 Currently, Bowles is a Professor of Economics at the University of Siena, Italy and the Arthur Spiegel Research Professor and Director of the Behavioral Sciences Program at the Santa Fe Institute in Santa Fe, New Mexico.Additionally, Bowles continues to teach graduate-level courses in microeconomics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.In 2006, Bowles was awarded the Leontief Prize for his outstanding contribution to economic theory by the Global Development and Environment Institute.