 The number of California Indians is unknown since they were not included in the 1850 census but has been roughly estimated to be between 50,000 and 150,000.After 1847, California was controlled (with much difficulty due to desertions) by a U.S. Army-appointed military governor and an inadequate force of a little over 600 troops.By 1850, California had grown to have a non-Indian and non-Californio population of over 100,000 due to the California Gold Rush.