 In 1967 Otto Piene premiered "Proliferation of the Sun" at Aldo Tambellini's Black Gate Theater, and in 1968 he collaborated with Aldo Tambellini on the "Black Air" at the Black Gate Theater.Piene is also noted for having explored new uses for broadcast television.In 1968, Aldo Tambellini and Otto Piene reformatted "Black Air" as "Black Gate Cologne", which is cited as one of the first television programs to have been produced by experimental visual artists.