Asakal woni salndu tataɓiiru e calɗi lislaam joyi ɗi, cagal gooŋɗinde Alla e nelaaɗo mum, e darnude juulde. Alla toowɗo o wiyi nelaaɗo Muhamad (JKW) : « ƴettu e jawɗeele maɓɓe ɗe sadak (asakal) laaɓniraaɓe, ɓeydiraa ɓe ɗum » . Ko ɗum addani Nelaaɗo (J.KW) wiyde : « jawdi ustortaako sabu sadak (walla asakal) ».
O wiyi kadi « sadak ene ñifa tikkere Alla, ene duñta maayde soofnde », Sadak ko ko njarliti-ɗaa, njaltin-ɗaa e jawdi maaɗa, asakal noon ko ko foti itteede e jawɗeele alduɓe, faytinee e waasɓe, e roofolɓe, e jom caɗeele en, e kala ko ene walla nguurndam renndo no yuɓɓiri.
Asakal farlaa ko e hitaande ɗiɗmere e fergo Nelaaɗo (J.K.W.), ene hawrunoo 624 jibineede annabi Iissa (JKW ), tawi juulɓe ndarnii laamu mumen to Madiina, katojini e jawdi ko ene njiilira njuɓɓudi geɗe mumen.
Ko nii asakal yuɓɓiniraa :
*Askatee e ngalu ko leƴƴi tati :
a) Neemoraaɗi (jawdi njahoori) : ndammiri, nay e gelooɗi
b) Kaŋŋe e kaalis, e marsandiis njulaagu.
ɓ) Remru : gawri, maaro, makka, ɓesnooje, (tamarooje, reseŋaaji..)
Ene sarɗee e waɗɗaade asakal sarɗiyeeji garooji ɗi :
* Jeygol timmungol : wonaa ñamaande, wonaa desndal, wonaa ko teettaa e goɗɗo.
* Timmude hitaande : ɗum ko to neemoraaɗi e kaŋŋe e kaalis, kono remru ko nde soñaa ndee tan asketee.
*Askinde : woni tolno asakal, kala ko asketee ene jogii tolno ɗo heɓata, wiyee askinii.
Ko nii asakal yahrata:
1- Neemoraandi:
a – Ndammiri :
– tolno asakal mum ko 40 dammuwol, so yettiima ɗoon fayi dow ko nii askirtee:
So wonii (500) fayi dow, wontata ko kala 100 dammuwol yaltinanee dammuwol gootol.
b – Asakal nay ko nii waɗirtee :
– kala 30 yaltinantee ko gayel ngel duuɓi ɗiɗi.
– kala 40 yaltinantee ko ñale yaaroowe duuɓi tati, ngaari lomtotaako ɗum.
* Ko ɓeydii e 30 yettaaki 40 asketaake, Ko ɓeydii e 40 yettaaki 60 asketaake,
* Ɗum firti ko tuggude 30 haa 39 ko gayel gootel tan, tuggude 40 haa 59 ko ñale woote tan, so wonii 60 noon, yaltinanee ngayon ɗiɗon, so wonii 80 yaltinanee ñalbi ɗiɗi, ko hono nii tan yaahrata.
ɓ – Asakal gelooɗi :
Askini e gelooɗi ko gelooɗi joyi, yaltinantee ko e ndammiri haa ɗi tolnoo 25 waɗta yaltineede e golooɗi, hono nii :
So diwii 120 ngelooba, wontata ko kala 50 ngelooba yaltinanee ndimndinba, kala 40 ɓiyi muyninoowa, ko wayi no 150 ngelooba askantee ko dimndinɗi tati, 200 ngelooba askantee ko dimndinɗi nayi walla ɓiɓɓe muyninooji joyi, ƴeewetee heen tan ko ko ɓuri wonde nafoore miskineeɓe.
Tesko:
– 1) Beyi e baali ko leñol gootol, ko njogiɗaa heen fof a renndintu ngaskidaa.
– 2) So beyi e baali ɗii poti, kala heen ɗo o welaa o yaltina asakal, so ɗi ɓurondirii noon, yo o yaltin e ko ɓuri heewde ko.
