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Verbum et Ecclesia
versión On-line ISSN 2074-7705
versión impresa ISSN 1609-9982
Verbum Eccles. (Online) vol.34 no.1 Pretoria ene. 2013
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ditlhohlo te Malutere a Borwa bja Afrika a lebanego nato
The challenges facing Lutherans in South(ern) Africa
Elelwani B. Farisani
Department of Biblical and Ancient Studies, University of South Africa, South Africa
ABSTRACT
This article seeks to discuss what the future appears to hold for Lutheranism in South Africa. In order to do this, it is important to look at the past through the history and involvement of Lutheranism in South Africa. This will show the strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and opportunities for Lutheran theology and the Lutheran churches in South Africa in relation to Lutheranism in its global context. Accordingly the article starts off by providing a brief history of Lutheranism in South Africa, examining the role of missionaries from Germany, Norway and Sweden in establishing Lutheranism in South Africa. The article also looks at how apartheid divided the faithful along racial lines, thereby pointing to the challenges, weaknesses, as well as the strengths of the mission of Lutheran churches in this part of Africa. It then moves on to discuss some challenges before Lutheranism in South Africa today. Some of the challenges discussed in this article are as follows: (1) efforts to unite the Black and White Lutherans have so far not succeeded, (2) the role of Lutheran theological education in equipping ministers to address current societal challenges, (3) financial sustainability, (4) African Religious Pluralism, (5) the promotion of gender sensitivity and equality amongst Lutheran congregants, (6) ethnicity and (7) the role and status of self-supporting ministry. And, finally, the article highlights few issues about the changing world of Lutheranism globally.
Matseno
Go twa historing ya Kereke ya Lutere, go molaleng gore kereke ye e theilwe tabeng ya go nyakana le kereke ya mmakgonthe, go e fapantha le kereke ya bofora (Kistner & Buthelezi 1976:21ff.). Go molaleng gape gore bobedi kereke ya thereo le ya bofora di omia Lentu la Modimo dithutong ta tona. Le ge go le bjalo, go twa go dikanegelo te di lego gona, go laeta nke nepo ya Luther ya go thoma kereke ye e be e le matapa a go kweia 'ka fao kereke e hlangwago le go noetwa ka gona,' (Kistner & Buthelezi 1976:22) gape o be a dumela kudu gore taba e kgolo ke ya Lentu la Modimo leo ka lona Kriste a omago le go ba gona ka gare ga kereke. Nepo ya taodiwana ye ke go ahlaahla se se bonalago e le bokamoso bja Bolutere ka Afrika-Borwa. Go dira seo, go bohlokwa go lebelela go te di fetilego ka histori le seabe sa Bolutere mo Afrika-Borwa. Seo se tlo laeta maatla, mafokodi, ditlhohlo le dibaka te bote ta Thutatumelo ya Lutere le dikereke ta Lutere ka Borwa bja Afrika1 twalanong le Bolutere dithabathabeng. Ka yona tela yeo, histori ya Bolutere ka Borwa bja Afrika e tlo ba motheo wa taodiwana ye.
Histori ye Kopana ya Bolutere ka Borwa bja Afrika
Go ya ka Richard Elphick, ka morago ga ngwagakgolo wa bomasomepedi Bokriste bo gote ka go makata magareng ga Maafrika, e lego lekala le legologolo la go gola ka lebelo gape leo le nago le khueto ye kgolo ya sepolitiki mo sethabeng sa Afrika-Borwa - go tloga diphesenteng te 26 ta Maafrika ka 1911 go fihla go te 76 ka 1990 (Elphick 1997:1). Ga go makate ge kgolo ye e ka amanywa le go intha sehlabelo/sedimo ga baruti ba boromiwa ba bopulamadibogo bao ba hlwatheditego tlhase ya Lentu la Modimo mengwageng ye menti ya go feta, gomme ya kekiwa ke modiro wa boromiwa wa badudi ba naga yeno go dira Bokriste seo bo lego sona lehono mo Afrika-Borwa.
