 It appears that NALP3 is also regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), though the precise mechanisms of such regulation has not been determined.It is suggested that NALF3 provides protection against "Streptococcus pneumoniae" infections by activating STAT6 and SPDEF.Mutations in the NLRP3 gene have been associated with a spectrum of dominantly inherited autoinflammatory diseases called cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS).