 Popular culture has generally recognized Santa Claus as having nine reindeer—Moore's eight, plus Rudolph—since the mid-20th century.Other film, television, literary and musical works have introduced other reindeer that, in part because of intellectual property issues, have not been accepted in popular culture to the extent Rudolph has.In some cases these reindeer never intended to appear more than once, such as to substitute for one of the main reindeer; in others, they serve as relatives, peers or descendants of the nine main reindeer.