 Whatever was left of Avar power was effectively ended when the Bulgars expanded their territory into the central and eastern portions of traditional Avar lands around 829.According to Pohl, an Avar presence in Pannonia is certain in 871, but thereafter the name is no longer used by chroniclers.Pohl wrote, "It simply proved impossible to keep up an Avar identity after Avar institutions and the high claims of their tradition had failed".