 Considerable confusion has been created by the existence of two distinct forms.While it cannot be completely excluded that early specimens were collected on another island, only Oahu and Kauai seem possible given the history of the specimens' collection, and only on the latter island is a similar-sized species now known to have once existed.However, the bones from Kauai are in the upper size range of those found of "sandwichensis", while the specimens of the lighter form are all of smaller birds.