 From 1997-2000, ns development was supported by DARPA through the VINT project at LBL, Xerox PARC, UCB, and USC/ISI.In 2000, ns-2 development was supported through DARPA with SAMAN and through NSF with CONSER, both at USC/ISI, in collaboration with other researchers including ACIRI.Ns-2 incorporates substantial contributions from third parties, including wireless code from the UCB Daedelus and CMU Monarch projects and Sun Microsystems.