Mezue ahịrịokwu na-esonụ: Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium, nke na-enweghị ike ijide obodo ahụ megide ọganihu Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, nyefere ya na 1423 na Republic of Venice. Venice jidere obodo ahụ ruo mgbe Ottoman Sultan Murad nke Abụọ jidere ya mgbe ọ nọchibidoro ya ruo ụbọchị atọ, na 29 Machị 1430. Ndị Ottomans weghaara Thessaloniki na 1387, mana ha tufuru ya mgbe ha meriri na
Agha nke Ankara megide Tamerlane na 1402, mgbe a manyere ndị Ottoman na-adịghị ike ịlaghachi ọtụtụ ókèala na Byzantines.