesu abaapostolo bakwe akajisi mabala one aamba zina lya Leza mumalembe oonse. Kaindi bantu bamwi bakali kukakazya kaambo aaka. Pele lino mbokunga ku Qumran kwakajanwa makkopi aa Magwalo aa Chihebrayo aamumwaanda wamyaka wakusaanguna, kaambo aaka kasinizyigwa kuti nkamasimpe, takali kakubeja pe.
Mumazuba aa Jesu abaapostolo bakwe, mabala one aamba zina lya Leza akaliko amubusanduluzi bwa Chigiriki bwa Magwalo aa Chihebrayo. Kwamyaanda yamyaka, basyaazibwene bakali kuyeeya kuti mabala one aamba zina lya Leza tanaakaliko mumalembe aabusanduluzi bwa Greek Septuagint bwa Magwalo aa Chihebrayo. Mpoonya, akati-kati kamwaanda wamyaka wa 20, basyaazibwene bakazoobona zibeela-beela zimwi zyakaindi kapati zyamalembe aabusanduluzi bwa Greek Septuagint ibwakaliko mumazuba aa Jesu. Zibeela-beela eezyo izijisi zina lya Leza, zyakalembedwe mumabala aa Chihebrayo. Aboobo, mumazuba aa Jesu, makkopi aa Magwalo aa Chigiriki akalijisi zina lya Leza. Nokuba boobo, kuzoosika mumwaanda wamyaka wane C.E., malembe mapati-mapati aa Greek Septuagint, mbuli Codex Vaticanus alimwi a Codex Sinaiticus, tanaakajisi zina lya Leza kuzwa kubbuku lya Matalikilo kusikila kubbuku lya Malaki (oomo molyakabede mumalembe aamusyule). Aboobo, tacigambyi pe kuti mumalembe aakabambwa kuzwa ciindi eeco, izina lya Leza talijaniki mucibeela camu Bbaibbele iciitwa kuti Cizuminano Cipya, naa Magwalo aa Chigiriki.
Cakutainda mumbali Jesu wakaamba kuti: “Ndaboola muzina lya Taata.” Alimwi wakakankaizya kwaamba kuti milimo yakwe wakaicita ‘muzina lya Usyi’
Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki aamba kuti Jesu ziindi zinji wakali kulyaamba zina lya Leza alimwi wakalizyibya kubantu. (Johane 17:6, 11, 12, 26) Cakutainda mumbali Jesu wakaamba kuti: “Ndaboola muzina lya Taata.” Alimwi wakakankaizya kwaamba kuti milimo yakwe wakaicita ‘muzina lya Usyi.’—Johane 5:43; 10:25.
Mbokunga Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki ncibeela camagwalo aakasololelwa amuuya uusalala iciyungizyidwe ku Magwalo aa Chihebrayo aasetekene, ikugwisya zina lya Jehova mumalembe aaya inga tiiceelela. Akati-kati kamwaanda wamyaka wakusaanguna C.E., sikwiiya Jakobo wakaambila baalu mu Jerusalemu kuti: “Simiyoni wapandulula cakusalazya Leza kwaciindi cakusaanguna mbwaakababikkila maano bamasi kuti mulimbabo ajane bantu bazina lyakwe.” (Milimo 15:14) Inga tiiceelela pe kuli Jakobo ikwaamba boobu ikuti naa kunyina naba omwe mumwaanda wamyaka wakusaanguna iwakalizyi naa iwakali kubelesya zina lya Leza.
Izina lya Leza lilajanika mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki kalilembedwe mubufwaafwi. Mulugwalo lwa Ciyubunuzyo 19:1, 3, 4, 6, izina lya Leza lilibikkilizyidwe mubbala lyakuti “Aleluya.” Bbala eeli lizwa kumajwi aa Chihebrayo aalo aamba kuti “Amumutembaule Ja.” “Ja” nkufwiinsyigwa kwazina lyakuti Jehova. Mazina manji aabelesyegwa mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki akazwa kuzina lya Leza. Alimwi buya, mabbuku amwi aakuvwuntauzizya aamba kuti izina lyakuti Jesu lyaamba kuti “Jehova Ndufwutuko.”
Malembe aakusaanguna aaba Juda atondezya kuti Banakristo ba Juda bakali kulibelesya zina lya Leza mumalembe aabo. Ibbuku lyamilawo yakulabika lyakuti Tosefta ilyakamanizyigwa kulembwa cakuma 300 C.E., lyaamba boobu kujatikizya malembe aa Banakristo aakali kuumpwa mu Sabata: “Mabbuku aa Bakambausi amabbuku aaba minim [ibayeeyelwa kuti Mbanakristo ba Juda] balaawumpa mumulilo. Baalekela kupya oomo mwaabede, alo alimwi azina lya Leza lyaambidwe mumo.” Bbuku ndimunya eeli lizubulula Mufwundisi muna Galilaya Yosé, iwakapona kumatalikilo aamwaanda wamyaka wabili C.E., kuti mumazuba aambi aamvwiki, “balatenda kabeela kalembedwe zina lya Leza mulingawo [ambweni mumalembe aa Banakristo] akukayobola, mpoonya izyacaala zilaumpwa.”
