 The identity of the mother of some of Llywelyn's children before this union is uncertain, but the following are recorded in contemporary or near-contemporary records.Children by Joan


Children by Tangwystl Goch (died c. 1198)


Children whose parentage is uncertain




A number of Welsh poems addressed to Llywelyn by contemporary poets such as Cynddelw Brydydd Mawr, Dafydd Benfras and Llywarch ap Llywelyn (better known under the nickname "Prydydd y Moch") have survived.Very little of this poetry has been published in English translation.