sentences:  The church was involved in various campaigns of russification, and, as a consequence, it was accused of participating in anti-Jewish pogroms.In the case of anti-semitism and the anti-Jewish pogroms, no evidence is given of the direct participation of the church; it is important to remember that many Russian Orthodox clerics, including senior hierarchs, openly defended persecuted Jews, at least starting with the second half of the 19th century.Also, the Church has no official position on Judaism as such.