sentences:  Traditionally, black-start capability was provided by integrated utilities and the costs were rolled into a broad tariff for cost recovery from ratepayers.In those areas which are not part of organized electricity markets, this is still the usual procurement mechanism.In the deregulated environment, this legacy of cost-based provision has persisted, and even recent overhauls of black-start procurement practices, such as that by the ISO New England, have not necessarily shifted to competitive procurement, even though deregulated jurisdictions have a bias for market solutions rather than cost-of-service (COS) solutions.