Ọ bụ usoro a na-ejikọta ọnụ, dịka otu di na nwunye na hydroxyl oxygen, benzene pi igwe ojii, nitrogen di na nwunye, p orbital na carbonyl carbon, na otu di na nwunye na carbonyl oxygen niile na-ejikọta ọnụ. Ọnụnọ nke ìgwè abụọ na-arụ ọrụ na-emekwa ka benzene mgbanaka na-emeghachi omume nke ọma na electrophilic aromatic substitution. Ebe ọ bụ na ndị na-anọchite anya ya bụ ortho, para-directing na para na-emetụta ọnọdụ ọ bụla na ibe ha, ọnọdụ niile dị na mgbanaka ahụ dị ma ọ bụ na-erughị. Njikọ ahụ na-ebelata oke nke oxygens na nitrogen acid, ebe ọ na-eme ka ụgwọ nke hydroxyl anion. Ajụjụ: Gịnị na-eme mgbe mmechi nke hydroxyl anion?
na-ebelata basicity nke oxygen na nitrogen