– 3) Geñgol jawdi hitaande mum ko hitaande yumma mum, ndokken yeru : en mbiyii jawdi asketaake so wonaa daña hitaande e junngo maa, jooni noon so aɗa jogii 30 dammuwol hoore lewru abiriil yehii haa lewru marse, heen 10 njibinii, wonii40, kannji fof ɗi nguuri haa abiril artii, a wiyataa heen 10 timminaani hitaande.
– 4) Ene jaɓee jom jawdi soodoya daral tolno ko o foti yaltinde e askal ko.
5) So tolno duuɓi ko waɗɗii mo ko alaa e jawdi makko, so o yaltinii ko ɓuri ɗum duuɓi ene feewi haa maayi.
– 6) Rennduɓe jawdi asakal mumen ko gootal, haade jey gooto e maɓɓe fof askinii, tawa yontii askude, tawa jawdi maɓɓe renndi ko heewi e geɗe garooje ɗe : jofnde, kalhaldi, baagal, durirde, gaynaako…
– 7) Jaɓetaake noon renndinde ko seernoo, walla seerndude ko renndunoo ngam dogde asakal, ko wayi no : aɗa joginoo 40 dammuwol, mbeɗe jogii 40, ene waɗɗii gooto e men fof yaltinde dammuwol, tan ndenddinen haa wonta 80, wona enen ɗiɗo fof njaltinen gootol. Walla eɗen ndenndunoo 201, miin jeyi heen 100, aan jeyi 101, ene waɗɗinoo en yaltinde ndammiri tati, hitaande ɓaditoo tan ceernden, gooto e men fof yaltina gootol, tawa ko tati potno ɗen yaltinde. (Ene heddii, haa tonngoode aroore)
2. Asakal kaŋŋe e kaalis
Kaŋŋe walla kaalis, foti ko ko tafaa walla tafaaka ene askee tawi jogoraa ko ene alɗinoree, ene juloree walla resanee aduna. Kono so tawii jogoraa ko ene nyaantoree, hay so heewii, asketaake. So a jogiima e kaŋŋe fotde menkelleeje 20, walla e kalis daneejo fotde 200 mbuuɗu, haa hitaande dartiima mo wuuri, waɗɗiima askeede. Ko noon ne kay so a jogiima menkelleeje 10, e 100 mbuuɗu ndaneewu, a renndintu, ngaskaa ; ko hono nii askirtee :Kala ko njogi-ɗaa e kaŋŋe, walla e kalis, ko foti no ko haalaa ko fayi dow, njaltintaa heen ko : capanɗe nayaɓal (1/40). walla mbiyen 2, 5 % , ko wayi no :
– asketee e 20 menkelde kaŋŋe ko menkelle ɗiɗi (20:40=0,5 woni feccere menkelde).
– asketee e 200 mbuɗu ndaneewu ko buuɗi 5 (200:40=5).
Ko hono nii tan waɗirtee, no jawdi ndi fotiri fof.
l Kalis nyaameteeɗo hande oo ne, ko wayi no ugiyya, Dolaar, Seefaa, ekon, ene askee so a jogiima heen ko tolnondiri e menkelleeje 20, walla 200 mbuuɗu ndaneewu, ɗum noon alaa ɗo darii, fawii tan ko e coggu jeere.
Jooni noon, so a jogiima e ugiyya ko askini, wonii e junngo maa hitaande timmunde, ngaskirtaa tan ko no kaŋŋe e kaalis askirtee nii, hono 1/40, walla 2,5%. Yeru, asakal 200000 ugiyya ko 200000/40=5000 uguyya.
l Asakal njulaagu : njulaagu ko mbaydiiji ɗiɗi :
a) Njulaagu njiilaangu : ko ari e junngo makko fof ko o jeeyoowo, o mooftaani haa jeere wela.
b) Njulaagu mooftaangu haa jeere welta.
