 For the closest approximation, the optimum values for formula_5 and formula_6 are formula_7 and formula_8, giving a maximum error of 3.96%.When formula_9, formula_10 becomes smaller than formula_3 (which is geometrically impossible) near the axes where formula_4 is near 0.This can be remedied by replacing the result with formula_3 whenever that is greater, essentially splitting the line into two different segments.