Ngwageng wa 1994, palo ya Malutere lefaseng ka bophara e be e eme go dimilione te 60, moo palo ya dimilione te 7.6 e lego mmung wa Afrika. Go twa malokong a, bjalo ka ge George Scriba le Gunnar Lislerud ba laeta, palo ye e ka bago 842 000 (go balwa Barobia) e be e le ka Afrika-Borwa moo palo ya Malutere e bopago karolo ye nnyane ya sethaba sa Afrika-Borwa (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:173). Ka godimo ga ngwagakgolo pele ga fao, go ile gwa begwa gore Malutere a be a feta teetharong ya palo ya ditisi ta baromiwa mo Borwa bja Afrika, mola dikereke te dingwe ka moka di be di laola peditharong ge di hlakane ka moka. Lebaka la palo ye nnyane ya Malutere ka Afrika-Borwa e ka ba e hueditwe ka lebaka la matapa a a teneletego a go gasa Lentu la Modimo le modiro wa boromiwa woo kereke e o dirago ka boineelo le lerato le legolo.
Go hlongwa ga Bolutere mo Afrika-Borwa e be e se modiro wa motho goba mokgatlo o tee eupa ke dipoelo ta matsapa a mohlakanelwa a baruti ba baromiwa le mekgatlo ye mmalwa. Baromiwa ba badumedi ba ile ba rongwa Afrika-Borwa ke dikereke ta go fapafapana ta Sekriste go tlo tweta pele mediro ya boebangedi go obamela molaeta wa thomo wo o ngwadilwego ka go Mateo 28:19. Ge e le ka lehlakoreng la kereke ya Lutere, Baromiwa ba sedumedi go twa Jeremane, Norway le Sweden ba tliite tumelo ya Bolutere Afrika-Borwa gomme ba hloma diphuthego magareng ga Maafrika le bafaladi ba Makgowa. Dithomo teo di be di eya ka merafe/mehlobo (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:173). Moromiwa wa mathomo yo a tlilego ka nepo e tee fela ya go sokolla badudi ba seto e be e le Morabia, Georg Schmidt wa Hermhut (Kritzinger 1988:14). Ka morago ga Schmidt, dihlopha te dingwe ta baromiwa go twa dikerekeng ta Lutere ta Jeremane di ile ta tla Afrika-Borwa. Dihlopha ta boromiwa bja Lutere go twa Jeremane go balwa le Rhenish Missionary Society, Berlin Missionary Society le Hermannsburg Missionary Society, di ile ta tweta pele mediro ya baromiwa dikarolong ta go fapana go akaretwa le dinageng te dingwe ta Borwa bja Afrika (Kritzinger 1988:14-16). Le nankhono dikereke ta Lutere mo Borwa bja Afrika (Afrika-Borwa le Namibia) di sa arogane go ya ka semorafe.
Nakong ya kgethologanyo ya semorafe, Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA) le United Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (UELCSA) di be di se ngatana/kgopana e tee go lwantheng kgethologanyo ya semorafe yeo e bego e goeleditwe go ba thogako go botho ke Dithaba te di Kopanego. Le ge go le bjalo, ka morago ga 1975 ge go hlangwa ELCSA ye e kopanego, ye e bego e tlete ka Babaso, go ile gwa twelela sebaka sa Malutere go ema kgahlanong le kgethologanyo ya semorafe go twa kerekeng yeo e bego e kgabagante mellwane ya semorafe (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:192). Lekgotla la Lutheran World Federation le be le le kgahlanong le kgethologanyo ya semorafe ka Afrika-Borwa le Namibia, gomme kemokgahlanong le kgethologanyo ya semorafe e ile ya tia le go feta dikopanong te mmalwa ta bodithabathaba. Dintlhakemo te pedi ta go thwenyega ga dikereke di ile ta tsebiwa phatlalata kopanong ya Bohlano le ya Boselela ya Lutheran World Federation Assemblies ka 1970 mo Evian, Fora le ka 1977 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Lekgotla la Lutheran World Federation kua Evian le dirile kgoeleto go dikereke ta maloko a lona go tla ka mananeo a go fedisa semorafe le go hloka toka mo kerekeng le sethabeng ka kakareto, gomme la tea sephetho sa go roma dikemedi go ya go begela maloko ka go kgotofata dinepo te, pele le ka twela pele go aba thuo ya lona dikerekeng teo. Ka 1977 kua Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, lekgotla le ile la itebanya thwii le dikereke ta Lutere ta Borwa bja Afrika ka go goeleta gore maemo a Kereke ka Afrika-Borwa a be a go se thulane le maemo a ditaba ka tela ya kgatelelo, ao ka ona kereke e bego e le koting ge e sa thulane le kgethologanyo ya semorafe (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:193).