* Njulaagu njiilotoongo ngu : hitaande kala o hiisoto ko o jogii e marsandiis fof, haa o annda no foti e kaalis mo o liggortoo oo (ugiyya walla dolaar…) o renndina ɗum e kaalis mo o jogii o, o askida ɗum laawol gootol.
* So tawii noon ko marsandiis mooftaaɗo haa jeere welta asketee tan ko nde yeeya nde, hay so wonii duuɓi.
3. Asakal Remru
Remru waɗɗii askeede ko nde gawri ñammini, nde tamarooje e reseŋaaji ɓenndi, e nde ñebbe ngufti. Asketee e remru ko leƴƴi garooji ɗi:
A- Gawri: ene waɗi mbaydiji tati:
– samme, feelaa, ñindiko, ɗii tati ko mbaydi ngootiri nanngirtee.
– Ndiyamiri : ko mbaydi mum bannge.
– Makka kadi ko mbaydi mum bannge.
B – Maaro : maarooji fof ko mbaadi ngootiri.
Ɓ- Ɓesnooje : ko wayi no tamarooje walla resen, kala heen gooto noon ko mbaydi mum bannge.
C- Ñebbe : ko wayi no ñebbe men ɗe, e ñebbe daneeje, e ñebbe goɗɗe ko wayi no lantiiy, ekn…(ñebbe fof ko mbaydi ngootiri).
Asakal remru noon fawaaki e timminde hitaande, ko nde soñaa fof asketee, so tawii noon soñaaka, ko ko ñamtatee (fuɗɗiima ñaameede seeɗa-seeɗa) ndeen etɓinte, annominee no foti baa ngesa askinta, ɗum yaltinoyee heen so tawii kay askinii.
Ko askini e remru :
Asketee e remru ko so timmii wusukaaji joyi, wusuku gooto ko muudi capanɗe tati (capanɗe jeegom hamdaat), ndeke askini ko 5ƴ30 = 150 muudo.
So remru maaɗa yettaaki ɗoon asakal waɗɗaaki ma, so a hiisoriima ɗum peese hawrata ko 516 kiloograam.
Hol no askirtee?
Remru askirtee ko e mbaydiiji ɗiɗi :
a- ko Asamaan yarni, walla ilam yarni, aan hay dara alanaama heen so wonaa liggaade ngesa ma, ko sappoɓal 1/10 njaltintaa askal, ɗum woni 10%, ko wayi no so a soñii 650 muudo ndiyamiri, ko nii askirtee : 650ƴ10/100 = 65 muudo, walla 650/10=65 muudo.
b- ngesa ba njarnirtaa doole maa, baagal walla masiŋ, ekn…, ndeen ngaskataa ko feccere sappoɓal woni 5%, feccere heddiinde nde ko tampere maaɗa, ko wayi no a soñii 600 muudo maaro, tee ko aan roosi ngesa ma, ngaskataa ko 600ƴ5/100= 30 muudo.
Tesko:
Asakal remru fawaaki e timmude hitaande e juuɗe ma, ko nde soñaa fof, aɗa waawi askude ngesa e hitaande wootere ko ɓuri laawol gootol.
Leƴƴi nayi kaalaaɗi ɗi, mbaydiiji kala heen leñol ndenndinte ngaskidee, ko wayi no ( samme, feelaa, e ñindiko) ko leñol gootol (muudi 100 samme + muudi 40 feelaa + muudi 10 ñindiko) timmii asakal, yaltintee heen ko: muudi 10 samme + muudi 4 feelaa + muudo wooto ñindiko, kono makka, e ndiyamiri e maaro kala heen gooto ko leñol mum bannge, renndintaake, kadi tamarooje e resin rendintaake, kono mbaydiiji ñebbe fof ko leñol gootol, ene renndinee.
Tawi ngesa maa tamarooje ene waɗi : dowrowe, e kakindiiɗe e jaasɗe, njaltintaa askal noon ko e hakkundeejo o.
Tawi noon waɗi tan ko dowrowe e jaasɗe ngalaa hakkundeeje, a yaltintu e kala gooto e majji kañji ɗiɗi tolnde mum e askal he.
Hol mo jeyi askal ?
