Wann lebte der letzte Mensch, der Sumerisch als Muttersprache sprach?
Als Muttersprache, weiß zunächst mal nicht, aber als Studienfach, im Ersten = Letzten Jahrhundert vor Christus.
Also, als Muttersprache, nun … Gabriele Rost sagte "vor ca. 3.700 Jahren" …
Sumerian language - Wikipedia
Language of ancient Sumer Sumerian (Sumerian: 𒅴𒂠 , romanized: Emeg̃ir , lit. '' native tongue '') is the language of ancient Sumer . It is one of the oldest attested languages , dating back to at least 2900 BC. It is accepted to be a local language isolate and to have been spoken in ancient Mesopotamia , in the area that is modern-day Iraq . Akkadian , a Semitic language, gradually replaced Sumerian as a spoken language in the area c. 2000 BC (the exact date is debated), [4] but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Akkadian-speaking Mesopotamian states such as Assyria and Babylonia until the 1st century AD. [5] [6] Thereafter, it seems to have fallen into obscurity until the 19th century, when Assyriologists began deciphering the cuneiform inscriptions and excavated tablets that had been left by its speakers. This proto-literate tablet (c. 3100 – 2900 BC) records the transfer of a piece of land ( Walters Art Museum , Baltimore ) The first known Sumerian-Akkadian bilingual tablet dates from the reign of Rimush . Louvre Museum AO 5477. The top half is in Sumerian, the bottom half is its translation in Akkadian. [7] [8] The history of written Sumerian can be divided into several periods: [9] Archaic Sumerian – c. 2900 BC to c. 2600 BC Old or Classical Sumerian – c. 2600 BC to c. 2100 BC Neo-Sumerian – c. 2100 BC to c. 1700 BC Post-Sumerian – after c. 1700 BC . Archaic Sumerian is the earliest stage of inscriptions with linguistic content, beginning with the Early Dynastic period from about 2900 BC to 2600 BC. It succeeds the proto-literate period , which spans roughly 3300 BC to 2900 BC. The term "Post-Sumerian" is meant to refer to the time when the language was already extinct and preserved by Mesopotamians only as a liturgical and classical language for religious, artistic and scholarly purposes. The extinction has traditionally been dated approximately to the end of the Third Dynasty of Ur , the last predominantly Sumerian state in Mesopotamia, about 2000 BC. However, that date is very approximate, as many scholars have contended that Sumerian was already dead or dying as early as c. 2100 BC , by the beginning of the Ur III period, [4] [10] and others believe that Sumerian persisted, as a spoken language, in a small part of Southern Mesopotamia ( Nippur and its surroundings) until as late as 1700 BC. [4] Whatever the status of spoken Sumerian between 2000 and 1700 BC, it is from then that a particularly large quantity of literary texts and bilingual Sumerian-Akkadian lexical lists survive, especially from the scribal school of Nippur. Sumerian school documents from the Sealand Dynasty were found at Tell Khaiber , some of which contain year names from the reign of a king with the Sumerian throne name Aya-dara-galama. [11] Classification [ edit ] Sumerian is a language isolate . [12] [13] [14] [15] Sumerian was at one time widely held to be an Indo-European language , but that view later came t
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerian_language#Stages
Laut dem Artikel sind die Stadien des Sumerisch:
Frühsumerisch ca. 3200 - 2500 v. Chr.
Altsumerisch ca. 2500 - 2200 v. Chr.
Neusumerisch ca. 2200 - 2000 v. Chr.
Spätsumerisch ca. 2000 - 1700 v. Chr. ?
Nachsumerisch (Sumerisch als Fremdsprache) ca. 2000 oder ca. 1700 - einige Jahre / Jahrzehnte v. Chr.
Nehmen wir an die Daten kämen aus Kole-14-Datierungen wären hierzu dies zu berichtigen:
3200 = 1845
2500 = 1667
2200 = 1633
2000 = 1610
1700 = 1533