sentences:  Nonetheless, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu are among countries in this group plagued by land grabbing in recent years.Researchers have warned that as much as 12% of the land surface of Papua New Guinea has been leased without informed consultation and consent from landowners, typically suppressing customary rights for 99 years.Given that land grabbing was in 2016 ruled to lie within the remit of the International Criminal Court, it is a reasonable conclusion that legal systems in the Pacific, unsupported by UNDRIP, have insufficient built-in safeguards for the protection of indigenous rights.