 Despite Barringer's findings and other excavations in the early 20th century, geologists' skepticism continued until the 1950s when planetary science gained in maturity and understanding of cratering processes increased.Professor Herman Leroy Fairchild, an early promoter of impact cratering, argued Barringer's case in an article in "Science" in 1930.It was not until 1960 that later research by Eugene Merle Shoemaker confirmed Barringer's hypothesis.