sentences:  It is also shown that "G. pulex" infected with the cystacanths, the infective larval stage of "P. laevis," are less likely to show behaviors that would normally allow them to avoid predation such as using refuge less frequently, being less likely to cluster together when in the presence of danger, and frequently clinging to things floating in the water.When "G. pulex" are infected by the non-infective life stage of "P. laevis," there is an increased use of refuge which in turn decreases the risk of predation which is advantageous to the parasite due to them not being able to infect the next host when in this life stage.This worm swells its proboscis to press microneedles into the intestinal wall, with a very strong adhesive force.