Laamu Dahomee (Danhomee e ɗemngal biyeteengal Fon) jeyaa ko laamuuji Afrik ɓooyɗi, ngonnoongu bannge hirnaange worgo leydi Benin hannde ndii, ngoodnoongu hakkunde teeminannde 17ɓiire e ciltirɗe teeminannde 19ɓiire. Hedde hitaande 1 600, Dahomee jeyaa ko e laamuuji doolnuɗi e nder diiwaan mum, ngu heɓti huunde e gure mawɗe jiimnooɗe e geec Atalantik, ko wayi no tufnde Uwiyda. E ko ɓuri teeŋtude e teeminanɗe 18 e 19 fof, dowla Dahomee ko dowla doolnuɗo wonnoo, haa natti yowitaade e laamu Oyo en, kono o wonti mbalndi ɓurndi teeŋtude njulaagu jiyaaɓe rewrude e Atlantik, sibu ko kayri huuɓnantunoo Orop e Amerik fotde joyaɓal (20%) jiyaaɓe mum en. Ko e 1984 laamu nguu naattinaa e Afrik hirnaange farayseejo, ndi wonti koloni Dahomee. Ndi jeytii hoore mayri ko e 1960, ndi wonti ndenndaandi Dahomee, hade mayri wontude Ndenndaandi ɓesngu Beneŋ e hitaande 1975 e Ndenndaandi Beneŋ e 1990.
Laamu Dahomee ina joginoo inɗe keewɗe e mbinndinaaji keewɗi : Dankome, Danhome, e Fon. Helmere ‘’Fon’’ ndee joofii ko leñol e ɗemngal « Fon » ɓurngol heewde e laamu hee.
« Gila e teeminannde 13ɓiire wefotooɓe purtugeecnaaɓe puɗɗii yillaade « Tufnde Dahomee » ndee, anndiraande kadi « tufnde Jiyaaɓe », kono ko e 1725 tuubaako faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Jean Prévault heɓi yamiroore waɗde ɗoon jehreeji, ko ndeen njulaagu jiyaaɓe hakkunde Normanndi e ɓaleeɓe fuɗɗii.
E no aadaaji nokkuyeeji mbiyri, Yuruba en ummorii ko e diiwaan Ketu (hirnaange worgo Niiseriyaa, fuɗnaange Beneŋ) ko e teeminannde XVIɓiire, koɗoyi to Tado, sara maayo Mono. Goomuuji ɗiɗi peeñi ɗoon : Ewe en, tiindiiɓe hirnaange (leydi Togo hannde ndii) e Fon en (Dahomee en) siiñtuɓe bannge fuɗnaange.
Fon en cosi laamuuji tati. Caggal ɗuum laamuuji ɗiɗi goɗɗi kadi compaa caggal golwole : Abomee e Adjatse (Porto Novo). Kono ɓooyataani laamu Abome, innitiraangu Dahomee fooltii laamuuji keediiɗi ɗii kam e Yurubaa en. Nii woni Fon en, ummoriiɓe ko ɓooyaani e laamu Yurubaa en keedaangu nguu, cosi laamu Dahomee hedde hitaande 1600…
Daraja laamu Dahomee e teeminannde XVIIɓiire haa yettii feccere adannde teeminannde XIXɓiire fof tuugii ko e njulaagu jiyaaɓe. Hedde kitaale 1750, laamɗo biyeteeɗo Tegbesu ina yeeyatnoo tuubakooɓe, hitaande kala, ko ina ɓura 9 000 jiyaaɗo. Ine hiisee wonde ngalu ngu o dañatnoo heen nguu ina sowoo laabi nay haa joy joom leydi en ɓurɓe alɗude e nder leydi Angalteer. Laamu nguu yanatnoo ko e diiwanuuji catiiɗi ngam dahde yimɓe. Sahaa e sahaa fof laamu Oyo en ina waawnatnoo ngu dartinde njulaagu nguu, nde tawnoo hay yimɓe mum kisaani heen, njulaagu nguu dartoo seeɗa, kono ɓooyataa ɓamta.Nde tawnoo laamɗo biyeteeɗo Abandosan (1797-1818) ronkii huuɓnude jiyaaɓe e ko rewondiri, miñiiko biyeteeɗo Geso (Ghézo) kam e jula jiyaaɓe beresilnaajo biyeteeɗo Francisco Félix de Susa (1818-1858) liɓi mo. Njulaagu jiyaaɓe ƴellitii haa heɓi kaaɗtudi. Geso fooli laamlaamu Oyo en e hitaande 1823, hankati tonngitii e nguu njulaagu mbonngu. E kitaale 1850, ƴellitagol wuro Abeokuta dartorinoongo reende yimɓe e njannguuji Dahome kam e uddo laaɗe biritannaaɓe mbaɗnoo e kitaale 1851 e 1852 ngam dartinde njulaagu jiyaaɓe, mbaawni Geso dartinde njannguuji mum e jaɓde woppude njulaagu nguu.
Yonta koloñaal
E kitaale 1870 haa 1880 ko Farayse jiimnoo daande geec ndee sibu nanondiriino e hitaande 1878 e laamu nguu ngam waɗtude tufnde Kotonu ndee e ndeenaandi mum (protectorat). « Idii jooɗanaade Farayse to Dahome ko lietnaa kolonel biyeteeɗo Disnematin-Dorat, jiimnooɗo Porto-Novo, Kotonu e Popos. Kono Engele en e Purtugeec en e Almaa en ceeraano e ɓurɓude laamɗo Glegle, ina nguurta ɗum e amen ». Ko hono noon Farayse wuurtirtunoo, e 1883, hoohooɓe Porto-Novo e Dahomee.
Nde Behansen (Behanzin : 1889-1894) heɓti laamu, o fuɗɗorii ko yande e ndeenaandi Farayse, o yedditii nanondiral jowitiingal e Kotonu. Ko ɗuum tagi golwole ɗiɗi ɓilaade hakkunde Farayse e Dahome hakkunde 1890 e 1894. Konuuji Seneraal Alfred-Dodds njaggi Behansen, taccini ɗum, keɓti nokku mum, njoɗɗini laamɗo biyeteeɗo Agoli-Agbo e jappeere. Nde oon fuɗɗii wiyde ina salanoo ɓe, ɓe pusi laamu mum, ɓe taccini ɗum, hay so tawii ɓe njamirii ɗum artude ɗoon e hitaande 1910 ngam tawtoreede kewuuji.
Koloni farayseejo oo, denndinnooɗo laamu nguu, e Porto-Novo, e nokku jaajɗo bannge rewo, inniraa « Koloni Dahome ». O heɓi jeytaare makko e 1960, o inniraa Ndenndaandi Dahome, hade makko innitireede Beneŋ e hitaande 1975.
Ɓiɗɗo galle laamu Dahomee cakkitiiɗo, ɓiy Behansin, sankii ko Ndakaaru ñalnde 19 mee 1928, wirnoyaa Bordoo, hade mum ubbiteede artiree Beneŋ ñalnde 24 settaambar 2006.
Bookara Aamadu Bah,
Ƴoogirde : Wikipedia
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