 The failure of the workers' councils to develop into a national movement convinced Gramsci that a Communist Party in the Leninist sense was needed.The group around "L'Ordine Nuovo" declaimed incessantly against the Italian Socialist Party's centrist leadership and ultimately allied with Bordiga's far larger "abstentionist" faction.On 21 January 1921, in the town of Livorno (Leghorn), the Communist Party of Italy ("Partito Comunista d'Italia – PCI") was founded.