Alla toowɗo oo wiyi wonde askal jeyi ɗum ko leƴƴi jeetati garooji ɗi:
1- Baasɗo : ko mo alaa ko ene yona ɗum fotde hitaande, hay so noon omo jogii ko askini (nisaab).
2- Miskiino : ɓuri saɗtude donkal e baasɗo, miskiino woni mo alaa hay dara, hay nguura mum hannde timmaani.
3- Liggotooɓe : ɓe laamu neleta tawa ko hoolaaɓe yo ndenndin asakal, yoo njuɓɓin ɗum, ndeena ɗum, ɓeen njoɓdi mum en ene waawi yaltineede e asakal.
4- woowneteeɓe ɓerɗe : maa wonii ko ɓe heefreeɓe, ɓe ndokkee e asakal ngam yiɗde reerɗindeɓe e lislaam, walla ko ɓe juulɓe hesɓe ɓe ndokkee e asakal, haa diine maɓɓe tiiɗa.
5- Rimɗinde jiyaaɓe : sabu lislaam reerɗude e ndimaagu, yamiri yo itte e asakal hitaande kala ko ene rimɗiniree jiyaaɓe halfaaɓe (ndeeɗoo yolnde kam sukkaama, njiyaagu nattii woodde, Alla yettaaɓa), ko ɗum lislaam yiɗnoo.
6- reweteeɓe ñamaale: deweteeɗo ñamaande nde ronkani, tawi o ñamlorinoo ko waɗde ɗum ɗo dagii, oon ene rokkee e asakal ko yoɓiri ñamaande mum.
7– Soldateeɓe reenooɓe diine, reenooɓe leydi mum en, ene ndokkee e asakal hay so ko ɓe alɗuɓe, walla soodiree kaɓirɗe e njogitaari, ekn…
8- Ɗanniiɗo (ɓiyi laawol) : oon woni tumaranke gonɗo e laawol, tawi wonaa ɗanngal woofde Alla, omo rokkee e asakal ko ene yettina mo leydi makko.
Tesko:
1- Asakal ko e junngo laamɗo juulɓe waɗaa, kañum anndi no feccirta, e mbaydiiji jeetati limtaaɗi ɗi, omo waawi rokkeede heen e mbaydi ngootiri, walla o huɓtiɗinaɗi kañji fof, walla o fondaɗi, walla o ɓurondira ɗi.
2- Yiɗaa e pecugol asakal ko ittude baasal, wonaa sarde jawdi, moƴƴi ko hitaande fof wooda e waasɓe yaltinaaɓe baasal, ko wayi no rokkee ko ene yona ɗum hitaande, walla o rokkee ko ene waɗta mo e askooɓe mo wuuri.
3- So laamu toppitaaki asakal, juulɗo fof yo toppitano hoore mum asakal mum, sabu ko farilla no juulde nii.
4- Ɓeeɗoo ndokketaake asakal :
a- Sarifaaɓe yaltuɓe e nelaaɗo Muhammed (J.K.W), ɓeen laamu rokkata ɗum en ko booñ mum wonaa e askal.
b- Kala mo nguura mum fawi maa, a rokkataa ɗum asakal maa :
* ɓiɗɗo rokkataa asakal mum jinnaaɓe mum waasɓe, sabu nguura maɓɓe ko e makko fawii, so wonaa tawa ko ɓe reweteeɓe ñamaale, ɓe naatira oon bannge.
* Baaba rokkataa ɓiɓɓe mum sukaaɓe, walla hellifaaɓe ŋakkuɓe (kaaɗi, ngumndam ñawu njooɗiingu ekn…), kono omo wawi rukkude ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe hellifaaɓe waasɓe, walla ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe waasɓe resaaɓe, sabu ngura ɓee fof fawaaki baaba.
Jom galle rokkataa jom suudu mum asakal, so wonaa tawa ko to bange yoɓde ñamaande.
Kono jom suudu ene waawi rokkude jom galle mum asakal jawdi mum sabu nguura gorko o waɗɗaaki mo.
Bun Umar LIH
Tel : 00 222 630 15 98 / 675 88 79
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