 According to political scientist John Magdaleno, the proportion of Venezuelans who define themselves as "Chavistas" declined from 44% to around 22% between October 2012 and December 2014, after the death of Hugo Chávez and the deterioration of the economy during Nicolás Maduro's tenure.In February 2014, a poll conducted by International Consulting Services, an organization created by Dr. Juan Vicente Scorza, a sociologist and anthropologist for the National Experimental University of the Armed Forces, found that 62% of Venezuelans consider themselves supporters or followers of the ideals of Chávez.By 2016, many "Chavistas" became disenchanted with the Bolivarian government and sought to emigrate from Venezuela to a more stable country.