 They were revised in 1933, 1935, 1943, 1949, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017.The Laws are effective worldwide for all duplicate bridge tournaments sponsored by WBF, zonal, national and subordinate organizations (which includes most bridge clubs).The laws were greatly influenced by Harold S. Vanderbilt in 1925 when "inter alia" he introduced the current concept of scoring, the use of boards to hold the cards, and the Tournament Director.