Mbayliigu pinal e ƴellitaare ganndal: Jubbannde he Daartol Encyclopédie.
Ko ñalnde 01/07/1751, tumbbitere adannde Encyclopedie mo Diderot e d’Alembert yalti. Ɗuum noon woniino fuɗɗoode fayde he yolnde ƴellitaare ganndal nde hono mum meeɗaani yiyeede he nder Farayse e Orop kala. Ɗuum jibinii kadi baylogol e hakkillaaji maɓɓe he tonngude hoore mum tan he miijooji donaaɗi ko aldaa e ñaawtoraade ɗum hakkillantaagal e luggiɗinaade he miijo.
Teemadannde 18 ɓre, he nder Orop, laatinooma yonta ƴellitaare gannde e miijooji kesi, mo ene feeña he ballifanɗe keewɗe, gila e Filosofi, coñce e ganndiyeewal (science) haa e hiisaweeje. Ko ɗuum waɗi teemadannde ndee noddireede “Yonta Lewlewal” (lumiere), nde tawnoo he nder Orop ngaan saanga ene waɗnoo waalde annduɓe innitortooɓe “Lewlewalyankooɓe” (illumine), ɗuum woni yaltuɓe he niɓɓere majjere naati he lewlewal ganndal e hakkilantaagal. Ko ɓe udditaninooɓe yiɗde ƴellitde ganndal e reen’de kurmondiral hakkunde yimɓe kala, rewrude e hurmaade yiyannde kala neɗɗo, kala miijo mum walla fiɓnde mum diineyankoore walla dawrugol.
Dillere (mouvement) lewlewal ko dillere filosofi, coñce e ganndal ƴellitiinde he feccere wattindiinde he teemedannde 17ɓre. Ene jeyaa e semmbinɓe ndeen dillere, filosof en ko wayno Spinosa (Spinoza), Locke, Bayle e Newton, caggal ɗuum nde sarii he nder Orop kala haa yetti Farayse he teemadannde 18ɓre. Darnde maɓɓe wonno ko haɓaade kala tooñannge, leptireede fiɓnde mum diineyankoore walla yiyannde mum dawrugol. Ɓe ndaranii wuurtin’de gannde, senaare (l’éthique), ŋeeñal (arts), jime e coñce. Ballifanɗe maɓɓe ene njogii rewam mawɗam he joljole patamlame baɗnooɗe he gasirɗe teemedannde 18ɓre, ko wayno declaration of Independence 1776, gonɗo sabaabu jibineede Dowlaaji Dentuɗi Amerik, e Rewolison mo Farayse 1789 -1794, gonɗo sabaabu ɗoofgol toon laamuuji ndonu sompi laamu Republique.
Eɓɓo e Binndugol Encyclopedie
Ɗo adan ɗoo, eɓɓo ngoo wonno tan ko firde deftere Ephraim Chambers nde tiitoonde mum wonno Cyclopaedia, fuɗɗiinde muuleede gila 1728. Cyclopaedia ko saggotorde waɗnde nate (Dictionnaire illustré) he ɗemngal Engele tan wonno, kono Farayse he ngaan saanga alaano ko waynoon, nde tawnoo mecce e fecciram-gollaagu ko huunde hoybinanoonde wonnoo he nder maɓɓe. He 1745 Gottfried Sellius, ganndo dowluɗo jeyanooɗo he Royal Society, ɗaɓɓiri saatiyanke (editeure) Parinaajo ene wiyee André Le Breton, mbele ene fira Cyclopaedia he farayse. Caggal yah ngartaaji keewɗi ɗi njibinaani hay huunde, miijo ngoo yetti Denis Diderot e musiɗɗo mum Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, ɓeen pelliti nawde eɓɓo ngo ɗo ɓuri toowde e miijo arwanngo ngoo. Ɓe eɓɓi winndude deftere yaajniinde tawa ene renndi he nder mum denndaangal fannuuji ŋeeñe, gannde e mecce ganndanooɗe he oon yonta.
He lewru 10ɓru 1750, ɗerewol eɓɓoore yalti ene sifoo ko jogori won’de loowdi deftere ndee ngam ɗaɓude yimɓe hunotooɓe ene coda nde so nde yaltii, kadi kala binnditiiɗo yoo fuɗɗo 60 livre, mbele eɓe ndaña ko ɓe muuldi deftere ndee. Lewbi jeegom fof maɓe njaltin tummbitere, kala keɓɗo tummbitere mum kadi ene jogii ko foti yoɓde, ko noon haa nde ɓe njoofnoyi deftere ndee kala. Ujunnaaje (guluuje) nayo neɗɗo mbinnditii heen.
