Ngonka ɗemɗe to leydi Kamaruun
Kamaruun ko leydi ndi bannge e mum jeyaa e Afrik hakkundeejo, bannge goɗɗo oo e Afrik hirnaange. Heedi ndi bannge hirnaange ko Niiseriyaa e geec Atalantik, bannge worgo ko Gine ekaatoriyaal e Gabon e Konngo, bannge fuɗnaange ko Santarafrik e Caad e bannge rewo ko weendu Caad. Wertallo mayri ko 475 442 km2, keeweendi yimɓe mayri ko hedde 19 miliyoŋ aadee. Laamorgo mayri wiyetee ko Yaawunnde.
Idinoo halfude ndi ko Almaañ, kono, caggal wolde adunaare adannde, Farayse e Angalteer kalfinaa ndi. Bannge gonnooɗo e njiimaandi Farayse oo, heɓi ndimaagu mum ñalnde 1 saawiyee 1960, wiyaa Rippoobilik Kamaruun. Huunde e hettere wonnoonde e njiimaandi Angalteer ndee, anndiranoonde Kameroons tawti bannge jeytiiɗo oo e hitaande 1963, ɗi mbaɗi federaasiyoŋ inniraaɗo «Rippoobilik Federaal Kameruun», innitiraandi, ñalnde 20 mee 1972, «Rippoobilik dentunɗo Kameruun» hade mum innitireede kadi «Rippoobilik Kameruun» e hitaande 1984.
Ko ndii iwdi ngaddani ndi jeyeede e «Njuɓɓudi winndereeri Farayseere» (Organisation internationale de la francophonie) kam e dental Commonwealth.
Leƴƴi : Kameruun ina renndini leƴƴi keewɗi, ko ina tolnoo e 280 haa 300 leñol, naatnaatondirɗi, jillondirɗi. Ina waɗi heen mawɗi, ina waɗi heen tokoosi. To bannge njuɓɓudi, ndi feccitii ko e diiwanuunji jeetati (8).
To bannge keeweendi, heedi yeesoo ko ɗiiɗoo leƴƴi : fang (20%) ; bamileke e baamuns (18%); duwaala e lumndu e basaas (15%) e fulɓe (10%) e tikaar (7%) e Manndara (6%) …
To rewo leydi ndii, e diiwaan Adamawaa oo, ɓuri heewde heen ko fulɓe. Ko ɓe juulɓe, tee aɓe njogii tiiɗndi no feewi e politik leydi ndii. Tee, gila ko ɓooyi, ko kamɓe carata diine lislaam e nder leƴƴi kirdi (paiennes). Aarabeeɓe Showa en e Masaas en e Kotoko en e Hawsankooɓe e Bayaa en … ina tawee ɗoon kadi.
To worgo leydi ndii, ɓuri hoɗde toon ko leƴƴi bantuuji (Duwaala, Betis, Aton, ekn…), kono, e nder dunli hee, tawetee heen tan ko kuumon (yimɓon ndaɓɓon).
Huunde e ɗii leƴƴi, haa teeŋti noon e Duwalaa en, njotondirii law e tuubakiri, ko ɗum tagi ɗum en naatde ekkol law e jogaade jannguɓe lomtinooɓe tuubakooɓe nde njahi ndee. Kono fof haɗaani, idii wonde hooreejo leyd ndii ko pullo rewanke, juulɗo, hono Aamadu Ahijjoo.
Bannge hirnaange leydi ndii ɓuri hoɗde heen ko Bamuun en e Bamileke en, anndiraaɓe ƴoƴtande njulaagu. Ko kamɓe mbaɗti Duuwaala laamorgo faggudu leydi ndii. Heen bannge e hirnaange leydi ndii, roni ko ɗemngal Engele, tawi noon, diiwanuuji rewo e hirnaange e hirnaange worgo ɗii, ɓuri doolnude e mum en ko ɗemngal Farayse. Hedde feccere yimɓe leydi ndii ko kereciyee en, hedde nayaɓal ko juulɓe, nayaɓal goɗngal diineeji gaadanteeji …
Ɗemɗe : Ɗemɗe leydi ndii ina keewi (hedde 300), tee ina njillondiri no feewi. Kono tan, eɗen mbaawi teskaade wonde ɓurɗe heen waawde haaleede ɗee, ko Fulfulde (rewo oo fof, haa heddii e Logon e Shari, ɗo Arab haaletee), e Beti e Basa (hakkunde keedɗo bannge worgo) e Bulu e pidjin english (bannge hirnaange kam e geejegol hee); ko ina ɓura miliyoŋaaji tati aadee ina kaala gootal e ɗeeɗoo ɗemɗe kala. Ɗemngal Ewonndo ina haalee e saraaji Yaawunnde e Duwaala. Ɗemɗe e leƴƴi ina keewi no feewi e leydi hee, haa ko hay gooto waawaa wiyde ko nii ɗi poti. Ko keewal majje e jillondiral majje, jibini ɗemɗe kese, kuutorteeɗe no feewi, baaɗe no “pidgin English”, “camfranglais”, e “franfulfulde".
