 Runkel borders in the north on the community of Beselich and the town of Weilburg, in the east on the communities of Weinbach and Villmar and in the south and west on the town of Limburg.The town consists of 9 "Stadtteile".The town's first documentary mention came in 1159 in an "enfeoffment" document in which a nobleman named Siegfried von Runkel had his name appear as a witness.