 In 1958, Norwood Hanson's book "Patterns of Discovery" subverted the putative gap between observational terms and theortical terms, a putative gap whereby direct observation would permit neutral comparison of rival theories.Hanson explains that even direct observations, the scientific "facts", are laden with theory, which guides the collection, sorting, prioritization, and interpretation of direct observations, and even shapes the researcher's ability to apprehend a phenomenon.Meanwhile, even as to general knowledge, Quine's thesis eroded foundationalism, which retreated to modesty.