 In 1918, the Japanese lent Duan Qirui the Nishihara Loans, of which ten million yen for the Jilin-Huining Railway and thirty million for developing industries in Jilin and Heilongjiang.Twenty more were used to invest in planned railways.However, most of the money was used to fund Duan Qirui's army and was used in the Zhili–Anhui War.