Le ge go le bjalo, diphuthego ta kereke ya Lutere ta Makgowa ga se ta ka ta sekegela taba yeo ya boipileto le keleto ya Lutheran World Federation tebe. Kopanong ya lekgotla la Lutheran World Federation mo Budapest ka 1984, go ikgotofaditwe ka la go re diphuthego ta Afrika-Borwa ta Lutere ta Makgowa di ganne boikgafo bja setwalle go kopana mmogo mo maemong a diphuthego, le go feta ka go re Malutere a Makgowa a ka se thue a Babaso ntweng ya bona thulanong le kgethologanyo. Ka fao lekgotla le ile la boutela go fegwa ga boleloko bja Evangelical Lutheran Church in South Africa (Motekapa) le German Evangelical Luthern Church mo Afrika-Borwa-Bodikela (Namibia), teo ka moka e lego dikereke ta Makgowa (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:193).
Kgethologanyo e ile ya ntha badumedi diripa go ya ka mmala, gomme ya upa go ditlhohlo, mafokodi, mmogo le mabokgoni a boromiwa bja dikereke ta Lutere go leno la Afrika go fihla le la nankhono.
Ditlhohlo pele ga Bolutere mo Afrika-Borwa
Dikereke ta Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa di lebane le ditlhohlo te mmalwa lehono. Go molaleng gore taodiwana ye e ka se fete go ahlaahla ditlhohlo ka moka te di lebanego le Malutere ka Afrika-Borwa lehono, eupa e fa ka kakareto kgopolo ka mathata le dibaka teo dikereke karolong yeno ya lefase di lebanego le ona; gape go molaleng gore le ka moso ditlhohlo teo di tla no ba gona.
Tlhohlo ya pele yeo maemo a sethaba ka morago ga kgethologanyo ya semorafe a e lebanyago le dikereke ta Lutere e nepia matapa ka moka a go amanya dikereke ta Malutere ta Babaso le ta Makgowa, gomme go fihla gabjale ga se a atlega (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:173). Taba ya go hlobaeta ke gore dikereke ta Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa le Namibia le nankhono di sa arogane go ya ka mmala. Go bohlokwa gore dikereke ta Lutere mo Afrika-Borwa di tee magato a go bonagala go kopanya dikereke te di aroganego go ya ka mmala. Seo se tlo dira gore ka kgonthe ba thepagalele tumelo ya bona ya go re Kereke ya Bokriste e tlemagane e be ya nnete go tla nyakega gore go rerwe ebangedi ya kgonthe ye e hlapilego (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:23).
Taba ya bobedi ya seruti ya go hlobaeta ke ya gore ge go nyakanwa le go ahlaahla bokamoso bjo maemo a dikereke a lego go bjona, ka thereo seelo sa mmakgonthe tabeng yeo e tlo ba thuto. Go ya ka mehlodi ye e lego gona, go molaleng gore thuto e na le seabe se segolo mo bokamosong bja dikereke ta Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa. Gabotse, go laeta gore thuto ke wona motheo wo bokamoso bja Kereke ya Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa o swanetego go agwa godimo ga wona.
Go bohlokwa go lemoga gore le ge dikereke ta Afrika-Borwa di sa arogane go ya ka semorafe, mmogo gona di sa laola Mokgatlo wa Thutabodumedi wa Lutere (Lutheran Theological Institute), e lego lenaneo la tlhahlo ya boruti le le thomilwego ka ngwaga wa 2003. Baithutelaboruti go twa dikerekeng ta makala a a mabedi ba tenela dithuto mmogo, ba dula mmogo le go swara dithapelo ta tati ka tati mmogo. Go holofelwa gore tshepedio ye ya go dira dilo mmogo gape e tlo dira gore moloko o mofsa o batamelane, gomme se e tlo ba kgato ya mathomo ya moito go tiia botee dikerekeng te pedi te.
