 The English Cistercian Abbot Isaac of l'Etoile, near Poitiers, preached against the "new monstrosity" of the "nova militia" in the mid-12th century and denounced the use of force to convert members of Islam.He also rejected the notion that crusaders could be regarded as martyrs if they died while despoiling non-Christians.Nevertheless, the Bernardine concept of Catholic warrior asceticism predominated in Christendom and exerted multiple influences culturally and otherwise, notably forming the metaphysical background of the otherworldly, pure-hearted Arthurian knight Sir Galahad, Cistercian spirituality permeating and underlying the medieval "anti-romance" and climactic sublimation of the Grail Quest, the "Queste del Saint Graal"—indeed, direct Cistercian authorship of the work is academically considered highly probable.