Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 4% nke ọrịa cancer akpa ume nke na-abụghị obere sel na-agụnye EML4-ALK tyrosine kinase fusion gene. Mgbanwe nke epigenetic dị ka mgbanwe nke methylation DNA, histone tail, ma ọ bụ microRNA mgbanwe nwere ike ịkpata inactivation nke mkpụrụ ndụ suppressor gene. Ihe dị mkpa, mkpụrụ ndụ cancer na-eguzogide nrụgide oxidative, nke na-enyere ha aka ịnagide ma na-eme ka ọnọdụ mgbochi mgbochi nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa cancer ọgụ. Mgbanwe na K-ras proto-oncogene na-akpata ihe dịka 10<unk>30% nke ọrịa adenocarcinomas nke akpa ume. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 4% nke ọrịa cancer akpa ume nke na-abụghị obere sel na-agụnye EML4-ALK tyrosine kinase fusion gene. Mgbanwe ndị ọzọ na-emekarị site na mkpụrụ ndụ carcinoma nke na-emetụta ọrịa cancer akpa ume nwere ike igosipụta site na mkpụrụ ndụ carcinoma nke na-ebute ọrịa cancer na-emetụta mkpụrụ ndụ carcinoma nke na-ebute ọrịa carcinoma nke na-
c-MET, NKX2-1, LKB1, PIK3CA, na BRAF