 Before the Civil War, followers of the Catalanist "Lliga" were largely of the middle class, while industrial workers (many of whom did not speak Catalan) were more likely to support either socialism, represented by different political parties and the UGT union, or anarcho-syndicalism (CNT and FAI).A left-wing nationalist party, the Republican Left of Catalonia ("Esquerra" or ERC) was formed in 1931 and soon grew to overshadow the "Lliga".Upon the restoration of autonomy in the late 1970s, the dominant party in the Catalan parliament was until 2003 the conservative nationalist Convergence and Union (CiU) led by Jordi Pujol.