MAKANI AAYEEME AMUTWE UULI ACIVWUMBYO
Nkondo Iyakacinca Zintu Munyika
Myaka ili 100 iyainda, mamiliyoni aabakubusi bakazwa mumaanda aabo imwakali luumuno akuunka kunkondo. Bakaunka cakuyandisisya, nkaambo bakali kuyungana kuti baiminine cisi cabo. Similimo wakuliyandila umwi waku America mu 1914 wakaamba kuti: “Ndilikkomene kapati kujatikizya mazuba mabotu aboola kumbele.”
Pele kalitanalampa, lukkomano lwabo lwakacinca, zintu zyakabija. Kunyina wakalizyi kuti basikalumamba banji cakali kuyoobakatazya kulwana cisi ca Belgium a France. Aciindi eeci, nkondo eeyi, bantu bakayiita kuti “Nkondo Mpati.” Mazuba aano, nkondo eeyi twiizyi kuti ninkondo yakusaanguna yanyika yoonse.
Kuli bantu banji bakafwa naa kupenga akaambo kankondo yakusaanguna yanyika yoonse. Kwaambwa kuti bantu bali 10 miliyoni bakafwa alimwi bali 20 miliyoni bakalicisa kapati. Eeci cakacitika akaambo kakulubizya kupati. Balupati-pati mutwaambo twacisi baku Europe bakaalilwa kulesya mazwanga aakaliko akati kazisi kuti ataindili kubija akutalisya nkondo. Kwiinda zyoonse, “Nkondo Mpati” eeyi yakapa kuti nyika inyonyooke kapati. Yakacinca nyika munzila iitujatikizya naaba mazuba aano.
KULUBIZYA IKWAKAPA KUTI KUTABI KUSYOMANA
Nkondo yakusaanguna yanyika yoonse, yakatalika akaambo kakuti zintu tiizyakeenda mbuli mbozyakali kuyeeyelwa. Bbuku litegwa The Fall of the Dynasties—The Collapse of the Old Order 1905-1922 lipandulula kuti: “Zintu nzyobakali kusala kucita balupati-pati bamu Europe tiibakalizyi kuti bakali kupanga ndeke iitauluki kusikila nozyakacinca zintu mu 1914.”
Kalitanalampa, kujaigwa kwamwami waku Australia kwakapa kuti zisi zipati-pati zyamu Europe zitalike kulwana nokuba kuti tiizyakali kuyanda kucita boobo. Muleli wacisi ca German naakabuzyigwa kuti aambe mbocakacitika eeci, wakaingula cakutyompwa akwaamba kuti: “Haa, ccita naa inga caambwa buti.”
Balupati-pati tiibakalizyi cakali kuyootobela akaambo kakuteendelezya kabotu twaambo, kwalo ikwakasololela kunkondo. Pele basikalumamba ibakali mumifwolo yaansi bakazyiba cakali kucitika. Bakazyiba kuti basololi babo bakaalilwa, basololi bazikombelo bakabacenga alimwi akuti bapati-pati babasikalumamba bakabaaba. Munzila nzi?
Balupati-pati mutwaambo twacisi bakasyomezya kuti inkondo yakali kuyoopa kuti zintu munyika zibote. Muleli wacisi ca German wakali kwaambilizya kuti: “Tulwanina kuti twiibone micelo yamilimo yesu yaluumuno, lukono lwesu lwakaindi alimwi azyakumbele.” Awalo muleli waku America, ba Woodrow Wilson bakagwasilizya mukutalisya majwi aakazyibidwe kapati aakuti nkondo yakali “kuyoopa kuti munyika cikonzyeke kuba amfwulumende zyeendelezyegwa kweelana anzyobayanda balelwa.” Alimwi mu Britain, bantu bakali kuyeeya kuti “nkondo eeyi yakali kuyoopa kuti kutakabi nkondo alimwi.” Boonse tiibakaluzi.
Basololi bazikombelo bakagwasilizya munkondo eeyi caluyandisisyo. Bbuku litegwa The Columbia History of the World lyaamba kuti “Aaba basololi ibakeelede kuyiisya bantu Bbaibbele bakakulwaizya bantu kuunka kunkondo”. Abalo basizikombelo bakapa kuti kube kutamvwana akati kabantu muciindi cakucesya mazwanga. Bbuku limwi litegwa A History of Christianity lyaamba kuti: “Basololi bazikombelo tiibakacikonzya alimwi tiibakali kuyanda kubikka lusyomo lwa Bunakristo ambele akwiiminina cisi cabo. Banji bakacuubya-ubya alimwi akubona kuti Bunakristo cakaleelene akwiiminina cisi. Basikalumamba Banakristo bamuzikombelo zyoonse bakaambilwa kuti kabajayana muzina lya Mufwutuli wabo.”
Balupati-pati babasikalumamba bakali kusyomezya kuti cakali kuyoouba-uba kuzunda munkondo, pele tiicakacitika. Kalitanalampa basikalumamba ibakali kulwana, zyakeembela beelene. Mpoonya, mamiliyoni aabasikalumamba bakacitikilwa ceeco ncapandulula sikulemba zyakaindi umwi iwakaamba kuti “ambweni eeci ncecintu calunya kwiinda zyoonse muntu ncaakaliyumya kumubili alimwi amumizeezo.” Nokuba kuti bakasweekelwa kapati, balupati-pati babasikalumamba bakazumanana kutuma basikalumamba mumasena aakasinkilidwe amabbabbudi waya alimwi ikwakali kulila ntobolo cakutaleka. Aboobo, tiicakagambya ciindi basikalumamba banji nibakaleka kubamvwida balupati-pati babo.
Ino mbuti nkondo yakusaanguna yanyika yoonse mboyakabajatikizya bantu? Sikulemba zyakaindi umwi, wakaamba boobu kujatikizya nzyaakaamba syaazibwene umwi: “Nkondo . . . yakanyonganya mizeezo alimwi akulilemeka kwabantu bakapona aciindi eeco.” Ncobeni, akaambo kankondo eeyi, ibweendelezi bwa bantu bwakazimaana. Nkondo eeyi yakali ngematalikilo aakutika kwabulowa kubyaabi bantu nkobatanabwene mumwaanda wamyaaka wa 20. Micito yakuyanda kucinca zintu mumfwulumende yakavwula kapati, abalo babelesi banji bakali kucita mazwanga.
Nkaambo nzi nkondo ncoyakacinca boobu zintu munyika? Sena eeci cakalicitikila buyo? Sena bwiinguzi kumibuzyo eeyi kuli ncobutwaambila kujatikizya buumi bwesu mbobuyooba kumbele?
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