 In the historical 1931 census preceding World War II, 78.1% of Cracovians declared Polish as their primary language, with Yiddish or Hebrew at 20.9%, Ukrainian 0.4%, German 0.3%, and Russian 0.1%.The ravages of history have greatly reduced the percentage of ethnic minorities living in Kraków.In the 2002 census, 1,895 of Kraków's inhabitants declared non-Polish national identity, the most numerous were