cortex and hallucinations. Biological Cybernetics, 101, 3-18. doi: 10. 1007/s00422-009-0315-8 Heron, W. (with D. O. Hebb). (1961). Cognitive and physiological effects of perceptual isolation. In P. Solomon (Ed. ), Sensory deprivation: A symposium held at Harvard Medical School (pp. 6-33). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Heron, W., Doane, B. K., & Scott, T. H. (1956). Visual disturbances after prolonged perceptual isolation. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 10, 13-18. doi:10. 1037/h0083650 Herrmann, C. S. (2001). Human EEG responses to 1-100 Hz flicker: Resonance phenomena in human visual cortex and their potential cor-relation to cognitive phenomena. Experimental Brain Research, 137, 346-353. doi:10. 1007/s002210100682 Herschel, J. F. W. (1867). Familiar lectures on scientific subjects. London, England: Alexander Strahan. Hess, R. F., Harding, G. F., & Drasdo, N. (1974). Seizures induced by flickering light. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Op-tics, 51, 517-529. doi:10. 1097/00006324-197408000-00001 Holcombe, A. O., Macknik, S. L., Intrilgator, J., Seiffert, A. E., & Tse, P. U. (1999). Waves and spokes: New motion-induced brightness illu-sions. Perception, 28, 1231-1242. doi:10. 1068/p2965 Horowitz, M. J. (1978). Image formation and cognition (2nd ed. ). New York, NY: Appleton. Horton, J. C. (1996). Patterns of ocular dominance columns in human striate cortex in strabismic amblyopia. Visual Neuroscience, 13, 787-795. doi:10. 1017/S0952523800008658 Horton, J. C., & Hedley-White, E. T. (1984). Cytochrome oxidase studies of human visual cortex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: Series B. Biological Sciences, 304, 255-272. doi:10. 1098/ rstb. 1984. 0022 Hughlings Jackson, J. (1958). Selected writings of John Hughlings Jackson (Vols. 1-2). New York, NY: Basic Books. Jackson, S. R. (2001). Action binding: Dynamic interactions between vision and touch. Trends in Cognitive Science, 5, 505-506. doi:10. 1016/ S1364-6613(00)01792-7 James, W. (1920). The letters of William James (Vol. 2). Boston, MA: Atlantic Monthly Press. Jirsa, V. K., & Kelso, J. A. S. (2000). Spatiotemporal pattern formation in neural systems with heterogeneous connection topologies. Physical Re-view E, 62, 8462-8465. doi:10. 1103/Phys Rev E. 62. 8462 Kammer, K., Puls, K., Erb, M., & Grodd, W. (2005). Transcranial mag-netic stimulation in the visual system: II. Characterization of inducedphosphenes and scotomas. Experimental Brain Research, 160, 129-140. doi:10. 1007/s00221-004-1992-0 Kanai, R., Chaieb, L., Antal, A., Walsh, V., & Paulus, W. (2008). Fre-quency dependent electrical stimulation of the visual cortex. Current Biology, 18, 1839-1843. doi:10. 1016/j. cub. 2008. 10. 027 Kellerman, J., Rigler, D., & Siegel, S. (1977). The psychological effect of isolation in protected environments. American Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 563-565. Kelly, D. H. (1985). Visual processing of moving stimuli. Journal of the Optical Society of America: A. Optics, Image Science & Vision, 2,216-225. doi:10. 1364/JOSAA. 2. 000216 Kenet, T., Bibitchkov, D., Tsodyks, M., Grinvald, A., & Arieli, A. (2003, October 30). Spontaneously emerging cortical representations of visualattributes. Nature, 425, 954-956. doi:10. 1038/nature02078 Kennett, S., Taylor-Clarke, M., & Haggard, P. (2001). Noninformative vision improves spatial resolution. Current Biology, 11, 1188-1191. doi:10. 1016/S0960-9822(01)00327-X King-Smith, P. E., Loffing, D. H., & Jones, R. (1986). Rod and cone ERGs and their oscillatory potentials. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 27, 270-273. Retrieved from http://iovs. org/content/27/2/ 270. full. pdf /H11001html Kishimoto, K., & Amari, S. (1979). Existence and stability of local exci-tations in homogeneous neural fields. