sentences:  In 1891, he founded the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States and served as its president for the first two years.Between 1892 and 1893, he served as President of the American Surgical Association
  
  After 1893, he was attending surgeon at the Presbyterian Hospital and surgeon-in-chief of Saint Joseph's Hospital, as well as a professor of surgery at the Chicago Polyclinic and a lecturer on military surgery at the University of Chicago.In 1897, he was awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Wisconsin.