 The formation in the 17th century of a new Rwandan dynasty by the "mwami" (king), Ruganzu Ndori, followed by eastward invasions and the conquest of Bugesera, marked the beginning of the Rwandan kingdom's dominance in the area.The capital of the kingdom was at Nyanza, in the south of the country.The city of Kigali was founded in 1907 by German administrator and explorer Richard Kandt.