En njiyiino wonde warngooji mumti-leñol ɗii ndartii ko ñalnde 17 sulyee 1994, caggal nde FPR, e gardagol Pol Kagame, heɓti ko ɓuri heewde e leydi ndii. FPR ne, nder hare mum keɓtugol leydi ndii, reenii tutsi en daɗnooɓe ɓee, kono kadi heɓii warde ardinooɓe laamu ɓennungu nguu heewɓe, ko aldaa e ñaawoore. Won ciimtol gootol HCR feññini wonde FPR warii hakkunde 25 000 e 45 000 neɗɗo, hakkunde abril e ut 1994, kono wonaa sabu mum en jeyeede e leñol.
Fotde 1 074 017 neɗɗo mbaraama e ndee hare mumtoleñol e fawaade e ciimtol ngol ministeer Ruwannda kalfinaaɗo njuɓɓudi leydi, yaltini. Kono, ko 934 218 maayɗo tan ngoni heɓtinaaɓe tigi rigi. Golle binnditagol ɗee ina potnoo jokkeede, sibu caɗeele keewɗe kawraama e golle binnditagol gadane ɗee : ŋakkeende kabaruuji keniiɗi wonande won ɗiin diiwaniiji ɗo galleeji mumtaa haa laaɓi, won ko yejjitaa, won saliiɓe haalde sibu hulde hoto mbiyeede yo ngar ceedtoo e ñaawooje ekn.
Ko ɓuri heewde e waraaɓe ɓee, mbardaa ko sabu mum en heɓtineede ko tutsi en (93,7%), heen 1% mbardaa ko sabu ina njiidi, walla ina ndesondiri maa ko sabu ina njogii sehilaaɓe tutsi en ; heen 0,8% mbardaa ko sabu ina nanndi e tutsi en ; heen 0,8% mbardaa ko sabu mum en jogaade miijooji luulndiiɗi miijooji laamu ndeen nguu, walla sabu mooftii ɓe warooɓe ɓee ndiddatnoo…
E kuuɓal, 53,7% e waraaɓe ɓee ko sukaaɓe ɓe ndañaani duuɓi 24 ; heen 41,3% ko sagataaɓe yahrooɓe hakkunde duuɓi 25 e 65 ; Worɓe ɓee (56,4%) kadi ɓuri rewɓe ɓee (43,3%) wareede.
To bannge golle, ko remooɓe fof ɓuri wareede (48,2%), rewi heen ko elewaaji jaŋde hakkundeere e toownde (21,2%). Ko heddii koo ko sukaaɓe tokosɓe ɓe naataani ekkol e nayeeɓe dañɓe ko ɓuri duuɓi 65 (16,8%). 37,9% e maayɓe ɓee ko jaasi mbardaa ; heen 16,8% ko cabbi, heen 14,8% ko fetel. E nder waraaɓe ɓee fof, heen 0,5% ko rewɓe bonnaaɓe, deedi mum en ceekaa. Won heen kadi ko wartiiɓe, werlaaɓe nder beeli walla duppaaɓe ina nguuri.
Ñaawirɗe winndereeje e ngenndiije e mumtoleñol
Caggal ngoo mumto leñol, laamu kesu nguu yiɗii ñawndude caɗeele ɗee e welditinde ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii. Kono ɗuum waawaano aaɓnaade gaa gaa geɗe ɗee mbittaaka to ɓuri luggiɗde, haa anndee ko saabii ɗum en tigi rigi, hol warɓe, e hol waraaɓe, e hol ko mbardaa ekn, ñaawoore waɗee, warnooɓe ngannda mbaɗii ko boni, njaafnoo…
Nde Ruwannda ummanii ñaawde warkoyeeɓe ɓee, tawi alaa ko woodi e leydi hee. Nii woni laamu nguu ɗaɓɓi ballal winndere ndee ngam mahtaade tippudi mum ñaawoore. Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe sosi Ñaawirde kuuge winndereere wonande Ruwannda (ÑKWR), kono Ruwannda salii nde, sibu ɗum yahdaani e ko ɗaɓɓunoo koo.
Ñaawirde kuuge winndereere (TPI) kañum sosaa ko ñalnde 1 sulyee 2002, ɗum noon waawaa ñaawde ko adii sosngo mum. Ñaawirde kuuge winndereere wonande Ruwanndaa ndee, ñaawii huunde e ardinooɓe leydi ndii nde warngooji ɗii mbaɗata ndee (fotde nayaɓe tati ardinooɓe guwarnama cabborɗo oo).
