 The overwhelming majorities for independence in the 2014 and 2017 referendums are dubious as a reflection of overall opinion, owing to low turnout and, in 2017, to police action during the poll.Extensive opinion polling on the issue of independence has taken place in Catalonia.One series of such polls shows that support for independence increased markedly after 2011, and settled around 40% between 2015 and 2017.