 Mouthbrooders, whether of eggs or larvae, are predominantly females.Exceptions that also involve the males include eretmodine cichlids (genera "Spathodus", "Eretmodus", and "Tanganicodus"), some "Sarotherodon" species (such as "Sarotherodon melanotheron"), "Chromidotilapia guentheri", and some "Aequidens" species.This method appears to have evolved independently in several groups of African cichlids.