 According to Roger Bastide, "since 1945 its priests have been attending Umbanda spiritism séances, blessing statues of the Virgin identified with Yemanjá, saying mass in macumba sanctuaries".ICAB holds that apostolic succession is maintained through the consecration of its bishops in an unbroken succession back to the Apostles.All ICAB bishops trace their apostolic succession back to Duarte Costa, a former bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.