['The', 'gas', 'exchange', 'processes', 'are', 'separated', 'into', 'two', 'physicochemical', 'substeps', ',', 'the', 'first', 'is', 'the', 'gas', '–', 'liquid', 'equilibrium', 'between', 'the', 'two', 'phases', ',', 'and', 'the', 'second', 'is', 'the', 'chemical', 'reaction', 'in', 'the', 'water', 'phase', '.']