Basikwiiya zyamu Bbaibbele bamwi baamba kuti izina lya Leza kuboneka kuti lyakaliko mukuzubululwa kwa Magwalo aa Chihebrayo ikuli mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki. Ansi amutwe wakuti “Mabala One Aamba Zina lya Leza mu Cizuminano Cipya,” ibbuku lipandulula mabala lyakuti Anchor Bible Dictionary lyaamba kuti: “Kuli bumboni ibutondezya kuti mabala one aamba zina lya Leza, Yahweh, akaliko mukuzubululwa kumwi naa koonse buyo kwa Cizuminano Cakaindi mu Cizuminano Cipya ciindi malembe aa Cizuminano Cipya naakalembwa kumatalikilo.” Syaazibwene George Howard wakaamba kuti: “Mbwaanga mabala one aamba zina lya Leza akaciliko mumakkopi aa Bbaibbele lya Chigiriki [Septuagint], nkokuti mu Magwalo aacikombelo cakusaanguna, cililuzi kusyoma kuti ciindi balembi ba Cizuminano Cipya nobakali kuzubulula Magwalo bakali kwaabikkilizya mabala one aamba zina lya Leza mulugwalo lwamu Bbaibbele ndobazubulula.”
Basanduluzi ba Bbaibbele ibasyomwa bakalibelesya zina lya Leza mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki. Ibamwi akati kabasanduluzi aaba bakacita oobo kaindi kalitanamwaigwa Bbaibbele lya Busanduluzi Bwanyika Mpya. Basanduluzi aaba ama Bbaibbele ngobakasandulula mbaaba: A Literal Translation of the New Testament . . . From the Text of the Vatican Manuscript, aba Herman Heinfetter (1863); The Emphatic Diaglott, aba Benjamin Wilson (1864); The Epistles of Paul in Modern English, aba George Barker Stevens (1898); St Paul’ s Epistle to the Romans, aba W. G. Rutherford (1900); The New Testament Letters, aba J.W.C. Wand, ba Bbishopo baku London (1946). Kuyungizya waawo, mubusanduluzi bwamuci Spanish bwakumatalikilo aamwaanda wamyaka wa 20, musanduluzi wazina lya Pablo Besson wakabelesya zina lyakuti “Jehová” kuli Luka 2:15 akuli Juda 14, alimwi mubupanduluzi buyungizyidwe butandila ku 100 mubusanduluzi bwakwe upa muzeezo wakuti oobu mbolyeelede kulembwa zina lya Leza. Kaindi kaatanasandululwa ma Bbaibbele aaya, ma Bbaibbele aa Chihebrayo aa Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki kuzwa mumwaanda wamyaka wa 16 kuyakumbele akajisi mabala one aamba zina lya Leza muzibeela zinji. Mumwaambo waku German imwalo, busanduluzi busiyene-siyene bwa Bbaibbele ibuli 11 bujisi zina lyakuti “Jehova” (naa “Yahweh” kweelana akutobelezya mabala aa Chihebrayo) mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki, mpoonya basanduluzi bone babikkilizya zina lya Leza mumabbulakketi kumbele aabbala lyakuti “Mwami.” Mubusanduluzi bwiindene-indene bwama Bbaibbele aamumwaambo waku German ibwiinda ku 70, kubelesyedwe zina lya Leza mubupanduluzi buyungizyidwe naa mubupanduluzi bwamakani.
Ma Bbaibbele aakasandululwa mumyaambo yiinda ku 100 ajisi zina lya Leza mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki. Myaambo minji yamu Africa, yakumasi aaku America, ku Europe, akunsumbu zyamulwaanje lwa Pacific ilabelesya zina lya Leza cakwaanguluka. (Amubone mulongo uuli amapeeji 2058 kusikila ku 2059.) Basanduluzi bama Bbaibbele aaya bakasala kubelesya zina lya Leza akaambo katwaambo tukozyenye atootu twaambwa atala aawa. Ma Bbaibbele aaya amwi aabusanduluzi bwa Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki ngaino-ino, mbuli Bbaibbele lya Rotuman (lyamu 1999), imubelesyedwe zina lyakuti “Jihova” ziindi zili 51 mutupango 48, alya Batak (Toba) (lyamu 1989) lyaku Indonesia, imubelesyedwe zina lyakuti “Jahowa” ziindi zili 110.
Cakutadooneka, kuli twaambo tumvwika izina lya Leza lyakuti Jehova ncolyeelede kupilusyigwa mu Magwalo aa Banakristo aa Chigiriki. Eeci ncencico ncobakacita basanduluzi ba Bbaibbele eeli lya Busanduluzi Bwanyika Mpya. Balalilemeka kapati zina lya Leza alimwi tabayandi kugwisya cintu cili coonse icakali mumalembe aakusaanguna.—Ciyubunuzyo 22:18, 19.
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