 Technology-assisted review (TAR)—also known as computer-assisted review or predictive coding—involves the application of supervised machine learning or rule-based approaches to infer the relevance (or responsiveness, privilege, or other categories of interest) of ESI.Technology-assisted review has evolved rapidly since its inception "circa" 2005.Following research studies indicating its effectiveness, TAR was first recognized by a U.S. court in 2012, by an Irish court in 2015, and by a U.K. court in 2016.