sentences:  There are two types of hyphopodia which are capitate and mucronate; capitate hyphopodia are lobed appressoria where haustoria are formed, while mucronate hyphopodia are single celled structures that direct away from the leaf (Ploetz and Freeman, 2009).These do not form haustoria nor are their function known yet (Mueller, Goos, Quainoo, and Morgham, 1991).Black mildews and sooty moulds also develop on insect secretion or glands of plants which produce nectar (Hosagoudar, 2011).