 The Patriarchate was restored by the conquering ruler, Sultan Mehmed II, who wished to establish his dynasty as the direct heirs of the Eastern Roman emperors, and who adopted the imperial title "Kayser-i-Rûm" "caesar of the Romans", one of his subsidiary titles but a significant one.In 1454 he bestowed the office upon an illustrious Byzantine scholar-monk who was well known for his opposition to union with the Latin West, Gennadius Scholarius, who became Patriarch Gennadius II.The patriarch was designated "millet-başı" (ethnarch) of the Millet of "Rum", which included all Orthodox Christians under Ottoman rule, regardless of their ethnicity in the modern sense.