Yoga e leyɗe duunde Afrik nde ina piɓi mawninde hikka, caggal duuɓi cappanɗe joy, keɓgol jeytaare mum caggal nde ɓoorii tiimaandi Farayse e darorɗe kitaale capanɗe jeegom. Hol to ngoo miijo ummorii ? Ina gasa tawa ɗum ummorii ko to tiimnooɓe ɓe (sabu e Moritani ko nelaaɗo Sarkosii yettini miijo ngo Wul Abdel Ajiiju), to Senegaal kam, ina wayi no ɓeen lelnii tuugnorgal mum en no kebori mawninirde hitaande nde e tee puɗɗiima siynude ɗum.
Duuɓi 50 caggal jeytaare Afrik : ngonka e kappanɗe
Ina jeyaa e ko saabii tiimgol leyɗeele Afrik yiɗde won e leyɗeele Orop hoonaade e aduna oo e gaddanaade faggudu mum en keɓgol ngaluuji tago ko wayi no oogirɗe (njamndi, kaŋŋe, peterol ekn…) mbele ina ƴellita mbaylaaji mum en.
Tiimgol e kalfugol leƴƴi ko huunde ɓooynde e nder renndo aadee en, etee ina teskaa ko heewi heen saabotoo ɗum ko geɗe faggudu, maa wonii ko yiɗde honde ngaluuji janani, walla macciɗinde yimɓe mbele ina ligganoo ɗum (ko ɗum nawi ɓaleeɓe to Amerik, to Antiiy ekn…). Nde wonde yoga e leyɗeele Orop, gila ko ɓooyi ndaranii ko yiylaade leyɗeele ɗe tiimi, haa waɗti won e sahaaji eɗe kawrita e nokku gooto haa ɗum jibina kareeli hakkunde maɓɓe, e hitaande 1884-1885 ɓe pelliti noddondirde e wuro wiyeteengo Berlin(Almaañ) ngam feƴtitaade Afrik, wona gooto heen fof annda keerol mum ɗo haaɗdi e keddiiɗo o. E hitaande 1905 tawi kodenndaangal duunde Afrik nde feƴtondiraama hakkunde Farayse, Engele, Almaañ, Portugaal, Espaañ, Italii e Belsik, ko ɓuri heewde heen ko noon, nawi ɗum ko Farayse e Engele en.
Hay gooto daartantaake kiisgol ndiiɗoon tiimaandi : golle waawnere, bilanka, lempooji, ñallineede e naange, ɓoftude dubuuje ekn… Ɗum ko seeɗa heen tawde en kaalaani tawo warngooji e loppitgol jawɗeele janane e dusgol ngaluuji men tago ngam wayloyde ɗum e isinaaji, ruttoo yeeyta men njeñaari ndi (otooji, abiyoŋaaji, hay laysetaaji jiidaani e nguura …) e coodgu warhoore. E nder hare adunayaŋkoore ɗiɗmere, leyɗeele tuubakooɓe ɗe, teeŋti noon e Farayse e Engele mbaɗi ko « mobburu » ɓofti yoga e sagataaɓe leyɗeele Afrik, ɗe nawi ɗum en mbele ina mballita ɓe e wolde hakkunde maɓɓe e Almañ mo Hitleer, yoga e maɓɓe ko toon keddi, dañnooɓe artude ɓe ngartidi e baasal mum en… Ko e ɗiiɗoo duuɓi battindiiɗi, caggal sippirooji keewɗi pelle daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee e aduna oo, ɓe keɓtinanaa potgol hakkeeji e soldateeɓe Faraysenaaɓe yaadiiɓe maɓɓe e wolde he.
Ñifgol wolde adunayaŋkoore ɗimmere e tiimtaandi kesiri
Ko caggal ñifgol wolde aduyaŋkoore ɗimmere e poolgu maalde haɓɓondirnooɓe (les Alliés) koɓuri teeŋtude e ɓeen ko Farayse, Engeleteer, Amerik, Riis en ekn… ; Ko caggal nguun poolgu dillere hesere naati e nder leyɗeele Afrik e nder aduna oo kala pooɗantooɗo ndimaagu ejeytaare leyɗeele Afrik ɗe ; Nde wonde gila e kitaale 1930 leyɗeele koloñaal en ɗe cuɓtinooma won e sukaaɓe Afriknaaɓe njannginoyi ɗum en e iniwersiteeji mum en ngam huutoroyaade ɗum en ko fayi arde cuuɗi mum en, ko wayi no Jomo Keñataa en (Keniyaa), Kuwaame N’Kurumah en (Gaana), Seŋoor (Senegaal) Ufuwet Buwaañi to Koddiwaar, nde wonde noon ɓeen kumpitiima toon miijooji kesi baaɗi no jeytaare, ndimaagu, demokarasi ekn… ngartiri ɗum e nder leyɗeele mum en. Ndeen dillere alaa ɗo heddi e jookli Afrik haa e duunde Asii. E fuɗɗoode, leyɗeele tuubakooɓe ɗe njattini, mbiyi ina caloo ndeen ɗaɓɓaande, kono nde wonde ɗum yaajii no feewi, etee won e leyɗeele nii puɗɗiima umminande ɗum fiyannde (Alaseri, Enndosiin) jiidaani e murtooji keewɗi, ɓe pelliti deestaade sabu hulde hoto «joorngol sumorde keccol». Eɗen ciftora e oon sahaa Farayse waɗi «referaandoom» e nder leyɗeele ɗe tiimnoo ina naamnoo ɗum en so ina njiɗi heddodaade e Farayse e nder dowla gooto (communauté Française). Ko e oon sahaa kadi, e hitaande 1958, «Non»(Alaa) jaabawol daartiyaŋkeewol ngol Seeku Tuure to Gine jaaɓtinoo Seneraal Deegool jaayteteengol haa e ñalawma hannde oo, wonani Faraysenaaɓe winndannde wonde haŋkati, Afrik ɓoccitiima.
