 These representations allows us to calculate things like eigenvalues associated to superoperators.These eigenvalues are particularly useful in the field of open quantum systems, where the real parts of the Lindblad superoperator's eigenvalues will indicate whether a quantum system will relax or not.In quantum mechanics the Schrödinger Equation, formula_10 expresses the time evolution of the state vector formula_11 by the action of the Hamiltonian formula_12 which is an operator mapping state vectors to state vectors.