Nana Asma’u, dewbo Pullo kaɓananooɗo Wellitaare dewbo duuɓi 100, ko adii dillere Feminisma
Nana Asma’u walla Neene Asmaawu, sabu ko noon woni innde ndee tigi, ko dewbo pullo lolluɗo he nder daartol Afrik kam e daartol diine Islaam. Neene Asmaawu (1793-1864) ko ɓiy Seyku Usmaan Dan Foodiyo, diidnooɗo laamu Fulɓe Sokoto o. Ko o dewbo ganndo, joom tiiɗndi e geɗal mawngal he nder leydi Sokoto (Nigeria), keɗananooɗo kadi o wonnoo.
Omo joginoo darnde yiytiniinde he dawrugol, nehdi e mbayliigu renndo Sokoto. Kono ko addani Nana Asma’u lollude ko won’demo ganndo kuɓɓuɗo he yonta makko, tawi he oon yonta, yoga e leyɗeele biyeteeɗe hannde ƴellitiide ɗee rewɓe mum en ene ndummbaa he kasooji majjere; ngalaa hay jojjannde wootere saka noon konngol he nder dawrugol leyɗeele mum en. He ngaan tuma, oo dewbo pullo, ɓiy laamiiɗo juulɓe, tawi kanum ko ganndo kuɓɓuɗo, ceernaajo jannginoowo rewɓe e worɓe kala, kadi winndiyanke ŋana. He nder duuɓi cappanɗe nay, ko anndaa he ko o winndi ene wona cappanɗe jeegom wallifo, tawa ko ɓuri heen heewde winnda ko he ɗemngal makko neeniwal, Fulfulde, ko heddi koo ko he Arabeere e Hawsankoore.
Nana Asma’u jibinaa ko 1793, o inniraa ko Asma’ bintu Abuubakri Sidik, ko sabu huruum he oon dewbo saahibe addaniɓe noddirdemo “Neene” ngam añde soowtude innde mum. He cukaaku makko o seedinooma heen Jihaadi Fulɓe (804-808) e golwole mum en he nder leydi Hawsa, jeyɗe sabaabu darogl laamu Juulɓe Sokoto he gardagol baaba makko, Seyku Usmaan Ɓiy Foodiyo.
Nehdi e Jaŋde
Ene jeyaa he geɗe teskinɗe he noddaandu (da’wah) Seyku Usman, ko himme mo o rokkunoo jaŋde rewɓe oo. O winndi jime keewɗe he Fulfulde/Pulaar e Hawsankoore ngam hirjin’de wonnde yoo rewɓe njanngine nganndinee diine mum en Islaam. O winndi kadi ko heewi he ɗemngal Arab ngam felde seernaaɓe ɓe njannginaani ɓesnguuji mum en rewɓe ɗii, e jaabaade kadi heen woɗɓe huccinatnooɓe e makko ñiŋoore sabu ko rewɓe tawtortee waajuuji makko ko. Ko ɗuum waɗi he nder galle Seyku Usmaan jaŋde faltaaki gorko e dewbo. Ɓiyɓe nakko rewɓe ɓee njanngirta ko hono no worɓe ɓee ni. Hayso tawii ko Nana Asma’u ɓuri lollude he nder maɓɓe ne, woɗɓe ko wayno Maryam e Faatimatu, yanti e suddiiɓe galle oo ɓe, ko wayno Aysatu (A’isha) e Hawwa’u, ko anndiranooɓe won’de wallifiyankooɓe kadi e joganoode konngol he ko yowitii he dawrugol leydi ndi.
Hono no kala almuudo he ganndal Islaam he nder renndooji juulɓe ɓaleeri Afrik ni, Neene Asmaawu fuɗɗorii jaŋde ko janngude Qur’aan haa o reeni deftere Allah nde, caggal ɗuum o naatani janngude defte sariya e ɗemngal Arab e defte suufiyankooɓe haa teeŋti he Qaadiriyyah laawool ngol ɓe mbirdatnoo he ngaan tuma. Omo haalatnoo ɗemɗe nay, neenewal makko Fulfulde, Hawsankoore, Arabeere, e Tamasek (ɗemngal Tuwaareg en). Kadi omo winndatnoo he tati gadane ɗee he huwtoraade alkule ajami (alkule Arab).
Naana Asmaawu Yimiyanke kadi Jannginoowo
Laamuuji juulɓe Fulɓe ɗii kala, gila Fuuta Jalon, Fuuta Tooro haa he Sokoto, kuwtoriima jime e beyti ngam janngin’de diine e sarde tinndinooje Islaam. He nder renndo ngo woowaani huwtoraade binndol, hono no renndooji Afrik haanki ɗi nii, jime e beyti ko coñce newnatnooɗe sarde miijooji e tinndinooje ko yaawi kadi nawa ɗum en to woɗɗi tawa ko e dumunna daɓɓo. Yimre ene weeɓi huñaade kadi so joom mum ene yima, nde tawnoo heewi won’de ko daande mum dow, so goɗɗo heɗiima ɗum ene waawi kanum ne huñoraade yimre nde. Ko he ndiin ɗoon mbaydi tinndinooje Islaam carorii he nder dowlaaji juulɓe haa ɓuri teeŋtude he hiirnaange Afrik.