Hayso eɓɓo winndude deftere Encylopedie ngoo jeynoo ɗum ko filosof kadi wallifiyanke ŋana oo ne, woni Denis Diderot (1713-1784), golle ɗee ene laaɓndinoo annduɓe heewɓe e haralleɓe mo woni kala adda ballal mum he fannu mum mo heerori. Yeru: d’Alembert binndunooɗo naatirka deftere ndee o, ko kanum toppitinoo ko fayti e hiisiwe, Bellin heedti he natinokkuwal (geographie), Daubenton guurɗewal, Rousseu heedti e gaaci (musique) faggudu e dawrugol, Tronchin jogii safaara, Voltaire, Montesqiueu e d’Holbach keedti e ganndal kimiyeewal (chimie), Turgot, Forbonnais e Quesnay kanum en mballi e faggudu, Berthoud peewnugol montoraaji (horlogerie). 150 annduɓe e haralleeɓe, gooto heen kala addi heen ballal mum ngam haa golle ɗee mbaawi joofde. He arwannde ɓe eɓɓunoo tan ko winndude tummbte sappo, kono nde golle ɗee timmi tawi deftere ndee woni 28 tumbitere. Kadi golle ɗee ƴetti fotde duuɓi cappanɗe tati.
Loowdi Encyclopdie
Dictionnaire Raisoné des Science, des Arts et des Metiers (Saggitorde Gannde, Ŋeeñe e Mecce) ko noon woni innde deftere nde, wall so en ndaɓɓikiniima mbiyen Encyclopedie, wonno fayndaare mum ko sifaade he mbaydi ɓurndi yaajnaade e timmude, fannuuji ŋeeñal, gannde e mecce ganndanooɗe he oon yonta ɗe kala. He teemadannde 18ɓre innde ŋeeñal walla ŋeeñe (les Arts) ene nawori kala ko neɗɗo ene dilla (golloo) he mum. Yeru: Golle junngo, golle masiŋ (les arts mecaniques), golle hakkilleyankooje ko wayno ganndal mbewu, gaaci e losik (les arts liberaux) walla les beaux-arts ( Natde, sehde, gaaci, jime, ngamri, mago e diidngo-mahdi – l’architecture).
Sarde ganndal he kala fannuuji mum tawa ko he mbaydi yaajndi hono no Encylopedie eɓɓirnoo ɗum ni, ko yiyannde hesere kadi wonndunde e himme toowɗo. Renndinde Filosof en e fannoriiɓe ganndeyeewal walla karallaagal, fof denta ene ngollodoo e binndugol deftere wootere ko huunde nde meeɗaani yiyeede ko adii ɗuum.
Fayndaare ansiklopejiyankooɓe wonno ko nehde e finndin’de rewrude he udditgol damuɗe gannde kala haa yaaja, tawa ene newanoo kala aadee waawde janngude e faggitaade ganndal; riiwtude humambinndiyaagal, ƴellitde karallaagal e fecciram-gallagu ngam haa wona sabaabu ɓamtaare faggudu ndu ene addana kala neɗɗo waawde wuurde nguurndam newiɗam.
He ndee ɗoo yolnde fatamlamiire, sikke ala, wonaa duusooɓe e hirjonooɓe tan ɓe njogino heen, kono kadi won darinooɓe lang ene paddooɓe e yuumtin’de ɗeeɗoo golle. Teeŋtinoon e mawɓe diine en ɓee walla laamɓe ganni en ɓee, ɓe yiyannde mum en wonno ko, won e binndanɗe maɓɓe ene mbaɗi jiyanɗe luutndiiɗe diine e aadaaji moƴƴi, walla pelooje maɓɓe e ngonka renndo ngoo ko noddooje fayde e murteende e jaltugol he ɗowtaare. Kono ansiklopejiyankooɓe mbayno ko hno no teɓɓitiiɓe dow tulde nii ene ndega mbaawa dartaade, sabu ɓe mettiima dakamme ganndal no loɓɓiiɓe paalel njuumri ni, walla hono no wallifiyanke gooto wiyrunoo ɗum ni, “ɓe mbayi e ganndal hankadi ko hono no dawaaɗi kusnaaɗi e barogel ni. E ɓe cooynoo ɗum yeeso tan eɓe ndoga eɓe ngabbo heen. Alaa ko waawi dartin’de ɓe.”
Wallifo encylopedie jibinii mbayliigu heewngu he nder hakkillaaji Faraysenaaɓe, haa ɓuri teeŋtude he yiyannde maɓɓe he meccal walla ko ɓe mbiyata gollal junngo walla gollal masiŋ (les arts mecaniques). Ko hono no kadi jiyanɗe maɓɓe he ko faati he jojjannde kala aadee e ndimaagu mum (les droits Naturel).
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