 For example, many countries endemic to echinococcosis have implemented programs geared at de-worming dogs and vaccinating dogs and other livestock, such as sheep, that also act as hosts for "E. granulosus".Proper disposal of carcasses and offal after home slaughter is difficult in poor and remote communities and therefore dogs readily have access to offal from livestock, thus completing the parasite cycle of "Echinococcus granulosus" and putting communities at risk of cystic echinococcosis.Boiling livers and lungs that contain hydatid cysts during 30 minutes has been proposed as a simple, efficient and energy- and time-saving way to kill the infectious larvae.