 Diarrhea remains the second leading cause of infant mortality (16%) after pneumonia (17%) in this age group.The majority of such cases occur in the developing world, with over half of the recorded cases of childhood diarrhea occurring in Africa and Asia, with 696 million and 1.2 billion cases, respectively, compared to only 480 million in the rest of the world.Infectious diarrhea resulted in about 0.7 million deaths in children under five years old in 2011 and 250 million lost school days.