 Galician rural society came to be characterised by poverty and an "extreme subdivision" of land holdings, with large-scale emigration to other parts of Spain and to America.As early as the 11th century Galicia united with León, which itself was incorporated in the Kingdom of Castile in 1230.Social conflict came to a head in the revolt of the "Irmandiños" in the late 15th century, following which the Catholic Monarchs reduced the powers of the Galician nobility.