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 7,303-318. Klu¨ver, H. (1966). Mescal and mechanisms of hallucinations. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Knoll, M., Kugler, J., Eichmeier, J., & Höffer, O. (1962). Note on the spectroscopy of subjective light patterns. Journal of Analytical Psychol-ogy, 7, 55-69. doi:10. 1111/j. 1465-5922. 1962. 00055. x Knoll, M., Kugler, J., Höffer, O., & Lawder, S. D. (1963). Effects of chemical stimulation of electrically-induced phosphenes on their band-width, shape, number and intensity. Confinia Neurologica, 23, 201-226. doi:10. 1159/000104299 Kölmel, H. (1985). Complex visual hallucinations in hemianopic fields. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48, 29-38. doi: 10. 1136/jnnp. 48. 1. 29 Kondo, S., & Miura, T. (2010, September 24). Reaction-diffusion model as a framework for understanding biological pattern formation. Science, 329, 1616-1620. doi:10. 1126/science. 1179047 Lashley, K. S. (1941). Patterns of cerebral integration indicated by the scotomas of migraine. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 46, 331-339. Retrieved from http://archneurpsyc. ama-assn. org/cgi/reprint/46/2/331 Lea˜o, A. A. P. (1963). On the spread of spreading depression. In M. A. B. Brazier (Ed. ), Brain function: Cortical excitability and steady potentials (pp. 73-85). Berkeley: University of California Press. Lepore, F. (1990). Spontaneous visual phenomena with visual loss: 104 patients with lesions of retinal and neuronal afferent pathways. Neurol-ogy, 40, 441-447. Retrieved from http://neurology. org/content/40/ 3_Part_1/444. full. pdf /H11001html Luczak, A., Bartho, P., & Harris, K. D. (2009). Spontaneous events outline the realm of possible sensory responses in neocortical populations. Neuron, 62, 413-425. doi:10. 1016/j. neuron. 2009. 03. 014 Mac Kay, D. M. (1957a, October 26). Moving visual images produced by regular stationary patterns. Nature, 180, 849-850. doi:10. 1038/ 180849a0 Mac Kay, D. M. (1957b, November 23). Some further visual phenomena associated with regular pattern stimulation. Nature, 180, 1145-1146. doi:10. 1038/1801145c0 Mac Kay, D. M. (1965). Visual noise as a tool of research. Journal of General Psychology, 72, 181-197. doi:10. 1080/00221309. 1965. 9710688 Mac Kay, D. M. (1978). The time-course of induction of complementary images. Vision Research, 18, 913-916. doi:10. 1016/0042-6989(78)90017-2 Marg, E., & Rudiak, D. (1994). Phosphenes induced by magnetic stimu-lation over the occipital brain: Description and probable site of stimu-lation. Optometry and Vision Science, 71, 301-311. doi:10. 1097/ 00006324-199405000-00001 Marr, D. H., & Hildreth, E. (1980). Theory of edge detection. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 207, 187-217. doi:10. 1098/ rspb. 1980. 0020 Mayzner, M. S. (1975). Studies of visual information processing in man. In R. L. Solso (Ed. ), Information processing and cognition: The Loyola Symposium (pp. 31-54). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Mc Dougall, W. (1904). The variation of intensity of visual sensation with the duration of the stimulus. British Journal of Psychology, 1, 151-189. Retrieved from http://pao. chadwyck. co. uk/PDF/1298216434325. pdf Meinhardt, M. (2003). The algorithmic beauty of seashells. Berlin, Ger-many: Springer-Verlag. Merton, P. A., & Morton, H. B. (1980, May 22). Stimulation of the cerebral cortex in the intact human subject. Nature, 285, 227. doi:10. 1038/ 285227a0 Motokawa, K. (1970). Physiology of color and pattern vision. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag. Mulleners, W. M., Aurora, S. K., Chronicle, E. P., Stwert, R., Gopal, S., &769 HALLUCINATIONS AND CORTICAL PATTERN FORMATION