 "The Canting Academy, or Devil's Cabinet Opened" was a 17th-century slang dictionary, written in 1673 by Richard Head, that looked to define thieves' cant.Other early slang dictionaries include "A New Dictionary of the Terms Ancient and Modern of the Canting Crew", first published circa 1698, and Francis Grose's "A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue", first published in 1785.Grose's work was arguably the most significant English-language slang dictionary until John Camden Hotten's 1859 "A Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant, and Vulgar Words".