Tlhohlo ya boraro ke ya go ikema ka lehlakoreng la dithelete (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:179). Dikereke ta Lutere di ithekgile kudu ka leteno le meneelo ya maloko a tona. Le ge go le bjalo, meneelo ye ya go twa diphuthegong ga e kgonthe dikereke ta Lutere, kudukudu ELCSA, go phethagata pito le thomo ya tona magareng ga maloko a tona le sethabeng ka kakareto. Taba ye ke kgonthe ye e lego mahlong yeo e palediago Malutere go phethagata mediro ya go rera Lentu, go ruta le go hlankela ba bangwe. Ka fao go na le tlhokego e kgolo dikerekeng go tla ka mananeo a nako e telele ao a tlogo di kgontha go ba le bokgoni ditabeng ta dithelete. Gape, go tloga go kgonagala go fihlelela maemo ao bjalo ka ge diphuthego te dingwe le didiko ta ELCSA di ete di ikgona ge go etla ditheleteng.
Tlhohlo ya bone ke ya lehlakore la Thutabodumedi ya Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa. Scriba le Lislerud ba eme ka la go re mo go Thutabodumedi ya Bolutere, Bibele ke mothopo wa motheo wa go ba le maatla wa thuto ya kereke ya Lutere, bjalo ka molao, wo o ahlolago modiradibe pele ga Modimo, gape le bjalo ka Lentu la Modimo leo le begago go lokafatwa goba go amogelwa ga modiradibe pele ga Modimo e le ka kgaugelo fela (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:174). Go ia pele, ka go teba gore Malutere a Afrika-Borwa a latete dithuto ta ditumelo te dingwe ta seto go swana le go latela tumelo ya mahlakoremabedi go ireleta le go lokafata maithwaro ao medu ya ona e lego ditumelong teo di ka se nyalanywego le Lentu la Modimo (Kistner & Buthelezi 1976:26), ka fao ge, go ba bohlokwahlokwa go thulana le taba ya go aroganya ditaba ta semoya le ta bophelo bja ka mehla, e lego seo se tlogo twela pele go aroganya lapa la Malutere mo Afrika-Borwa. Ka tela yeo, dikereke ta Lutere ka Afrika, di swanete go kgonthiia gore Thutatumelo ya tona e amane le maemo a ditaba ta bophelo bjalo ka bodiidi, HIV/AIDS, bogologolo (seto), toka, leago le ekonomi, bjalobjalo.
Klaus Nurnberger (2005), rathutadingwalo wa Moafrika-Borwa wa Kereke ya Lutere, mo pukung ya gagwe ye mpsha ya go bitwa, Martin Luther's Message for us today: A Perspective from the South, o tea matapa a go tenya molaeta wa Martin Luther go Maafrika-Borwa ka go latela ditela te tharo kgaolong ye nngwe le ye nngwe: sa pele, o leka go laeta seo a rego ke dintlha te bohlokwa ta lenaneo la Thutatumelo ya Lutere. Sa bobedi, o nyakiia kweio ya ditaba ta Lutere go Afrika-Borwa lehono. Sa boraro, o tinkela tela ya Lutere ya thekatheko ya ditaba.
Tlhohlo ya bohlano ke ya go ata ga ditumelo ta Afrika. Bakriste ba bangwe ba Maafrika ba phela mafaseng a mabedi a tumelo, e lego lefaseng la seto le la sebjalebjale. Go bonti bja Maafrika, thereo ke gore go lefase la seto, merero ya semoya le ya bophelo e swere tela e tee ya phediano. Kereke ya ka moso ya Lutere e tlo swanelwa ke go lemoga kgakanego ye gomme e thue badumedi go humana maemo a maleba a magareng. Baruti ba mathomo ba baromiwa mo Afrika ba paletwe ke go amogela maatla a Afrika a semoya, gomme ba nyaka ge Maafrika a lahla seto sa ona ka meogofela gore e be Bakriste ba paale. Musimbi Kanyoro o opile kgomo lenaka ge a re bokamoso bja Kereke ya Lutere ka Afrika bo ithekgile godimo ga tela yeo Maafrika a tlogo fetolela dikereke ta ona ka gona go ba dikereke ta Lutere ta Afrika, e sego go ba dikereke ta Lutere ka Afrika (Kanyoro 2008:30).
