sentences:  This was the culmination of a series of efforts to get such a survey under way that the Marine had begun with the work of Lieutenant White of the Marine in the HEICS "Panther" in 1795.The Red Sea is full of navigational hazards, but at that time, reliable charts were not available.Surveys of the Red Sea, other than the intimate knowledge of the waters had by Arab pilots, had begun with the Portuguese João de Castro in 1540, with his "Roteiro da Mar Roxa".