 Frazer's notion that magic had given way to religion as part of an evolutionary framework was later deconstructed by the folklorist and anthropologist Andrew Lang in his essay "Magic and Religion"; Lang did so by highlighting how Frazer's framework relied upon misrepresenting ethnographic accounts of beliefs and practiced among indigenous Australians to fit his concept of magic.The functionalist approach to defining magic is associated with the French sociologists Marcel Mauss and Emile Durkheim.In this approach, magic is understood as being the theoretical opposite of religion.