Mezue ahịrịokwu na-esonụ: A kpọtụrụ ya aha ozugbo na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke John Skylitzes na 990s (ca. 994 dị ka Nicholas Adontz si kwuo), mgbe Emperor Basil nke Abụọ họpụtara ya, n'oge ahụ ka ọ na-etinye aka na ogologo oge
agha na Bulgaria, dị ka "strategos" na Philippopolis. N'afọ 1000, ya na Nikephoros Xiphias, o duru ndị agha nke weghaara ngwa ngwa Bulgarian nke Great Preslav, Little Preslav (Presthlavitza) na Pliska, na-emecha mweghachi nke Byzantine na-achịkwa n'akụkụ ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke steeti Bulgarian, nke Emperor John Tzimiskes meriri na mbido 970s. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Theodorokanos lara ezumike nká n'ihi afọ ndụ ya, Xiphias nọchiri ya.