Farayse e Engele
Kono, ko ɓuri maantinde e Kamaruun, ko yoga e maɓɓe kaalata ko Farayse (hedde 78%) e Engele (22%, bannge hirnaange worgo). To bannge doosɗe leydi ndii, kuulal 1, taƴre 3 : «Rippoobilik Kamaruun hiisii ko engele e farayse ngoni ɗemɗe laawɗinaaɗe, potndaaɗe. Dowla oo ina gaddii ƴellitde ɗemɗiɗaagal e nder leydi ndii no diidorinoo. Omo daranii reende e ƴellitde ɗemɗe ngenndiije ».
Ngam tabitinde ɗuum, guwarnama oo e hoore mum waɗata ko hilifaaɓe haalooɓe farayse e engele, juulɓe e kerecee en, so ina aaɓnoo, ummoriiɓe e diiwanuuji jeegom ɗii fof.
To bannge jaŋde, kuulal 5 sariya jowitiiɗo e jaŋde toownde wiyi “Dowla ina gaddii ɗemɗiɗaagal e nder jaŋde toownde, ina jaggiri ɗum geɗal naatnaatondiral e ngootaagu ngenndi. “
Ɗum noon, e nder duɗe jaaɓi-haaɗtirde, jannginooɓe ɓee ina mbaawi huutoraade ɗemngal ngal ɓuri waawde, hakkunde farayse e engele oo. Ko ɗum tagi, kala sanɗa mo huɓindaaki ɗemɗe ɗiɗi ɗee fof no moƴƴi, so jaŋde yontii, maa sawndoo sanɗa goɗɗo baawɗo farayse walla engele, ngam waañnjitaade winndannde rokkaande ndee. Ko farayse noon ɓuri yaajde e janngirɗe ɗee.
Wonande jaŋde hakkundeere e leslesre, ɗemɗe ngenndijje kaɗaaka, kono, e ko tabiti, kamaruunnaaɓe fof naatirta jaŋde ko e farayse walla engele, e fawaade e diiwaan woni oo. E hitaande jeegoɓere ndee noon, alaa e sago jannga goɗngal ngal.
Jaayɗe : To bannge jaayɗe, rajo ngenndi oo ina resani 28 ɗemngal ngenndiwal waktuuji 8 fat e nder yontere no diidorinoo. Ko heddii koo fof ko e farayse, engele rewi heen. E nder rajooji dowri ɗii noon, hedde joyaɓal haa nayaɓal emisoŋaaji ko e ɗemɗe ngenndiije. Ma a taw, alaa ɗemngal ngenndiwal gootal haaletee e tele ngenndi oo.
E fawaade e ko jangtaa dow koo, en paamii tan, geɗal ɗemɗe ngenndiije ina fooƴi no feewi e nder jaŋde leydi ndii, sibu ko farayse e engele ƴetti fof. Kala kamaruunnaajo mo waawaa gootal e ɗee ɗemɗe ɗiɗi, ko «tumaranke» e nder leydi mum, sibu so o yaltii wuro makko tan o aanat !
E raɓɓiɗinaade, alaa fof ɗemngal ngenndiwal huutortee, wonaa e njuɓɓudi laamu, wonaa e jaayɗe binndaaɗe, wonaa e jeeyngal, wonaa e tele ngenndi, wonaa e jaŋde, hay e jaŋde mawɓe ! Hay e nder galleeji maɓɓe, ko mawɓe ɓee kuutortoo ɗemɗe mum en ngenndiije e farayse walla engele, foti. Wonande sukaaɓe ɓee noon, ɓe ɓuri waade haalde ko e farayse walla engele (hedde 70%) e nder galleeji mum en. Alaa fof tuugnorgal laamu woodi ngam hisnude ɗemɗe ngenndiije, ƴellitde ɗum en haalaaka. Yoga e majje nii njogori ko majjude ɗoo e ndeen. Sibu, nde tawnoo feere woɗnde alaa, ɓe mbaɗti ko renndinde engele e ɗemɗe maɓɓe e farayse, haa ko ɗum jibinii ɗemngal kesal inniraangal «pidgin-english», ngal nganndu-ɗaa ɓuri farayse e engele fof so ndenndinaama, darjude. Kanngal woni hannde ɗemngal jehre, ɗemngal mbedda, ɗemngal « partout ».