Nana Asma’u huwtoriima won’de mum eeltanaaɗo ɗemngal (omo haala ɗemɗe nay) e haayaneede binndol ngam wallifaade jime keewɗe e firde ballifanɗe baaba makko Seyku Usmaan ummoraade he ɗemngal Arab, o waɗti ɗum en he Fulfulde walla Hawsankoore.
Ballifanɗe Neene Asmaawu ene tinndina no ganndal makko he Islaam way yaajde e luggiɗde. Hakke cappanɗe jeegom e ballifanɗe makko ene lutti haa jooni majjaani. He ballifanɗe makko omo jaŋtoo heen ko yowitii he daartol, e toɓɓe goɗɗe ko wayno waajuuji, jeertinooje, wasiyaaji ɗiggere (piete), e jaarooje.
Nehde e Janngin’gol rewɓe
Nana Asma’u waɗi ko ɓuri heewde he nguurndam mum ko he janngin’gol rewɓe e rokkude ɗum en nehdi Islaam. Hedde 1830, o sosi dental rewɓe jannginooɓe ngal o inniri “Jajis”, Ko rewɓe ɓe o heblata kanko e hoore makko, o janngina ɗum en haa o okka ɗum en seedanfaagu. Ɓeen kanum en ne njaha he nder leydi he ene njanngina rewɓe he nder galleeji mum en tawa kuwtortoo ko binndanɗe makko e wallifooji makko. Ɓeen Jajis en ene keɓtinirtenoo e ɓuurnungal mum en keeringal. Adan, fayndaare ndee wonnoo ko janngin’de tuuburu en hesɓe ɓee holno mahortoo he Islaam, gila e ɓoornungal juulɗo haa e holno juuldetee walla holno dewe Allah goɗɗe ɗee ne ngollirte. Binndanɗe Nana Asma’u ene njannginatnoo ɗum ɗoo kala, kono kadi eɗe kirjinatnoo fayde jikkuuji suufiyankaagal e mahaade he dow Sunna, rewrude he teeŋtin’de he nder jime makko hol ko woni jikkuuji neɗɗaagu, timmal e kulol Allah. Aadee wonaa ngalu, laamu walla daraja waɗat ɗum neɗɗo. Neɗɗaagal ko kulol Allah e fiɓnde sellunde kanum e wuurde nguurndam ceniɗam tawa ko poocci ɗam. O rokka heen yeruuji keewɗi fawaade he nguurndameeje suufiyankooɓe yawtuɓe, rewɓe e worɓe wuurnooɓe nguurndam ɗiggere e ruuɗaare aduna, ko wayno mawni makko gorko, laamiɗo Juulɓe Muhammad Bello. Ko laamɗo, galo kadi ganndo, kono ko jankininooɗo newiiɗo kadi kaaraysire.
Ooɗoo daraja fof noon, haɗaano Nana Asma’u won’de dewbo desaaɗo kadi keddiiɗo he les joom galle mum. Jooma galle makko, Maalam Giɗaaɗo, ko gooto e almuuɓe Seyku Usmaan ɓadiiɓe ɗum jeyanoo. O tawtoraama golwole jihaadi Fulɓe he nder leydi Hawsa o kala, kadi winndi ko heewi he ko yowitii e daartol oon jihaadi e mahgol dowla Islaam mo Sokoto.
Ndonateeri e Daartol
Ko Nana Asma’u rontini yontaaji garɗi caggal mum ɗii wona tan jime e beyti, kono ko jikkuuji e neɗɗaagal ɗi loowdi ɗeen jime e beyi tinndinatnoo ɗii. O rontini ko janngin’de wonnde gorko e dewbo kala ndenndi fotde he kuwtorogol dokke ɗe Allah waɗi he mum en ngam haa mbaawa addude ballal mum en e mahde renndo seniingo. Renndo nuunɗal, ɗo mo woni kala ene hurmaa he neɗɗaagal mum; renndo ɗo dewbo ene waawi jogaade wellitaare janngude e gollaade tawa haɗaani ɗum suuraade he reen’de senaare mum.
He nder worgoori Nigeria, haa jooni Nana Asma’u ko ñemtinirɗo, ñemmbeteeɗo. Pelle rewɓe keewɗe e nokkuuji janngirɗi keertoronaaɗi rewɓe ko kanko innira.
Yoga e binndanɗe mako hannde nana piraa ene mbaɗtaa he ɗemɗe Oropnaaje haa teeŋti he Engele. Heewɓe kadi mbaɗii wiɗtooji walla mballifii defte he makko. Ene jeyaa heen Jean Boyd he deftere nde tiitoonde mum woni:The Caliph’s Sister: Nana Asma’u 1793–1865: Teacher, Poet and Islamic Leader (1989), e One Woman’s Jihad: Nana Asma’u, Scholar and Scribe nde wallifii ɗum Beverly B. Mack e Jean Boyd (2000).
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