Ko ɗum waɗi, e puɗɗorɗe kitaale 60, Farayse fuɗɗii rokkitde won e leyɗeele ndimaagu mum en : fuɗɗorii ko e GINE sabu jaabawol Deegool e «Alaa» mo Seeku Tuure ko wiyde ɗum, so tawii «njiɗɗon tan ko jeytaare mon, ɓamee» kono noon, ɓamee makko ko gonduɗo e mettere sabu wayi tan kono jokkii heen ko «onon e koye mon». Tuggi Saawiyee haa noowammburu 1960, sappo e jeetati leydi heɓi hoore mum, Muritani ko heen jeyaa.
Tiimtaandi kesiri, ko lolliri hannde «Françafrique» e muuyaaɗe demokarasii e nder Afrik.
Tuggi nde leyɗeele Afrik ɗe keɓi koye mum en haa e darorɗe kitaale cappanɗe jeenay (90), yoga e leyɗeele ɗe ndeeƴaani. Ina jeyaa e ko saabii ɗum geɗe ɗiɗi teeŋtuɗe haa tati :
1-Tiimnooɓe ɓe haa jooni ittaani juuɗe mum en e leyɗeele he, laamɗo jaɓanɗo ɓe, ɓe ƴaaña ɗum, jiɗɗo rootaade ɓe, ɓe njuɓɓina pollugol mum.
2-Caggal wolde adunayaŋkoore ɗimɗmere, ɓuri hoonaade haŋkati e aduna oo ko Amerik e Riisi. Waɗi ɗum ko ɓe mboniraaka no feewi e nder wolde he, ɓeen ne ngoni ko e fooɗondirde aduna oo. Ɗum waɗi e oon sahaa, heewii ko nan-ɗen e nder Afrik : ndii leydi reftii ko Amerik , ndiitoo nananta tan ko Riisi.
3-Dille mawɗe ina peeñi e yoga leyɗeele ɗe, daraniiɗe kaɓtagol tiimaandi kesiri ndi (néo-colonialisme). Yoga e majje ƴoogata miijanteeri mum en ko e miijooji Karl Markse, Leniin e Maawoo Tse Tung. Ko ɓuri tiiɗde e ko ɓe pelirta laamuuji maɓɓe, ko wiyde wonde ko«laamuuji kedditiiɗi tawo e tiimaandi leyɗeele Orop ɗe, laamɓe ɓe ko yeenaaɓe, ko jeytaarende heɓaa ko leydi ƴellitaaki, heege ina lutti tawo sabu en njeñtintaa nguura men, ligganto-ɗen tan ko leyɗeele tiimnooɗe ɗe, ngaluuji men fof ndusaama payraama toon, etee demokarasii woodaani e leyɗeele he… ». Raɓɓinde haala tan, ko waame jeytaare arnoonde e Afrik adanaani ɗum ƴellitaare : faggudu ndu ko ko borji, deeyre dañaaka e nder renndooji he, hay won leyɗeele nanndiraani hakkunde mum en ina pooɗondira keeri (yeru Kameruun-Nijeriya, Libi-cad ekn…), ñamaale pawndirɗe luɓaaɗe e leyɗeele mawɗe walla e baŋkeeji winndere nde, tawii ko ardiiɓe porlata ɗum en, ruttee fawee e dow keeceeje miskineeɓe.
E nder hitaande 1990 hawrii e ƴettugol laamu to Farayse Miteraa lomtiiɗo Jiskaar, yimɓe njaakorii maa wood ko waylii e jotondiral hakkunde tiimnooɓe e tiimaaɓe. Ɓeydi ndeen yaakaare kadi ko kaŋko Miteraa o noddii leyɗeele Afrik gonnooɗe e tiimaandi Farayse kala, o wiyi laamɓe mum wonde « hay gooto e mum en, ko fayi arde, hol to ɗamino e makko ballal so tabitinaani e leydi mum ko wiyetee demokararasii e kormagol jojjanɗi aadee », ɗum waɗnoo kowuro wiyeteengo «La Baule». Gooto e maɓɓe fof nde hooti tabitini ko o haali ko, no yiɗiri, walla kam no anndiri alaa ko bonnanta ɗum e laamu mum (ciftoren demokarasii Maawiya e oon dumunna caggal nde yooɓii pitaali keewɗi e nder leydi he).
