 The Olduvai domain was first identified in 2004 in a study of copy number differences between human and great ape species using genome-wide array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), which takes single DNA strands from each source and hybridizes them, or joins them such that they line up, and uses fluorescent dyeing, which shows different colours where the two strands no longer line up.The study found 134 genes that showed human lineage-specific increases in copy number, one of which, "NBPF15" (then known as MGC8902, cDNA IMAGE