Tlhohlo ya boselela ke go godia go phafogela ditaba ta bong le tekatekano magareng ga maloko a kereke. Go bohlokwa go laeta gore kereke ya ELCSA e be e ete e thomile go hlomamia baruti ba basadi bogareng bja mengwaga ya bo-80, le ge e se didiko/ditaosese ka moka te di bego di thekga ditlhomamio te bjalo ta basadi. Lehono didiko/ditaosese ka moka te upa ta ELCSA di hlomamisa baruti ba basadi, gomme ditini/baokamedi te pedi ke basadi. Le ge go le bjalo ga se gwa hlwa go e ba le dipiopo ta basadi. Ditemana ta go swana le 1 Bakorinthe 7; 11:2-6; 1 Bakorinthe 14:33b-36; Bakolose 3:18; Baefeso 5:22-23 le 1 Timoteo 2:11-15 di omiitwe go gatelela basadi ka kerekeng le sethabeng. Le ge go le bjalo borathutatumelo le bangwadi ba ete ba lemogile taba ye, gomme gape ba ete ba ikarabete ka ditela ta go fapana ta go bona gore, gape le go fihlelela tekatekano ya bong ka kerekeng (Farisani 2006b:155ff.; Oduyoye 2000b). Seto le bodumedi le tona di kgatha tema mo kgatelelong ya basadi. Bodumedi, go ya ka fao Mangwalo a Makgethwa a hlathollwago ka gona, bo omiitwe go thekga le go dira gore kgatelelo ya basadi e be taba ye e lego ye kgethwa, e be e bonwe e le molao wa go twa go Modimo woo o ka se ganetwego (Ayanga 1999:91). Bona gape mesomo ye e latelago, Anne Nasimiyu-Wasike (1992:103), see also Rabiatu Ammah (1992:83-84).
Dikereke ta Lutere di swanete go hlatholla Mangwalo a Makgethwa (Bibele) ka tela yeo e tlogo hlama le go thua basadi go itokolla tabeng ya go no amogela maemo ao sethaba se ba fago ona. Tabeng ye boithwaro bo swanete go fetoga go nyalelana le molaeta wa Kriste wa go re beine ye mpsha e ka se thelwe ka nkgong ye e onetego. Gapegape kereke e swanete go ba mohlala wo o phelago wa sethaba sa basadi le banna ba ba lokologilego: sethaba se se tlogago se lokologile ka nnete ka Kriste (Farisani 2006b:155ff.). Bona gape Newton. K. Maina (1999:137); Mercy Oduyoye (1995:101); Oduyoye and Kanyoro (1992:2ff.); Ammah (1992:83-84) and Lloyda Fanusie (1992:140-154). Go ya pele, ditemana te dingwe bjalo ka Bagalata 3:28 di ka omiwa go fetola maithwaro a go nyamia mabapi le basadi diphuthegong ta rena lehono (Farisani 2006a:53ff.; Oduyoye 2000a:137; Rakoczy 2004:202).
