 Examples of PDPs include the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, MMV, the Global Alliance for TB Drug Development (TB Alliance), and DND"i".PDPs act as ‘conductors of a virtual orchestra’, leveraging partners’ specific assets, capacities, and expertise to implement projects at all stages of the R&D process, integrating capabilities from academia; public-sector research institutions, particularly in neglected disease-endemic countries; pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies; non-governmental organizations including other PDPs; and governments worldwide.To overcome the lack of commercial research into drug development, PDPs can apply “delinkage” principles that aim to separate the cost of research and development from the price of products.