 The endophytes have been identified as "Burkholderia" bacteria.A second type of bacterial leaf symbiosis is found in the genera "Fadogia", "Fadogiella", "Globulostylis", "Rytigynia", "Vangueria" (all belonging to the tribe Vanguerieae), where "Burkholderia" bacteria are found freely distributed among the mesophyll cells and no leaf nodules are formed.The hypothesis regarding the function of the symbiosis is that the endophytes provide chemical protection against herbivory by producing certain toxic secondary metabolites.