Ko laaɓti tan, e dawrugol Farayse e nder leyɗeele Afrik, ɗum noon ko lanndaaji politigi ɗii kala (ñaami ɗi, hakkundeeje ɗi walla nannani ɗi) ko ɓe ngalaa heen giɗo walla sehil, ɓe njiilotoo tanko nafoore maɓɓe. Laamɗo bonantaaɓe so tawii ina danndi nafooje maɓɓe, hay so tawii noonko baroowo yimɓe walla jaɓɓoowo jojjanɗe aadee. Hannde, hay gooto waawaa wiyde ina sifoo mbaadi jotondiral Farayse e leyɗeele Afrik (dipolomasii maɓɓe), kono ina laaɓani yimɓe kam, wonde laamɓe wellitɓe ɓe e ngaluuji leyɗeele mum en fof, e ɓe korsini ɗum en, ko wayi no Gaboŋ, Anngola, Nijeriyaa ekn…sabu petorol mum en, Niseer sabu Iraniyum mum, hay so tawii noon Mammadu Tannja tolsinii demokarasii e nder leydi mum sabu jaɓɓugol doosgal leydi ndi. En njiyii, e hitaande 2009, yimɓe ndoŋku tan yoo darnde Farayse laaɓtan ɗum en kofeewti e kuudetaa Wul Abdel Ajiiju, nde wonde hawri ko e Total (sosiyetee peterol mo Farayse) ina meeroo ɓulli peteroŋ jiytaaɗi e Muritani. E ñalawma hannde o, wayi ko no dowla Farayse alaa dawrugol feewde e Afrik, kono ko dawrugol won ɗeen tuddule mooltiiɗe e laamu ciynata yiɗde mum, ɗum woni ko lolliri hannde «Françafrique». Hol ko woni Françafrique ? Ɗum, kohuunde mettunde huɓindaade sabu wonaa ko laawɗinaa kono so en njiɗii eɗen mbaawi siforaade ɗum no tuddunde renndinnde Afriknaaɓe, Faraysenaaɓe, won e laamɓe leyɗeele e Afrik, julaaɓe ko dagii e ko dagaaki fof (yeru dorog) heewnde jawdi e jotondire ɗe laaɓtaani, daraniinde huutoraade juɓɓule laamuuji mbele ina ƴellita heen fiyakuuji mum. Nehaande tuddunde nde noon woni ko Farayse. Ko ndeen tuddunde hannde haɗi jaaral yeeso e nder Afrik, ko kayre haɗi demokarasii ƴellitaade, artiri kuudetaaji e jaɓɓugol doosɗe leyɗeele e nder leyɗeele men.
Batane demokarasii hannde e nder Afrik ina niɓɓiɗi, sabu sereendu feeñnoondu e fuɗɗoode kitaale 90 ardundu e mooɓondire ngenndi (Conférences nationales), wellitaare to bannge politigi, kormagol jojjanɗe aadee ekn….woni ko e sukkaade, etee woni sabaabu mum ko won e leyɗeele Orop wasiyinooɓe ɗum, tawde teskaama ko kamɓe ngoni wakilaaɓe waɗooɓe kuudetaaji ɓe (Farayse e Espaañ e nder Muritani). Ɗum hannde ko ngoƴa wonannde demokaraat en e ngenndiyaŋkooɓe kala. Ko ɗum saabii batu ndenndunoongu e darorɗe lewru Feebiriyee 2010 to Ndakaaru, ndenndinngu yoga e partiiji luulndo gonɗi e Afrik bannge hirnaange, tawi ko Parti Socialiste (PS) mo Senegaal e Union des Forces du Progrès mo Muritani mbisminoo heen partiiji ɗi. E nder nguuɗoon batu, tawtoranooɓe ɓee fof kollitii faayre mum en e batane demokarasii e nder Afrik, etee ɓe njoopiima heen darnde Farayse nde fooƴtaaki.
Ko goonga caggal duuɓi capanɗe joy jeytaare Afrik, wiyetaake wonde en ɓosaani sabu wonko waylii e leyɗeele men, gila e jaŋde mum, karallagal kesal, safaruuji, jolngooji e peeje kumpital, kono kadi keptinen wonde ina waawnoo ɓurde ɗoon so tawii en loowiino laabi pooƴtiiɗi to bannge ɗowgol renndooji men to bannge demokarasi, e compugol dowla tuugiiɗo e sariya e nuunɗal. Ɗum fof noon waawata aamnaade ko tawa tiimnooɓe en haŋki ɓe ina ngoppidi en e sagooji men e suɓaade ardiiɓe ɓe kooli-ɗen, tawa ko nuunɗuɓe, ngenndiyaŋkooɓe. Ko ɗum waɗi siftorde men hikka duuɓi 50 ko keɓ-ɗen jeytaare men, foti wonande en ko loowgol hoore boowal kesal ngam daranaade ɓural e toowal leyɗeele men.
Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop
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