 Holden developed oil-burning initially in stationary boilers at Stratford Works, but subsequently on suburban locomotives and finally on express locomotives.Holden's first oil burner of 1893, "Petrolea," was a class T19 2-4-0 and burned waste oil that the Railway had previously been discharging into the River Lea.It was largely inspired by Thomas Urquhart's success in Russia, and was eventually followed by more than a hundred additional oil-burners.