Tlhohlo ya boupa ke ya semorafe. Ditemana ta Bibele di omiitwe ka bosaedi go hlohleleta kgethollo ya semorafe le dithulano mo Afrika. Maimela o paka gore mo Afrika, phapano ya semorafe e omiwa ke boradipolitiki go tlia thenyo (De Jong 1999:5; Maimela 1997:118; Oddland 1997:83). thenyo ye bjalo e bjala dithulano gare ga dithabana le semorafe, e lego ditaba te di ilego ta hlola dintwa ta bana ba thari, dikgakgano, bofaladi, le go fedia sethaba sa Afrika (Farisani 2004:24ff.; Maimela 1997:118). Go ya pele Maimela o hlaloa gore mo Afrika-Borwa dikakanyo ta sepolitiki ta kgethologanyo go ya ka mmala wa motho, di omiitwe ka go gaba thereo ya phapano ya merafe go tweta pele ditlhologelo ta leago le ekonomi gammogo le sepolitiki ta Makgowa a bagateledi (Maimela 1997:118). Maimela o twela pele go re gopota gore bathekgi ba kgethollo go ya ka semorafe ba omiite Mangwalo a Makgethwa go thekga dikgopolo ta bona. O bolela gore temana ye ba bego ba e rata kudu ke ya kanegelo ya Mmoto wa Babele ye e bolelago ka go hlakahlakana ga maleme. Go latelwa kanegelo ye go laeta gore dithaba di swanete go aroganywa gore di dule kgole le kgole, ka ge go tewa gore ke thato ya Modimo. Karoganyo ye ya dithaba ga se ya ka ya fetolwa le moomong wa Kriste wa poelano. Ka go realo, lengwalo la Ditiro ta Baapostola le laodia gore go bolela ka maleme a ele nakong ya Thologo ya Moyamokgethwa e dio ba fela gore Moya wo Mokgethwa o kgonthite merafo ya go fapana go kwana ka polelo (Maimela 1997:118).
Bjale ge go le ka tela ye, seabe sa dikereke ta Lutere e swanete go ba sefe go rarolleng bothata bja serafe? Go ithekga tabeng ya go re batho ba banti bao ba angwago ke dithulano te ke maloko a kereke, gona kereke e na le tema ye e swanetego go e kgatha tlhohleletong ya phedianommogo le kwano magareng ga merafe ya go fapana. Ka fao, kereke e swanete go gatelela gore ga go na phoo go ba le merafe ya go fapana, eupa bothata ke semorafe seo se aroganyago batho gammogo le go tlia tshenyo (Farisani 2004; Getui 1999:10ff.; Gichure 1999:25ff.; Nambala 1997:33).
Gore kereke e be le maatla go lebana le dithulano ta semorafe ka mahlong mo sethabeng, e swanete go lwantha dithulano ta semorafe ka gare ga yona pele (De Jong 1999:6; Nambala 1997:33). Go thwe kereke maemong a mabjalo, e swanete go hlohleleta botee ka gare ga go fapana (Farisani 2004; Oddland 1997:64; Pierli 1999:33ff.; Shorter 1999:64). Ka fao, dikereke ta Lutere di swanete go hlohleleta thomiso ya Mangwalo a Makgethwa bjalo ka ditela ta dithulano ta go hlolwa ke semorafe le lehloyo la batwantle le ge go tebja gore magoro a semorafe ka mo Mangwalong a Makgethwa a somisitwe go laola le gatelela gammogo le go busa batho (Brett 1996:8).
Tlhohlo ya boseswai ke paka ya moomo wa go ba ka ofising ga mopiopo. Molaotheo wa ELCSA ke wa temokrasi mo tshepediong ya go kgetha bagolo/badiredi, ditini/balaodi le mopiopo. Molaotheo o laeta gore paka ya moomo wa balaodi ba ke mengwaga ye e selelago ka kgonagalo ya gore ba ka kgethwa gape, eupa, maemo a mopisopo a a fapana ka ge yena a kgethwa go fihla ngwageng wa go rola modiro, e lego lebaka la mengwaga ye 65. Le ge sehlopha sa go tea diphetho maemong a godimo se ete se kwane bonnyane makga a mabedi gore paka ya mopiopo ya go ba ka ofising e be mengwaga ye e selelago ka kgonagalo ya go kgethwa gape, batho bao ba filwego maatla go tenya sephetho se tiriong (e lego bapiopo), ba be ba dute ba goga maoto tabeng ye, ba efa mabaka a go fapana a ka fao sephetho seo se ka se phethagatwego ka gona. Taba ye ke mathoeti a magolo go temokrasi ya kereke, gape le go twelopele ya kereke ka ge bapiopo ba bangwe ge ba seno kgethwa ba kweia gore ga ba ikarabele go motho ofe kapa ofe ka ge ba tlilo dula setulo seo go fihlela ba rola modiro.
