sentences:  Using a tilt lens the plane of focus can be tilted between the front of the lens and the film plane of the camera, making the top and bottom, or both sides of the image drop focus.Usually the same lens has both tilt and shift capability but only tilting is needed for the miniature effect.With tilting, the top and bottom of tall buildings/objects often appear incorrectly out of focus because the blurring of the image is not based on the distance from the lens to the subject, as true DOF does.