 The harsh living conditions at the end of the previous century led to the formation of bands of outlaws, but also to the creation of political associations and charitable organizations which worked to improve the living conditions of the lower classes.On the eve of World War I, from the 7th of June to the 13th of June, 1914, known in Italy as "Settimana Rossa" (Red Week), there was widespread unrest in Alfonsine, during which both the city hall and the church were set on fire.During World War II, bloody clashes between the occupying Germans, Allied forces and Italian partisans, took place in Alfonsine, especially along the Senio river.