 Urarina is rendered in Quechua as "uray-runa" or "people from below" or "down stream people".Urarina society and culture have been given little attention in the burgeoning ethnographic literature of the region, and only sporadic references in the encyclopedic genre of Peruvian Amazonia.Accounts of the Urarina peoples are limited to the data reported by Castillo, by the German ethnologist G. Tessmann in his "Die Indianer Nordost-Peru", and to the observations of missionaries and contemporary adventure seekers.