 Tumu Crisis

The Tumu Crisis (; ), also called the Crisis of Tumu Fortress () or Battle of Tumu (), was a frontier conflict between the Oirat tribes of Mongols and the Chinese Ming dynasty which led to the capture of the Emperor Yingzong of Ming on September 1, 1449, and the defeat of an army of 500,000 men by a much smaller force.In July 1449 Esen Taish of the Mongols launched a large-scale, three-pronged invasion of China with his puppet khagan Toqtaq-Buqa.