 When Congress denied legal prohibitions, the Indian Rights Association and its supporters brought suit against Indian Affairs Commissioner Francis E. Leupp in a case known as "Quick Bear v. Leupp".Following the federal appeals system, the Supreme Court ruled on it unanimously in 1908 and found that tribal trust assets were, in fact, private and not public funds that Native Americans could spend as they wished.Consequently, from trust assets, Native American parents paid Catholic schools over $100,000 in tuition over the next 50 years.