 There was great pressure on these tribes as settlers encroached on their lands and competed for resources.Some Choctaw had started moving into the region from Mississippi since the Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820.Per a treaty signed by the United States on January 20, 1825, with the Choctaw, the land west of a line "one hundred paces east of Fort Smith, and running thence, due south, to Red river" was ceded to the Choctaw.