N'oge nnukwu mgbawa, a pụrụ imepụta lava nke dị iri ma ọ bụ ọbụna ọtụtụ narị kilomita n'ogologo, nke mejupụtara nke ukwuu nke basalt silicate lava na ma ọ bụ mafic ma ọ bụ ultramafic (magnesium-ọgaranya) ihe mejupụtara. Dị ka ihe si na ọrụ a pụta, sọlfọ, sọlfọ gas na silicate pyroclastic ihe (dị ka ash) na-efegharị ruo 200 km (120 mi) n'ime oghere, na-emepụta nnukwu, nche anwụ-dị ka plumes, na-ese gburugburu ala na-acha uhie uhie, na-acha uhie uhie, na-enyekwa ọtụtụ narị ihe maka ikuku nke Io na magnetosphere jupụtara na Jupiter Ajụjụ: Gịnị kpatara okpomọkụ?
ebe ugwu na-agbọpụta ọkụ na nnukwu mmiri ọkụ