 Cadulac was specialized in agricultural sciences and formed the basis for what was later to become Lovanium University.In 1956 a state university was founded in Elisabethville.Progress was slow though; until the end of the 1950s, no Congolese had been promoted beyond the rank of non-commissioned officer in the Force Publique, nor to a responsible position in the administration (such as head of bureau or territorial administrator).