 The Habsburg Duchy of Milan, although formally a fief of Emperor Ferdinand, was therefore ruled by Philip II, King of Spain and successors.Following the reign of Charles V, no Holy Roman Emperor of the Austrian Habsburgs was crowned King of Italy.The Kingdom of Italy continued to legally exist and it was claimed by the Emperors as a collection of imperial fiefs, including the Savoyard state (ruled by the House of Savoy), the Duchy of Tuscany (ruled by the Medici), the Duchy of Milan (in personal union with Spain), the Duchy of Parma (ruled by the Farnese), the Duchy of Mantua (ruled by the Gonzaga) and the Republic of Genoa (ruled by the Doria).