Nkebi ahịrịokwu 1: The isi ìgwè π (atụ ogho) bụ Z isomorphic. Nkebi ahịrịokwu nke 2: The isi ìgwè π (spin) bụ isomorphic ka Z. Ajụjụ: Ọ̀ bụ otu ihe ka ahịrịokwu nke mbụ na nke abụọ pụtara? Ee ma ọ bụ Ee e?
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