 ", a distance between two particles), one can characterize every point along the reaction coordinate path by a parameter formula_4, such that formula_5 and formula_6 correspond to two ensembles of microstates for which the reaction coordinate is constrained to different values.A dynamical process where formula_4 is externally driven from zero to one, according to an arbitrary time scheduling, will be referred as " forward transformation ", while the time reversal path will be indicated as " backward
transformation".Given these definitions, the CFT sets a relation between the following five quantities