 In "Racism without Racists", the sociologist Eduardo Bonilla-Silva argues that white people's perceptions of reverse racism result from what he calls the new dominant ideology of "color-blind racism", which treats racial inequality as a thing of the past, and therefore allows it to continue by opposing concrete efforts at reform.In a widely reprinted article, legal scholar Stanley Fish wrote that "'Reverse racism' is a cogent description of affirmative action only if one considers the cancer of racism to be morally and medically indistinguishable from the therapy we apply to it".Legal challenges concerning so-called "reverse racism" date back as far as the 1970s as asserted in such cases as "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke"; "Gratz v. Bollinger"; and "Grutter v. Bollinger" (regarding discrimination in higher education admissions) and "Ricci v. DeStefano" (regarding employment discrimination).