Laamu Ruwannda kesu nguu dariima darnde tiiɗnde ngam dartinde ñaawirɗe leyd ndii : heblude ñaawooɓe, artirde e leydi hee ñaawooɓe yaltunooɓe leydi ndii, dañande tummaɓe ɓee heedooɓe, yuɓɓinde wullittiiɓe ɓee, renndinde ngalu e kaɓirɗe mbele ñaawirɗe ɗee mbaawa gollaade… Ruwannda hawrii e caɗeele keewɗe nde tawnoo warkoyeeɓe ɓee ina keewi haa ɓurti tee ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ngonaano e kasoo. E hitaande 1998, so ñaawooje ɗee njokkiriino no puɗɗorinoo nii, duuɓi 200 njonataano ngam ñaawde wonnooɓe e kasoo ɓee tan. Ɗuum waɗi feere woɗnde sakkaa, so tuugnaade e ñaawirde gaadanteeje gure, ko anndiraa Gacaca, wonande waɗboniiɓe tokosɓe, ñaawirɗe Ruwannda ngenndiije ɗee ñaawa waɗboniiɓe hooreeɓe ɓee, ko wayi no yuɓɓintunooɓe golle ɗee walla takkaaɓe njanii e rewɓe.
Nii woni ñalnde 15 saawiyee 2005, 8 000 gacaca keso puɗɗii golle, njanti e 750 ñaawirɗe gacaca jarriborɗe companooɗe gila e hitaande 2001 e nder huunde e diiwanuuji leydi ndii. Kañje poti ñaawde miliyoŋaaji keewɗi waɗboniiɓe ɓe nganndu-ɗaa siynatnooɓe tan. Ñalnde 10 mars 2005 ñaawooje puɗɗii e leydi hee kala.
Daɗɓe e bonannde ndee ina pamɗunoo e yimɓe leydi hee, kono ɗuum haaɗaani waɗboniiɓe ɓee hulde gacacaaji ɗii ; fotde 6 000 neɗɗo etiima daɗde e ñaawoore hee, ndogi, mooloyii Burunndi kono laamuuji Burunndi e Ruwannda ngartiri ɓe forso e leydi hee e lewru suwee 2005. Amnesty International (AI) e Reporters sans frontières (RSF) ñiŋii gacacaaji ɗii, mbiyi ɗi ɗooftaaki piɓle nuunɗal…
Ñaawirɗe ngenndiije ɗee toppitinoo ko geɗe ɗiɗi : – gullitaali feewde e Ruwanndanaaɓe wonɓe e leyɗe goɗɗe, – takkaaɓe jokkondirde e momtoleñol ngol, fawaade e fiɓnde kattan winndereejo (compétence universelle) e gullitaali feewde e yimɓe ɓe njeyaaka Ruwannda tawi ngoni ko e leyɗe mum en, tawi ina moddi e momtoleñol tutsi en to Ruwannda. Fiɓnde « Hattan winndereejo » addanii huunde e ñaawirɗe ngenndiije waawde toppitaade won ɓeen ardinooɓe warhoore ndee. Yeru ñaawoore waɗii to Siwis, ñaawooje ɗiɗi to Belsik, ñaawooje keewɗe to Kanada. Ñaawooje goɗɗe ina njokki to Farayse. Ñaawirde Orop toppitiinde hakkeeji aadee fawii kuugal e Farayse e hoore mum sabu mum leelde toppitaade wullitaango huccinaango e mum faatungo e gardo diine katolik Ruwanndanaajo gooto. Ñaawoore adannde waɗnde Farayse faatunde e momtoleñol tutsi en to Ruwannda joopinoo ko biyeteeɗo Paskaal Simbikangwa, pawaaɗo kuugal kasoo duuɓi 25 ñalnde 14 mars 2014. E sulyee 2016 kadi, joɗnde ñaawirde Pari fawii kuugel kasoo kaaɗdi nguurndam e warkoyeeɓe ɗiɗo, mawɓe wuro Karabondo to Ruwannda.
Ruwandanaaɓe kadi kalmiima koninkooɓe Farayse jeyanooɓe e « operation turquoise ». Gullitaali 3 kadi njoɗɗinaama Farayse e hitaande 2004 (sabu jangol e rewɓe) ; gullitaali 6 e hitaande 2005 to ñaawirde konuuji to Pari sabu « gondugol e warhoore aade e momtoleñol ». Kono oon tirbinaal uddaama gila ndeen, gullitaali ɗii paatinaama to ñaawirde woɗnde sosaande e hitaande 2012.
E hitaande 2007, ruwaanndanaaɓe heewɓe ɓe ÑKWR (TPIR) yiylotonoo nanngaama to Farayse. Ñalnde 18 oktoobar 2007, Dominik Ntawukururyayo nanngaama to Farayse, ñaawaa e hitaande 2010 ndee, fawaa kuugal duuɓi 25 kasoo. Ñalnde 20 saawiyee 2009, Sosten Munyema, doktoor cafroowo, gollotonooɗo to Farayse nanngaama nawaa ñaawirde Bordoo mbele ina neltiree Ruwannda sibu ko ñaawoore Ruwannda yiylotonoo mo, sabu makko tuumeede jeyeede momtileñol en e hitaande 1994 ; kono o woppitaa, o waɗaa e ndeenka ñaawoore.
Bookara Aamadu Bah
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