Ko yiytaa jooni jooni koo teeŋtinii Afrik woni mbootu winndere sibu e fawaade e wiɗtooji kesi, caaktaaɗi ko ɓooyaani, ina gasa tawa innama aadee (leñol men ngol) idii feeñde ko to hirnaange leydi Botswana.
Oon innama aadee noon, ko innama aadee tagiiɗo mbaadi kesiri ndii, woni mbaadi men enen wuurɓe e Leydi jooni ɓee, anndiraaɓe Homo Sapiens ɓee. Ine wiyee o peeñii e Afrik ko ina wona 165 miliyoŋ haa 240 miliyoŋ hitaande jooni, kono haa hannde, yimɓe kawraani e ɗo ɓe idii feeñde ɗoo. So tuugnaama e won ɗeen ɓarakke, ɓe idii feeñde ko e fuɗnaange Afrik kono, so tuugnaama e maantorɗe donteeje (marqueurs génétiques), ɓe idii feeñde ko bannge worgo Afrik. Ina wayi no, wiɗto heso saaktaango jooni ngoo abbitii ko e miijo ɗiɗmo ngoo.
Ngam yiytude iwdi men ndii, ganndo jiylotooɗo oo, biyeteeɗo Vanessa Hayes to Duɗal Garvan to Sydney (Sidnee) to Ostaraali, waɗi ko wiɗto dontiwal (génétique) yaajngo tuugiingo e won ɗeen geɗe gonooje e ɓalndu (ɗoo ko ADN mitokonndiriiji). Ɗum hoolkisaa ko e yimɓe 1 217 wuurɓe worgo Afrik tawi heen 198 ko leƴƴi yimɓe ɓe keewaani, yiytiraaɓe ƴiiƴam mum en to Afrik Worgo e to Namibi. Ɗeen geɗe gonooje e ɓalndu neɗɗo noon, donirteeɗo tan to bannge yummiraaɓe (yumma faade ɓiyum debbo), ina moofti kala mbayliigaaji baɗooji e ɓalli joomum en. So joomum en ɓee njerondiraama, yimɓe ina mbaawi ŋabbitde haa to fuɗde tagoore ndee. Kanko bittoowo oo, o huutoriima kadi keɓe ngonka weeyo nokkuuji ɗii nder yonta ɓooyɗo (paléoclimatiques), kam e keɓe kaaƴewal kam e maantorɗe leƴƴi-ɗemɗiije (ethnolinguististiques). Ko denndaangal ɗee geɗe ngaddani mo wiyde ko bannge Makgadikgadi woni ñiiɓirde aadee en idiiɓe.
Oon nokku noon woni ko worgo deedal maayo Sammbees (Zambèze), hono maayo nayaɓo Afrik ɗo juurɗe Wiktoriya (Victoria) lolluɗe ngoni ɗoo. Ina jeyaa e nokku hee : tuggi hirnaange Botswana haa Namibi to bannge hirnaange ; e haa Simmbaabuwee to bannge fuɗnaange ; woni nokku Makgadikgadi gontuɗo hannde moraande lamɗam oo. E oon sahaa ko o nokku kenaniiɗo biltugol nguurndam yimɓe, sibu ko weendu yaajndu wonnoo, tawi saraaji mum ko dunli leɗɗe cukkiɗi, kam e loope (paraaje) moƴƴooje ndema.
Aadee en idiiɓe ɓee nguurii e oo nokku coñtuɗo ko ina wona duuɓi 70 000 hade mum en wiyde ina uuja feewde fuɗnaange-rewo duuɓi 130 000 jooni, caggal ɗuum feewde worgo ko ina wona duuɓi 110 000 jooni. Sikke alaa heen ko mbayliigaaji ngonka weeyo (kilimaa) ngaddani ɓe sostude ɗo ɓe ngonnoo ɗoo : ɓeydagol toɓooli fuɗnii dunli e saraaji joorɗi taarinooɗi weendu nduu. Ɗuum addani ɓe waawde ɓosde ngam yettaade geec (bannge hirnaange worgo) ɗo ɓe ekkii ñaamde kullon diƴƴe. Kono ina sikkaa won ɓe ɓosaani ɗoon gila ndeen, ɓarakke maɓɓe ine tawee hannde e hoɗɓe moraande Kalahari ɓee.
Mitokonndiri : geɗel ngel yiyotaako e yitere gonowel nder nokwel, dokkowel ɗum semmbe, jojjungel wonande nguurndam. Yeru, nokwe ƴiiƴam ngalaa mitokonndiri gooto.
Bookara Aamadu Bah
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