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license: apache-2.0
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A composite of Chinese books, papers, legal documents, and patents from common crawl.

**Data cleaning**
- Text with more than 2% of non-Latin, non-Chinese characters are removed.
- Text with large portions of special characters are removed.
- Traditional Chinese is converted to simplified Chinese.

**Model filtering**

Qwen2.5-32B-Instruct is used to generate language quality annotation (on a scale of 1-5) for 398K Chinese samples and 250K English samples. An XLM-RoBERT-large classifier is trained with regression on these annotations. Any document receiving a score of 1 or 2 from the classifier is removed.

**Dataset Statistics**

Number of samples: 47,087,808.

Disk size: 214G parquet files.