sentences:  Internal parasites include the gnathostomatid nematode "Echinocephalus sinensis" in the spiral intestine.External parasites include the monocotylid monogeneans "Decacotyle octona", "Decacotyle elpora" and "Thaumatocotyle pseudodasybatis" on the gills.As traditionally defined, spotted eagle rays are found globally in tropical regions from the Indo-Pacific region from the western Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the western Atlantic Ocean.