 "JNES" embraces a uniquely broad scope of time, place, and topic, including contributions from scholars of international reputation on topics in Assyriology, Egyptology, Hittitology, Hebrew Bible, and allied ancient studies, as well as a second area of emphasis in early, medieval, and early-modern Islamic studies.The disciplinary range of the journal runs from history and language to religion and literature to archaeology and art history.The "Journal of Near Eastern Studies" was founded in 1884, with an original emphasis on Old Testament studies.