 Schellhase wrote that several of Miyazaki's works feature themes of love and romance, but felt that emphasis is placed on "the way lonely and vulnerable individuals are integrated into relationships of mutual reliance and responsibility, which generally benefit everyone around them".He also found that many of the protagonists in Miyazaki's films present an idealized image of families, whereas others are dysfunctional.He felt that the non-biological family in "Howl's Moving Castle" (consisting of Howl, Sophie, Markl, the Witch of the Waste, and Heen) gives a message of hope