 This account is nevertheless anachronistic, meaning that "Gesta"s "Cuman" is perhaps a stand-in for "Turkic", "Khazar", or "Bulgar".The first verifiable attestations of Cumans in Arpadian Hungary were as raiders, during the 11th century; they later returned as mercenaries backing the Hungarian Kings.Stephen II's retinue included a Cuman contingent led by a Captain Tatar, which became a nuisance to the locals after pillaging the local resources.