Tlhohlo ya mafelelo ye re swanetego go e tweleta ke ya maemo a moomo wa boruti wa baruti ba go iphepa (go iphedia ka go dira ditente/ ba go dira moomo wa boruti le ye mengwe ka thoko) mo ELCSA. Gonabjalo, ELCSA e na le mehuta ye meraro ya boruti e lego bja maemobotlalo, bja go tlata sekgala le bja go iphepa. Le ge baruti ba go iphepa ba dumeletwe go dira mediro ye baruti ba maemobotlalo ba e dirago go swana le go rera, go etela balweti, go boloka bahu, bjalobjalo, baruti ba go iphepa ga se ba dumelelwa go thwalwa bjalo ka baruti ba diphuthego, didini goba dipiopo. Ka fao motho a ka re go na le kgethollo ya baruti ba go iphepa mo ELCSA. Taba ye ga e nyalelane le bolutere ka ge Luther ka boyena e be e le moruti le profesa Yunibesithing ya Wittenberg. Go ya pele, ga go na le motheo wa teologi wa go thekga kgethollo ya baruti ba go iphepa. Ka fao, Kereke ya Lutere e tla swanela go amogela le go lemoga baruti ba go iphepa ka tela yeo e amogelago le go lemoga bobedi baruti ba maemobotlalo le ba go tlata sekgala, ge e tla ba kereke ya go sepela le mabaka.
Lefase la diphetogo ta Bolutere lefaseng ka bophara
Go ka akaretwa ka go re ge palo ya Malutere e dute e gola mo karolong ya Borwa bja lefase, kudu Afrika le Asia, gomme e fokotega ka kudu ka leboa, Arland Jacobson le James Aegeson (2008) ba re go ka letelwa diphetogo te di latelago: ya pele, Bolutere bo tlo utha ya ba lekala la sethaba la batho ba magareng le ba go ikgona ka dithwaro go tlo ba, gagolo, lekala la bahloki le banyategi. Ya bobedi, le ge se se sete se phethagala, Bolutere bo tlo tla mo bo sepetwago le go laolwa ke batho fela.
Ya boraro, ditirelo ta Malutere di tlo twela pele di arogane go ya ka merafe (Kanyoro 2008:27ff.). Ya bone, Thutatumelo goba tumelo ya Malutere e ka se sa ba selo se go tepeletwego go sona ka ge maatla a Malutere a tlo tepelelwa go bophelo bja tati ka tati, go rarolleng mathata a go swana le ta leago le toka, bodiidi, HIV/AIDS, go hlomamia basadi, bjalobjalo. Ya bohlano, moela wa baruti ba baromiwa o ka no fetoga ge dikereke ta Lurete ta Yuropa le Amerika-Leboa di twela pele go lahlegelwa ke maloko. Ya boselela, dipolediano ka ditumelo ta go fapafapana di tlo ba le seabe se se golago se bohlokwa magareng ga Malutere ao e lego malotana ka gare ga dithaba te e sego ta Bakriste. Ya bosupa, ka moso Malutere a tlo fetogela go ba badumedi ba semoya ('ecumenical') go feta lehono. Go phetheng, ka moso ditaba te pedi te bohlokwa go Bolutere - thuto le go hlankela batho - go tlo ba le seabe se segolo go bophelo, kgolo, le go twa mahlalagading ga Bolutere lefaseng ka moka.
Bakgathatema
Dikgahlego te thulanago
Mongwadi o bega gore ga a na ditswalano te di mo amago goba ta matlotlo te di ka bego di mo huedite ge a ngwala taodiwana ye.
Mediro ye e Badilwego
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Correspondence:
Elelwani Farisani
PO Box 392
Pretoria 0003, South Africa
Email: fariseb@unisa.ac.za
Received: 16 Jan. 2012
Accepted: 24 Apr. 2013
Published: 11 Sept. 2013
1.Le ge ke tlo upa le go bolela ka United Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (UELCSA), ye e lego ya Makgowa bogolo, mo pampiring ye ke tlo tsepelela kudu go Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA), e lego bogolo kereke ya Babaso.
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