sentences:  MATLAB example for spatial domain highpass filtering.img=checkerboard(20); % generate checkerboard
  % ************************** SPATIAL DOMAIN ***************************
  klaplace=[0 -1 0; -1 5 -1; 0 -1 0]; % Laplacian filter kernel
  X=conv2(img,klaplace); % convolve test img with
  figure()
  imshow(X,[]) % show Laplacian filtered 
  title('Laplacian Edge Detection')
  Affine transformations enable basic image transformations including scale, rotate, translate, mirror and shear as is shown in the following examples