 Situated in an area controlled by the Kingdom of Rwanda from the 17th century and then by the German Empire, the city was founded in 1907 when Richard Kandt, the colonial resident, chose the site for his headquarters, citing its central location, views and security.Foreign merchants began to trade in the city during the German era, and Kandt opened some government-run schools for Tutsi Rwandan students.Belgium took control of Rwanda and Burundi during World War I, forming the mandate of Ruanda-Urundi.