Mezue ahịrịokwu na-esonụ: Tọrọ ntọala na 1990 site n'aka Susan D. Shaw (dị ka Marine &amp; Environmental Research Institute), e guzobere Ụlọ Ọrụ Shaw iji nyochaa ma kpughee ihe ize ndụ ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi site na sayensị ọhụrụ na itinye aka na mmekọrịta mmekọrịta iji melite ahụike mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. A ma Shaw ama n'ụwa niile maka ịsụ ụzọ nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi dị elu na mmetọ oke osimiri, mgbanwe ihu igwe, mmanụ mmanụ, na plastik nke kpalitere iwu ọha na eze ihe karịrị afọ iri atọ. N'afọ 1983, ya na onye na-ese foto ala Ansel Adams, bipụtara "Overexposure", akwụkwọ mbụ iji depụta ihe ize ndụ ahụike nke kemịkalụ foto. A na-ewere Shaw dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị mbụ gosiri na ọgwụ ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ bụ́ ndị e ji bromine mee, bụ́ ndị e ji eme ihe n'ihe ndị a na-ere ere, emerụwo ụmụ anụmanụ ndị na-enye mmiri ara ehi na azụ ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Oké Osimiri Atlantic. Ọ ghọrọ onye sayensị mbụ mikpuru onwe ya n'ime mmiri mmanụ dị na Gulf of Mexico mgbe mmanụ dị n'ime ya gbapụsịrị.
2010 BP Deepwater Horizon mmanụ rig mgbawa iji nyochaa mmetụta nke chemical dispersants eji na nzaghachi ka mgbapụta.