 The surprising Hamas victory led to the withdrawal of Fatah forces from Gaza.By virtue of a bilateral agreement signed between the Italian Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Interior of the Palestinian Authority, the Carabinieri became a partner in the technical and professional training of Palestinian security forces and, for this reason, on March 19, 2014 Carabinieri instructors left Italy for Jericho, where is situated the General Training Centre.Before the 2003–2005 reforms, numerous separate security forces, all under exclusive control of President Arafat, existed.