Nii woni, e fawaade e wiɗto njuɓɓudi mbiyeteendi «Grimes» waɗnoo e hitaande 2005, ɗemɗe leydi ndii ina mbaawi fecciteede e pecce nay (4) mawɗe, fawaade e keeweendi haalooɓe ɗum e coftal mum en (Ƴeew haatumeere les ndee) *
Tawi noon farayse e engele e «pidgin-english» ina njogii, ko famɗi fof, gotal heen kala, ko ɓuri 2 000 000 muuynuɗo ɗum. Alluwal les ngal ina hollita wonde ɗemɗe ngenndiije kamaruun ɗee fof ngoni ko e majjude, so ƴeewaama keewal haalooɓe ɗum e ngonka mum e nafoore mum faggudu e renndo kam e ɓetirɗe coftal ɗemngal ɗe kollitno-ɗen e binndanɗe men gadane. Fulfulde Kamaruun daɗaani e ɗuum.
Bookara Aamadu Bah
Haatumeere keeweendi haalooɓe e coftal ɗemɗe Kameruun
Feccere limoore haaloɓe limoore ɗemɗe Ngonka
1 0 14 ñifɗe
2 jaasi 1 000 72 ɓarakke
3 1 000 haa 100 000 183 pamare
4 100 000 haa 700 000 14 mawɗe
Firooji
pidgin English : ko jillondiral engele e ɗemɗe goɗɗe keewɗe, sibu ngal heewi haaleede ko e nokkuuji ɗo ɗemɗe keewɗe koɗdi. Fotde miliyoŋaaji ɗiɗi ina kaala ngal.
Kamfranglais : ɗeɓi waade ko no farayse jillondirɗo e engele e ɗemɗe ngenndiije goɗɗe, kaaleteeɗo e Kamaruun.
franfulfulde : ko jillondiral hakkunde fulfulde e farayse. Ɓuri waawde huutoraade ɗum ko sanɗaaji renndooji jannguɗi e nder Kamaruun. Yeru, sanɗaaji duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Gawundere ina keewi haalde ngal.
Commonwealth of Nations ko fedde renndinnde ko ina abboo e 50 leydi, hono Angalteer e huunde leyɗe gonooɗe e njiimaandi mum (koloniiji mum ɓooyɗi). Commonwealth daranii ko potal, calagol paltoor, demokaraasi e gardingol sariya. E hitaande 1991, nde yaltini bayyinaango Haraare, ɗo nde heɓtini nafoore heeriinde jojjanɗe aadee, kam e nehaagu demokaraasi e potal rewɓe e worɓe, e ƴellitaare duumiinde e ndeenka sato.
OIF (Organisation internationale de la francophonie) woni Fedde winndereere farankofoni. OIF ko njuɓɓudi dowlaaji dennduɗi kuutoragol ɗemngal farayse kam e won ɗeen piɓle, ko wayi no «keɓtingol keewal pine», deeƴre, ngardiigu demokaraasi, tiiɗtingol dowla ɗooftiiɗo sariya, ndeenka sato. 77 dowla e guwarnama ko terɗe dental ngal hannde. Yimɓe mum ɓurii 890 miliyoŋ aadee, rennduɓe kuutoragol ɗemngal farayse e ɗooftagol ɓure winndereeje. Fedde ndee ina jogii juɓɓule pewjooje, ko wayi no Joɗnde hooreeɓe dowlaaji e gurnamaaji (njuɓɓudi ɓurndi toowde), njoɗotoondi laawol gootol duuɓi ɗiɗi kala e gardagol Kuulaaɗo Kuuɓal Farankofoni. Oon koolaaɗo kuuɓal ko Abdu Juuf (gila 2003). Fedde ndee sosaa ko e hitaande 1970 e tuugnaade e Nanndiral Ñaamee (Niiseer). E nde daranii ballondiral hakkunde terɗe mayre ngam nafoore yimɓe mum en. E nde jogii njuɓɓudi diisneteendi, hono « Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie (APF) » e gollorɗe karalleeje nay, ɗeen ngoni «Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF)» e tele TV5, e «Association internationale des maires francophones (AIMF)» e «Université Senghor ».
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